Deck 15: Leadership

Question 1

Keen analytical abilities can contribute to effectiveness in non-charismatic leaders.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

External factors may be overwhelming and uncontrollable, no matter how good a leader may be.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Charismatic leaders always have positive effects on their followers.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Team leaders always emerge from within the team.

Question 5

Those elements identified as "leadership variables" include the job tasks, the formal authority system of the organization, and the work group.

Question 6

Supervisors who score high on initiating structure tend to receive high proficiency ratings from superiors, but also have more employee grievances filed against them.

Question 7

Leadership traits don't operate singly to influence followers, but act in combination.

Question 8

Asking an insecure follower to participate will typically lessen their insecurity.

Question 9

If a decision has high quality and follower commitment, it is an effective decision, regardless of how long it takes to make it.

Question 10

Behavior that is helpful or even essential in some situations can be detrimental in others.

Question 11

When using management by exception, the leader is not involved unless objectives aren't being accomplished.

Question 12

Linking followers with an organization's new direction, mission, and goals is easier if they're dissatisfied or unchallenged by the current situation.

Question 13

In addition to charisma, transformational leaders need communication abilities and sensitivity to others.

Question 14

As a rule, being given greater authority lessens one's position power.

Question 15

An extreme intelligence difference between a leader and his or her followers is always beneficial to the organization.

Question 16

Some individuals possess characteristics that are so attractive to others that they are considered leaders.

Question 17

A person who is considered high in job readiness has the self-motivation and desire to do high-quality work.

Question 18

Individuals with an internal locus of control are generally more satisfied with a directive leadership style.

Question 19

To be effective, a leader should never admit mistakes.

Question 20

Patterns of effective behavior depend largely on the situation.

Question 21

There is no right or "universal" way to lead.

Question 22

Selection of the appropriate decision-making process involves considering two criteria of decision effectiveness: decision quality and subordinate _______________.

A) commitment
B) personality
C) education
D) intelligence

Question 23

Severe autocratic leadership is not advised in any culture.

Question 24

The participative management approaches that are highly recommended by many American researchers can be counterproductive in many cultures.

Question 25

Trait and behavioral approaches fail to take into account the interaction between and among people, tasks, and _______________.

A) environments
B) costs
C) objectives
D) skills

Question 26

Fielder believes that a leader's style, whether relationship- or task-oriented, is:

A) Fixed or enduring
B) Undefined
C) Flexible and ever-changing
D) Temporary

Question 27

Leader-member relations can typically be modified through all of the following except:

A) Volunteering to direct difficult or troublesome subordinates
B) Bringing new or unusual tasks or problems to the unit
C) Transferring particular subordinates out of the unit
D) Requesting particular people for work in the group

Question 28

The skills and other competencies of the leader comprise only one variable in the leadership context

Question 29

The _________________ leader focuses on the people doing the work and believes in delegating decision making and aiding employees in satisfying their needs by creating a supportive work environment.

A) centered
B) employee-centered
C) employee oriented
D) engaged

Question 30

Warren Bennis, who has devoted decades to researching leadership issues, concludes that virtually all leaders of effective groups share all of the following characteristics except:

A) They provide direction and meaning to the people they lead
B) The generate trust
C) They avoid risk taking
D) They are purveyors of hope

Question 31

The _______________ model of leadership postulates that the performance of groups is dependent on the interaction between leadership style and situational favorableness.

A) job-centered
B) contingency
C) initiating
D) situational

Question 32

All of the following are typically thought of as important variables with which every leader must deal except:

A) People
B) Tasks
C) The environment
D) Resource scarcity

Question 33

No one has _______________ control over resources, even leaders at the highest levels.

A) unilateral
B) vertical
C) horizontal
D) lateral

Question 34

The belief that a person must be physically large to secure compliance from followers relies heavily on the notion of _______________.

A) charisma
B) coercive power
C) adaptability
D) self-confidence

Question 35

Every successful team has _______________.

A) a problem oriented culture
B) an innovative mindset
C) an external incentive
D) a leader

Question 36

A situation with _______________ calls for a task-oriented leadership style.

A) good leader-member relations, high task structure, and strong position power
B) good leader-member relations, low task structure, and weak position power
C) poor leader-member relations, high task structure, and strong position power
D) poor leader-member relations, low task structure, and strong position power

Question 37

Initiating structure designates behavior in which the leader _______________.

A) organizes and defines the relationships in the group
B) establishes well-defined patterns and channels of communication
C) spells out ways of getting the job done
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 38

Edwin Ghiselli found that people who exhibited _______________ were the most effective leaders.

A) adaptability
B) individuality
C) decisiveness
D) creativity

Question 39

Coaches come in all varieties, but are always linked to seniority.

Question 40

The thinking and discussion of leadership has evolved over the years from a trait-based approach to the concept of _______________.

A) leaders without borders
B) workers without leaders
C) teams without bosses
D) None of the above.

Question 41

If an employee has a high the degree of perceived ability relative to the task demands, he or she would be the least likely to accept a(n) _______________ leadership style.

A) consultative
B) directive
C) participative
D) automatic

Question 42

Within SLT, there are two types of follower readiness: psychological and _______________.

A) individual
B) physiological
C) group
D) job

Question 43

Individual decision situations are those where the solution affects only one of the leader's:

A) Followers
B) Groups
C) Goals
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 44

Early path-goal work led to development of a theory involving all of the following types of leader behavior except:

A) Directive
B) Dictatorial
C) Supportive
D) Participative

Question 45

People typically view a charismatic leader as a _______.

A) villain
B) threat
C) hero
D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 46

Situational leadership models have all the following in common except:

A) They all have the support of industry leaders.
B) They focus on the dynamics of leadership.
C) They have stimulated research on leadership.
D) They remain controversial because of measurement problems, limited testing, or contradictory research results.

