Deck 27: Gastrointestinal Drugs

Question 1

Prolonged or excessive use of antacids should be avoided because:

A)these drugs can alter the metabolism of other drugs that rely on gastric acidity to activate the drug.
B)these drugs can affect the elimination of other drugs by altering urinary pH.
C)acid production may increase (acid rebound)when these drugs are suddenly discontinued.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Answer 1

all of the above

Question 2

Natural and synthetic opioid drugs _____ gastrointestinal motility,and are therefore useful in treating _____.

A)increase;diarrhea
B)decrease;diarrhea
C)increase;constipation
D)decrease;constipation
E)none of the above;opioids do not affect gastrointestinal motility

Answer 2

decrease;diarrhea

Question 3

In many patients with gastric ulcers,antibacterial drugs are often combined with proton pump inhibitors to help eliminate ________ infection as a potentiating factor in ulcer formation.

A)H)pylori
B)streptococcal
C)E)coli
D)giardia
E)P)aeruginosa

Answer 3

H)pylori

Question 4

Most antacid medications contain a chemical base that neutralizes excess _____ ions in the stomach,thereby _____ intragastric pH.

A)hydrogen;increasing
B)hydrogen;decreasing
C)sodium;increasing
D)sodium;decreasing
E)calcium;increasing

Question 5

Drugs such as cimetidine (Tagamet)and ranitidine (Zantac)that selectively block histamine type 2 (H2)receptors on stomach parietal cells:

A)prevent the histamine-activated release of gastric acid.
B)are available only by prescription.
C)are known as antihistamines.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 6

Daily or indiscriminate use of laxatives should be avoided because excessive use can cause:

A)excessive loss of fluids and electrolytes.
B)irritation of the lower gastrointestinal tract.
C)impairment or loss of normal mechanisms governing evacuation and defecation.
D)all of the above
E)none of the above

Question 7

Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole (Prilosec)and esomeprazole (Nexium)are useful in reducing gastric acid secretion because they:

A)contain a base that chemically neutralizes gastric acid.
B)block the effects of histamine on stomach H2 receptors.
C)inhibit the enzyme that secretes acid from gastric parietal cells into the lumen of the stomach.
D)inhibit the enzyme that transports sodium out of gastric parietal cells and transports potassium into these cells.
E)none of the above;these drugs are not useful in reducing gastric acid secretion.