Deck 14: Separation and Divorce

Question 1

Carrie and Jason are dissolving their marriage.Carrie is now uncomfortable with some of their former friends,particularly those who worked with Jason.She is attempting to cut ties with this group and develop her own set of friends.Carrie is going through which station of divorce?

A)community
B)emotional
C)co-parental
D)legal

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What behaviors usually characterize the action stage of marital dissolution?

A)Couples often argue and struggle over such things as the division of property and child custody.
B)It is a relatively calm and tranquil period of readjustment.
C)A "transitional person" usually helps one or both of the partners take on a new identity.
D)Both of the partners usually accept the fact that the,marriage has ended.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of covenant marriages?

A)Those who opt for a covenant marriage make a legal contract that they will not divorce except for abuse or adultery; for other reasons,they must have counseling and wait two years before ending the marriage.
B)In states that allow for covenant marriage,about one out of every five couples opt for it.
C)Those who opt for covenant marriage experience virtually no divorce; rather,they achieve much greater satisfaction and stability than others.
D)Both a and c.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

"No-fault divorce laws not only remove acrimony,but also make divorce a more equitable process." This statement is a reflection of which perspective?

A)systems theory
B)symbolic interactionism
C)conflict theory
D)exchange theory

Question 5

When people do divorce,for whatever reason,four phases tend to mark the process.Which of the following is NOT one of these?

A)recognition
B)postdissolution
C)discussion
D)hostility

Question 6

In terms of the text's discussion of divorce trends,what is the significance of the year 1974?

A)This is the first year the divorce rate began to drop.
B)This is the year the divorce rate began to increase rapidly.
C)The divorce rate was the lowest it had been since 1900.
D)For the first time,more U.S.marriages ended by divorce than death of a spouse.

Question 7

The legal reasons for which people can be granted a divorce are governed by __________ law.

A)state
B)federal
C)local
D)constitutional

Question 8

Which of Bohannan's six stations of divorce involves the loss of trust,respect,and affection for the spouse?

A)legal
B)psychic
C)emotional
D)economic

Question 9

Len and Sunny are moving toward marital dissolution.They have acknowledged that the marriage is in trouble,and Sunny is making some attempt to save the relationship,but their conflict level is increasing.What stage of marital dissolution are they in?

A)recognition
B)discussion
C)postdiscussion
D)action

Question 10

Which of the following statements is NOT true about divorce rates in the United States?

A)In 1974,more marriages have ended in divorce than in death of a spouse.
B)After 1980,divorce rates tended to decline as marriages became more stable.
C)Among first marriages,one of five break up within eight years.
D)One-half of all Americans who have ever married have also been divorced.

Question 11

The text points out that in some cases,offended spouses believe that their partners have changed after marriage.From the standpoint of __________ theory,it is not the partner who has changed but the respondent's perception of his or her partner.

A)systems
B)exchange
C)symbolic interactionist
D)conflict

Question 12

Bohannan's station of __________ divorce involves settlement of the property.

A)psychic
B)community
C)economic
D)legal

Question 13

In the __________ stage of marital dissolution one of the partners begins to feel uncomfortable.

A)recognition
B)discussion
C)hostility
D)postdissolution

Question 14

When people "fall out of love," they may experience disaffection,which is the gradual loss of emotional attachment,including a/an:

A)decline in caring about the partner.
B)desire to injure the partner.
C)ongoing sense of obligation to the partner.
D)developing hatred between the partners.

Question 15

Which of Bohannan's six stations of divorce involves the tangible benefit to the partners of relief from legal responsibilities and the right to remarry?

A)psychic
B)legal
C)economic
D)emotional

Question 16

The government measures the divorce rate as:

A)the number of divorces per 1,000 population
B)the number of divorces per 1,000 married women 15 years and older.
C)the number of divorces per 1,000 married men 15 years and older.
D)both a and b.

Question 17

The text points out that about two-thirds of all couples involved with marital dissolution experience Bohannan's __________ divorce.

A)community
B)co-parental
C)economic
D)emotional

Question 18

Elaine and Bertram live in a state that specifies no-fault divorce.What is required for them to get divorced?

A)Elaine must prove that Bertram engaged in some wrongdoing.
B)Both must prove that the other engaged in some wrongdoing.
C)No proof of wrongdoing is necessary by either party.
D)Both parties must agree to the divorce.

Question 19

Wally and Linda have accepted the fact that their marriage has ended; Linda attributes the divorce to Wally's love affair with another woman; Wally rationalizes his extramarital activities to Linda's loss of interest in sex.Wally and Linda are in which stage of marital dissolution?

A)hostility
B)discussion
C)action
D)postdissolution

Question 20

How many Americans believe that divorce is morally wrong?

A)22%
B)40%
C)slightly over half
D)none of the above: Americans no longer consider divorce a moral issue.

