Deck 8: Nutrition

Question 1

The nurse is advising a patient who is concerned about the need to lose weight. When discussing daily nutritional requirements, the patient reports hating vegetables. Which statement best reflects the current recommendations appropriate for this patient?

A) "Would you consider drinking a vegetable juice in place of whole vegetables?"
B) "If you want to maintain a healthy weight, eating vegetables will help tremendously."
C) "Vegetables are generally low in calories and should be incorporated in the daily diet."
D) "Can you try eating a daily serving of carrots or spinach, either cooked or in a salad?"

Answer 1

"Can you try eating a daily serving of carrots or spinach, either cooked or in a salad?"

Question 2

During a nutritional assessment, a patient asks why the waist circumference measurement is needed. What is the nurse's best response?

A) "It helps determine if the BMI is accurate."
B) "It is more reliable than skinfold measurements."
C) "It is the only tool that can reliably provide information on nutritional status."
D) "It helps in determining your risk for cardiovascular disease."

Answer 2

"It helps in determining your risk for cardiovascular disease."

Question 3

The nurse is conducting a nutrition assessment on a patient who has been admitted for hip replacement surgery. The patient reports that he is Jewish and follows the kosher dietary tradition. Which statement by the nurse will have the greatest impact on the patient's nutritional health during his hospitalization?

A) "I'll arrange for a dietitian to come and discuss your food requirements with you."
B) "Would you be more comfortable with having your family bring you food from home?"
C) "Remember that you will need to increase your protein input postsurgery."
D) "Please tell me more about your preferred eating habits."

Answer 3

"Please tell me more about your preferred eating habits."

Question 4

The nurse is reviewing written material on nutrition that is being distributed at a senior citizens center. The nurse recognizes that which statement does not accurately reflect the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 Edition and should be revised?

A) Half of all grains should be consumed as whole grains.
B) Sodium intake should be less than 1,500 mg daily.
C) Use oils to replace solid fats where possible.
D) Saturated fats should account for no more than 30% of daily calories.

Question 5

A patient is admitted for treatment of celiac sprue. Which nursing intervention is indicated to address this patient's nutritional needs?

A) Instruct the patient to consume products identified as "new and improved."
B) Encourage the patient to try an oral lactase enzyme product.
C) Limit iron and B vitamin intake.
D) Identify gluten-containing foods and eliminate them from the diet.

Question 6

The nurse is providing care to a patient in the burn unit. What should the nurse do to ensure an adequate nutritional status for this patient? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A) Plan for a parenteral nutrition access site.
B) Ensure that 5 g/kg of protein are provided daily.
C) Keep the patient NPO.
D) Report daily weights to avoid a weight loss of >10%.
E) Ensure the patient receives a minimum of 35 to 40 calories/kg of body weight each day.

Question 7

The mother of a 14-year-old boy is concerned that her son may have anorexia nervosa. Which statements by the mother would the nurse evaluate as supporting this concern? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A) "His whole focus in life is on improving his marathon time."
B) "He complains of being hot all the time."
C) "He is losing his hair."
D) "He has lost 5 pounds since he started football practice."
E) "He seems so skinny and weak."

Question 8

A patient is being weaned from parenteral nutrition. Which intervention would support the weaning process?

A) Discontinue parenteral nutrition and begin enteral nutrition.
B) Reduce the rate according to protocol.
C) Discontinue the nutrition and provide regular meals.
D) Discontinue parenteral nutrition and begin peripheral nutrition with dextrose 20%.

Question 9

An elderly patient is admitted after being found alone in the home with no food available. Severe malnutrition is diagnosed and refeeding has been instituted. The nurse should plan to monitor this patient for which complications of this therapy? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A) Hypernatremia
B) Low potassium levels
C) Prolongation of the PR interval
D) Edema
E) Pulmonary crackles

Question 10

The nurse is caring for an elderly patient who recently experienced a cerebral vascular accident CVA, or stroke). The nurse will evaluate which assessment findings as indicating dysphagia? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A) Drooling
B) Slurred speech
C) Pocketing of food in the cheeks
D) Anorexia
E) Frequent throat clearing

Question 11

The nurse is planning care for a postoperative patient who has just resumed a regular diet. What should the nurse include when planning for this patient's nutritional needs?

A) Protein intake should be restricted.
B) Calories should be limited because of reduced activity.
C) Carbohydrate intake should be restricted.
D) Daily caloric intake should be increased.

Question 12

The nurse has been providing nutritional education to a patient. Which statement would indicate the patient understands the information regarding low-sodium foods?

A) "I should look for foods with 'reduced sodium' on the label."
B) "I should purchase canned vegetables."
C) "I should avoid foods whose labels indicate they are smoked or cured."
D) "Most fruit juices are naturally high in sodium."

Question 13

A patient with a nasogastric tube for intermittent enteral feedings has been coughing. Which intervention should the nurse perform prior to using the tube?

A) Reassess for tube placement.
B) Give the next feeding more slowly.
C) Flush the tube with sterile water prior to giving the next feeding.
D) Place the head of the bed at a 10-degree angle.

Question 14

The nurse is planning care for a patient with liver cirrhosis and resultant ascites. What intervention should be included to ensure an adequate nutritional status for this patient?

A) Ensure caloric intake of 10 to 15 calories per kg of body weight.
B) Provide small, more frequent, high-protein meals.
C) Encourage foods higher in sodium.
D) Implement a very low-fat diet.

Question 15

A patient who has just been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes asks, "Is it okay for me to have an occasional glass of beer?" What is the nurse's best advice?

A) "I'm so sorry but you should not drink any alcohol."
B) "As long as you are not drinking to excess, beer will have no effect on your blood glucose."
C) "An occasional beer is fine as long as you eat something while you are drinking it."
D) "You can drink a beer if you eliminate other foods from your diet that day."

Question 16

According to BMI measurements, a patient is overweight. Which additional assessments would the nurse perform to verify this conclusion? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A) Wrist circumference
B) Length of femur
C) Head circumference
D) Elbow breadth
E) Maximum length from tip of thumb to tip of small finger

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from a total hip replacement. Which nutritional intervention is indicated?

A) Assess for tolerance to diet and progress from clear liquid to another level as tolerated.
B) Maintain a clear liquid diet with intravenous fluid supplementation.
C) Plan to support nutritional status with parenteral supplements.
D) Plan to support nutritional status with enteral feedings.

Question 18

A patient receiving enteral feeding via a nasogastric tube NG) has also been prescribed several medications. What is the nurse's initial intervention?

A) Confirm that there are no incompatibility issues between the medications and the enteral formula.
B) Flush the NG tube before, between, and after medication delivery.
C) Determine whether this administration route is appropriate for the prescribed medications.
D) Keep the head of the patient's bed at a 45-degree angle during and immediately after medication delivery.

Question 19

A patient is postoperative from kidney transplant. What nutritional care is appropriate for this patient? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A) Begin the introduction of previously restricted foods.
B) Meet the demands of any existing hypermetabolic process.
C) Correct any preexisting deficiencies.
D) Provide necessary support to promote wound healing.
E) Restrict calories to prevent the postoperative weight gain common with this procedure.

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a patient receiving an extensive regimen of chemotherapy. The nurse recognizes that the patient's ability to avoid muscle wasting during this treatment is most affected by which factor?

A) Pretreatment nutritional status
B) Management of nausea and vomiting
C) General attitude related to food
D) Nutritional value of the foods the patient is likely to eat