Question 1

A patient with an eye injury requires an ocular examination to detect the presence of a foreign body.The nurse anticipates that which drug will be used for this examination?&#10;A) Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)&#10;B) Fluorescein sodium (AK-Fluor)&#10;C) Atropine sulfate (Isopto Atropine)&#10;D) Olopatadine (Patanol)

Accepted Answer

Fluorescein sodium (AK-Fluor) is a dye that is used to stain the cornea and detect the presence of foreign bodies in the eye. It is also used to detect corneal abrasions and ulcers. Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) is a vasoconstrictor that is used to dilate the pupil for a dilated eye exam. Atropine sulfate (Isopto Atropine) is also used for a dilated eye exam and to treat certain eye conditions. Olopatadine (Patanol) is an antihistamine used to treat allergies and not used for ocular examinations.

Question 2

A patient has a new prescription for an antiglaucoma eyedrop.The next day,she calls the clinic and states,"The package insert says this medication might make my blue eyes turn brown! Is this true?" The nurse realizes that the patient has a prescription for which eye medication?

A) Latanoprost (Xalatan),a prostaglandin agonist
B) Dorzolamide (Trusopt),an ocular carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
C) Betaxolol (Betoptic),a direct-acting beta blocker
D) Pilocarpine (Pilocar),a direct-acting cholinergic

Latanoprost (Xalatan),a prostaglandin agonist

Accepted Answer

Latanoprost is known to cause changes in iris pigmentation over time, leading to darkening of the iris. This change in pigmentation is seen more often in individuals with hazel or mixed color eyes but can also occur in individuals with blue eyes.

Question 3

The nurse will be giving ophthalmic drugs to a patient with glaucoma.Which drug is given intravenously to reduce intraocular pressure when other medications are not successful?&#10;A) Tobramycin (Tobrex)&#10;B) Bacitracin (AK-Tracin)&#10;C) Mannitol (Osmitrol)&#10;D) Ketorolac (Acular)

Accepted Answer

Mannitol (Osmitrol) is given intravenously to reduce intraocular pressure in cases where other medications have not been successful. Tobramycin (Tobrex), Bacitracin (AK-Tracin), and Ketorolac (Acular) are all ophthalmic drugs, but they are not given intravenously for the purpose of reducing intraocular pressure.

Question 4

A patient will be receiving mannitol (Osmitrol),1.5 g/kg IV 1 hour before ocular surgery.The patient weighs 110 pounds.The medication is available as a 25% solution.Based on this patient's dose,calculate how many milliliters of mannitol this patient will receive,using the 25% solution._______

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient will be receiving mannitol (Osmitrol),1.5...

Question 5

The nurse is reviewing the use of ophthalmic preparations.Indications for the direct- and indirect-acting miotics include which condition?&#10;A) Cataracts&#10;B) Removal of foreign bodies&#10;C) Open-angle glaucoma&#10;D) Ocular infections

Accepted Answer

Direct- and indirect-acting miotics are used to treat open-angle glaucoma by decreasing intraocular pressure. They do not have indications for cataracts, removal of foreign bodies or ocular infections.

Question 6

A patient is about to undergo ocular surgery.The preoperative nurse anticipates that which drug will be used for local anesthesia?&#10;A) Oral glycerin&#10;B) Proparacaine (Alcaine)&#10;C) Timolol (Timoptic)&#10;D) Dipivefrin (Propine)

Accepted Answer

Proparacaine (Alcaine) is a local anesthetic frequently used during ocular surgery or eye procedures. It is a topical anesthetic that works by numbing the nerves in the eye, providing temporary anesthesia, and reducing eye pain. Oral glycerin is a hyperosmotic laxative often used to relieve constipation. Timolol (Timoptic) and Dipivefrin (Propine) are both used to treat glaucoma by reducing intraocular pressure and do not provide local anesthesia.

Question 7

A patient has been taking the corticosteroid dexamethasone (Decadron)but has developed bacterial conjunctivitis and has a prescription for gentamicin (Garamycin)ointment.The nurse notes that which interaction is possible if the two drugs are used together?

A) The infection may become systemic.
B) The gentamicin effects may become more potent.
C) The corticosteroid may cause overgrowth of nonsusceptible organisms.
D) Immunosuppression may make it more difficult to eliminate the eye infection.

Accepted Answer

Concurrent use of corticosteroids, such as dexamethasone, and ophthalmic antimicrobials, may cause immunosuppression that may make it more difficult to eliminate the eye infection.

Question 8

A patient is receiving ocular cyclosporine (Restasis)and also has an order for an artificial tears product.The nurse includes which instructions in the teaching plan for these medications?&#10;A) &#34;These two eye drugs cannot be given together.Let's check with your prescriber.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You may take these two drugs together at the same time.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;First take the artificial tears,and then take the Restasis after 5 minutes.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Take the Restasis first,and then wait 15 minutes before taking the artificial tears.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The patient should take the Restasis first and then wait 15 minutes before taking the artificial tears, as this allows the medication to absorb properly. Taking the artificial tears first could dilute the Restasis and decrease its effectiveness.

Question 9

When teaching a patient about the proper application of timolol (Timoptic)eyedrops,the nurse will include which instruction?&#10;A) &#34;Apply the drops into the conjunctival sac instead of directly onto the eye.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Apply the drops directly to the eyeball (cornea)for the best effect.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Blot your eye with a tissue immediately after applying the drops.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Tilt your head forward before applying the eyedrops.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The proper application of Timoptic eyedrops involves applying the drops into the conjunctival sac, which is the space between the eyeball and the eyelid. This allows the medication to be absorbed into the eye properly. Applying the drops directly onto the eye (cornea) can cause irritation and discomfort. Blotting the eye with a tissue immediately after applying the drops or tilting the head forward before applying the drops is not necessary for proper application.

Question 10

The nurse is administering antibiotic eyedrops to a patient for the first time.After the first drop is given,the patient states,"That eyedrop is making my eye sting! Is that normal?" Which is the best response by the nurse?

A) "That's unusual.Let me rinse the medication from your eye."
B) "Sometimes these eyedrops may cause burning and stinging,but it should go away soon."
C) "These may be serious side effects,so I will notify your doctor before the next dose is due."
D) "Let's wait and see if these effects happen the next time you receive these drops."

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Accepted Answer

The best response by the nurse is to address the patient's concern and explain that burning and stinging can be a side effect of the antibiotic eyedrops, but it should go away soon. This response reassures the patient that their reaction is not unusual and is a common side effect. Option A is not appropriate because rinsing out the medication could decrease the drug's effectiveness. Option C is alarming and unnecessary for a common side effect. Option D is not appropriate because the patient needs appropriate intervention at this time.

Deck 57: Ophthalmic Drugs