Question 47

Two types of situational or contingency variables are considered in the path-goal theory: the personal characteristics of subordinates and _______________.

A) financial pressures and demands
B) availability of resources
C) environmental pressures and demands
D) time constraints

Question 48

Mike has demonstrated a high level of capability and motivation concerning a particular task. According to SLT, which of the following leadership styles would fit best Mike's "readiness" to complete the task?

A) Telling
B) Delegating
C) Empowering
D) Selling

Question 49

The emphasis of _______________ is on followers and their level of maturity.

A) the goal-path model
B) the Jago leadership model
C) situational leadership theory
D) trait theory

Question 50

The _______________ theory of leadership advocates that leaders understand their own behavior.

A) job-centered
B) employee-centered
C) initiating
D) situational

Question 51

A leader relies on contingent reward and _______________ when using the transactional style.

A) charismatic leadership
B) role modeling
C) transformation
D) management by exception

Question 52

The _______________ leadership model makes a distinction between two types of decision situations facing leaders: individual and group.

A) Vroom-Jago
B) Fiedler contingency
C) path-goal
D) Hersey-Blanchard situational

Question 53

Which of the following is not one of the leadership styles developed by Hersey and Blanchard?

A) Supporting
B) Telling
C) Delegating
D) Participating

Question 54

"Followers have different needs that must be fulfilled with the help of a leader" is a statement that best represents:

A) Fiedler's contingency model
B) Vroom, Yetton, and Jago
C) House's Path-Goal theory
D) the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership theory

Question 55

According to the Hersey-Blanchard situational leadership model, explaining decisions and providing an opportunity for clarification is:

A) Participating
B) Delegating
C) Selling
D) Telling

Question 56

It has been argued that an important part of the leader's job is to clarify for subordinates the kind of behavior most likely to result in goal accomplishment. This activity is referred to as ____________.

A) path clarification
B) pathing
C) clarification
D) "telling"

Question 57

Making decisions without input from your subordinates, or securing input from subordinates and then making the decision yourself, represents the _______________ style of decision-making.

A) consultative
B) group
C) delegated
D) autocratic

Question 58

The situational leadership models presented in the text are similar in that they ________________.

A) focus on the dynamics of leadership
B) have stimulated research on leadership
C) remain controversial
D) All of the above.

Question 59

All of the following leaders were considered charismatic except:

A) President John
B) President Jimmy Carter
C) Adolf Hitler
D) Winston Churchill
F) Kennedy

Question 60

Which of the following have been presented in the text as ways to characterize charismatic leaders?

A) Crisis-based
B) Visionary
C) Supportive
D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 61

_______________ leaders will typically make major changes in the firm's or unit's mission, way of doing business, and human resources management to achieve their vision.

A) Directive
B) Supportive
C) Transformational
D) Transactional

Question 62

Of the following, a _______________ leader is most likely to consider an overhaul of the entire philosophy, system, and culture of an organization.

A) directive
B) supportive
C) transformational
D) transactional

Question 63

The objective of coaching is:

A) Building teamwork
B) Improving performance
C) Developing consistency
D) Removing obstacles

Question 64

____________proposed in his writings that that a leader should be driven by a desire to serve, helping those who have a legitimate need regardless of their status and without an expectation of a reciprocal obligation.

A) Robert Green
B) Robert Greenleaf
C) Robert House
D) Robert Konopaske

Question 65

What are the major behavior approaches to leadership?

Question 66

What did Greenleaf propose in regard to leadership?

Question 67

Greenleaf proposed that the servant leader has or does all of the following except:

A) High intelligence
B) Expects perfection
C) High morals
D) Treats others as equals

Question 68

Hofstede suggested ________ cultural dimensions.

A) three
B) four
C) five
D) seven

Question 69

Bass, after conducting cross-cultural studies of managers has proposed that all of the following are linked to leadership effectiveness, except:

A) Cooperative peer relations
B) Submissiveness to rules and authority
C) Reliance on self
D) Concern for human relations

Question 70

Charisma is one of the most important characteristics of the _______________ leader.

A) transformational
B) transactional
C) "exceptional"
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 71

In _______________ leadership, the employee's reward is internal.

A) transactional
B) supportive
C) participative
D) transformational

Question 72

The most important critique of SLT may be _____________.

A) the validity of the LPC instrument is unclear
B) concerning its actual effectiveness, i.e. does it work
C) its lack of intuitive appeal
D) questions regarding the adaptability of people in leadership positions

Question 73

Hofstede suggested that American researchers did not focus enough on __________________.

A) subordinates
B) subordinate views of the leader
C) aspects of the leader
D) Both A and B are correct.

Question 74

What did trait theory research attempt to accomplish?

Question 75

The complexity of global joint ventures or of leading a foreign subsidiary requires the careful study of the _______________ that face the leader.

A) culture and history
B) expectations
C) work environment
D) All of the above.

Question 76

Briefly describe what is meant by an "initiating structure."

Question 77

One national sample of U.S. workers showed that only _______________ of the participants perceived a direct relationship between how hard they worked and how much pay they received.

A) 5 percent
B) 15 percent
C) 22 percent
D) 47 percent

Question 78

Exceptional coaches have all of the following skills and abilities in common except:

A) A talent for observing
B) Decisive decision making
C) Exceptional communication ability
D) An ability to be judgmental

Question 79

What are the LOQ and LBDQ?

Question 80

Bass identified five factors that describe transformational leaders. Which of the following is not one of these factors?

A) Charisma
B) Contingent reward
C) Intellectual stimulation
D) Workforce maturity