Question 21

According to the text's discussion of gender differences regarding divorce:

A)research suggests that boys adjust more easily to divorce than girls.
B)every research investigation suggests that there are substantial differences between boys and girls.
C)divorce tends to raise the level of aggression in both boys and girls.
D)b and c above

Question 22

Which of the following statements about the relationship between socioeconomic status and divorce is true?

A)The higher the socioeconomic status,the higher the divorce rate.
B)The higher the socioeconomic status,the lower the divorce rate.
C)The divorce rate is highest at the high and low extremes of socioeconomic status.
D)There is no consistent relationship between socioeconomic status and divorce.

Question 23

In discussing how parents and children cope with the disruption of intimate relationships,the text observes that:

A)children adjust better when the custodial parent is well adjusted.
B)the mother is particularly important in the child's adjustment,even when she does not have sole custody.
C)whatever else happens,one of the prime needs of the children is a stable home and a loving,supportive mother.
D)all of the above

Question 24

Which of the following is true about divorce in Japan?

A)Rates rose rapidly beginning in the 1960s.
B)About one in three Japanese marriages ends in divorce.
C)The majority of divorces are initiated by wives.
D)All of the above.

Question 25

According to the text's discussion of changing norms and roles related to divorce:

A)divorce has become less acceptable over time.
B)in the United States,we have a divorce culture that is rooted in our individualism and insistence on personal happiness.
C)in a national survey,only 25 percent of the respondents agreed that divorce is usually the best solution when couples can't seem to work out their problems.
D)none of the above

Question 26

Emotional problems can cause a marriage to deteriorate and as the marriage grows troublesome the emotional problems intensify,causing the marriage to deteriorate even more.In systems theory,this reflects what is termed the principle of:

A)rationality.
B)circularity.
C)functionality.
D)replication.

Question 27

According to the text's discussion of the long-term effects of divorce,which factor helps children to adjust better in both the short and long run?

A)the custodial parent functions well
B)the children have regular contact with the noncustodial parent
C)the children's exposure to conflict between the parents has been minimal
D)all of these

Question 28

Which of the following groups has the highest rates of divorce?

A)white Americans
B)Asian Americans
C)Hispanic Americans
D)African Americans

Question 29

According to a study of 80 divorced couples,about one in __________ had a relatively high degree of coparental interaction one year following the dissolution.

A)thirty
B)twenty
C)ten
D)five

Question 30

Sam and Tonia are a white couple who married when they were both 30 years old.Bill and Steffie,both white,married at age 19.Carl and Monica,a black couple,married at age 28.Miguel and Grace,a Hispanic couple,married at age 25.Which of these couples is LEAST likely to divorce?

A)Sam and Tonia
B)Bill and Steffie
C)Carl and Monica
D)Miguel and Grace

Question 31

Marilee and Mark were both employed while they were married.They have been divorced about one year,and Marilee has custody of the children.Which of the following is likely to be true?

A)Mark's standard of living has gone up since the divorce.
B)Marilee's standard of living has gone down since the divorce.
C)Marilee's standard of living has gone up since the divorce.
D)Their respective standards of living are about the same.

Question 32

Of psychologist Constance Ahrons's four types of relationships between ex-spouses,__________ were those who could tolerate being in the same place with the ex-spouse but who still felt so hostile and bitter that they could not interact pleasantly.

A)angry associates
B)fiery foes
C)perfect pals
D)cooperative colleagues

Question 33

Among Christians,which of the following groups has the LOWEST rate of divorce?

A)Episcopalians
B)Catholics
C)fundamentalists
D)those who claim no religion

Question 34

Which of the following is true about the health of divorced people?

A)The health of the one "left behind" suffers but not the health of the initiator.
B)It takes about one year for the negative emotions of divorce to subside.
C)Divorced people have higher rates of physical and mental health problems.
D)People who have been divorced longer than five years report higher levels of happiness than married people.

Question 35

Of the four types of relationships identified by psychologist Constance Ahrons,__________ were those who had minimal contact with each other and who became bitter and angry when they did interact.

A)perfect pals
B)cooperative colleagues
C)fiery foes
D)angry associates

Question 36

When people in a national sample were asked why their marriages ended in a divorce,the most common reason given was:

A)infidelity
B)boredom.
C)sexual incompatibility.
D)financial differences.

Question 37

__________ is a state of relative harmony and cohesion in a group.

A)Calm
B)Fluidity
C)Social integration
D)Equilibrium

Question 38

Herman and Gladys are divorced but try to get along for the sake of the children.They have both remarried but interact regularly,usually without argument.Of the types of ex-spouses identified by Ahrons,they are:

A)the least common.
B)the most common.
C)the "perfect pals."
D)the "insincere intimates."

Question 39

When Steve and Kathy divorced,they agreed to share the responsibility for the care and raising of their children.This arrangement exemplifies:

A)sole custody.
B)joint custody.
C)custodial guardianship.
D)child sharing.

Question 40

Until relatively recently,the only child-custody arrangement was _________,in which one of the parents is given the responsibility for the care and raising of the child.

A)joint,legal custody
B)joint custody
C)custodial guardianship
D)sole custody