Deck 9: Microbiology and Immunology

Question 1

An agent producing disease of pathologic change is called a (an):

A)Antibody
B)Leukocyte
C)Phagocyte
D)Pathogen

Answer 1

Pathogen

Question 2

All of the following are functions of the cell wall EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Aid in adherence and gliding motility of an organism
B)Maintains the shape of the microorganism
C)Provides support for flagella
D)Prevents rupture of the cell

Answer 2

Aid in adherence and gliding motility of an organism

Question 3

Which immunoglobulin is the first to appear in a given immune response?

A)IgG
B)IgE
C)IgM
D)IgD

Answer 3

IgM

Question 4

Identify the type of staining procedure used to determine if an organism is a spore former.

A)Flagellar stain
B)Acid-fast stain
C)Gram stain
D)Schaeffer-Fulton stain

Question 5

What cellular structure is directly involved in protein synthesis?

A)Golgi complex
B)Ribosome
C)Mitochondrion
D)Nucleus

Question 6

A toxemia is indicative of which type of infection?

A)Latent
B)Systemic
C)Local
D)Opportunistic

Question 7

The bacteria primarily responsible for root caries are:

A)Streptococcus mitis
B)Streptococcus sanguis
C)Streptococcus salivarius
D)Actinomyces naeslundii

Question 8

All of the following are bacterial infections EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Conjunctivitis
B)Toxoplasmosis
C)Meningococcal meningitis
D)Syphillis

Question 9

What is the correct morphological name for cocci that appear in chains?

A)Staphylococci
B)Diplococci
C)Sarcinae
D)Streptococci

Question 10

In prokaryotic organisms, respiration occurs via what cellular structure?

A)Cytoplasmic membrane
B)Mitochondria
C)Ribosomes
D)Lysosomes

Question 11

The type of media designed to increase the numbers of particular microbes to detectable levels is:

A)Reducing media
B)Enriched media
C)Selective media
D)Differential media

Question 12

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A)Prokaryotes-nuclear membrane
B)Eukaryotes-mitochondria present
C)Prokaryotes-mitochondria absent
D)Eukaryotes-nuclear membrane

Question 13

All of the following are prerequisites for the development of dental caries EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Family history of dental caries
B)Susceptible host
C)Supply of substrate for acid production
D)Cariogenic bacteria

Question 14

The type of microscopy used to observe living cells is:

A)Phase-contrast microscopy
B)Fluorescence microscopy
C)Bright-field microscopy
D)Darkfield microscopy

Question 15

A barnacle must attach to a hard surface such as rocks, shells, or whales. When the barnacle attaches to the whale, it benefits by having a place to stay, while the whale is unaffected. This is an example of what type of relationship?

A)Symbiosis
B)Predation
C)Commensalism
D)Parasitism

Question 16

What microorganisms metabolize substances aerobically if oxygen is present or anaerobically if oxygen is absent?

A)Obligate aerobes
B)Aerotolerant anaerobes
C)Microaerophilics
D)Facultative anaerobes

Question 17

A chancre is present during which stage of a syphilis infection?

A)Primary
B)Secondary
C)Tertiary
D)Quaternary

Question 18

In which phase of metabolism is energy consumed?

A)Catabolism
B)Anabolism
C)Glycoysis
D)Protein synthesis

Question 19

The structure responsible for regulating movement of materials in and out of a cell is the:

A)Ribosome
B)Plastids
C)Cytoplasmic membrane
D)Vacuole

Question 20

The incubation period for hepatitis A is:

A)28-47 days
B)45-160 days
C)8-16 hours
D)15 to 50 days

Question 21

The type of immunity acquired when a mother passes antibodies to her infant is called:

A)Natural-Active
B)Artificial-Active
C)Natural-Passive
D)Artificial-Passive

Question 22

The causative agent of whooping cough is:

A)Yersenia pestis
B)Bacillus anthracis
C)Escherichia coli
D)Bordatella pertussis

Question 23

Periodontal disease is caused by calculus. Calculus serves as a collection site for bacteria.

A)Both statements are TRUE.
B)Both statements are FALSE.
C)First statement is TRUE.Second statement is FALSE.
D)First statement is FALSE.Second statement is TRUE.

Question 24

In vivo culturing techniques involve using non-living materials in a culture vessel. In vitro culturing techniques involve using living cells.

A)Both statements are TRUE.
B)Both statements are FALSE.
C)First statement is TRUE.Second statement is FALSE.
D)First statement is FALSE.Second statement is TRUE.

Question 25

Severe and rapid periodontal destruction with a lack of deep-pocket formation is indicative of:

A)Chronic periodontitis
B)Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis
C)Gingivitis
D)Aggressive periodontitis

Question 26

Meningococcal meningitis is caused by Neisseria meningitidis. The route of transmission of meningococcal meningitis is by direct contact.

A)Both statements are TRUE.
B)Both statements are FALSE.
C)First statement is TRUE.Second statement is FALSE.
D)First statement is FALSE.Second statement is TRUE.

Question 27

The antibacterial agent used to treat syphilis is:

A)Doxycycline
B)Erythromycin
C)Penicillin
D)Metronidazole

Question 28

The primary organism in aggressive periodontitis is:

A)S.mutans
B)A.actinomycetemcomitans
C)C.albicans
D)P.intermedia

Question 29

All of the following are gram-positive bacilli EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Bacillus anthracis
B)Clostridium perfringens
C)Listeria monocytogenes
D)Escherichia coli

Question 30

All of the following are factors that place a person at risk of acquiring HIV EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Unsafe sexual practices
B)Kissing someone already infected
C)Intravenous drug use
D)Exposure to blood or blood products

Question 31

All of the following are clinical findings and symptoms of the mumps EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Dehydration
B)Swollen parotid gland
C)Papilla of Stenson's duct is red and swollen
D)Fever

Question 32

Herpes simplex viruses are responsible for the formation of:

A)Cold sores
B)Warts
C)Chickenpox
D)Shingles

Question 33

Exotoxins are soluble substances secreted by gram-positive bacteria. A few clinically significant exotoxins are associated with botulism, tetanus, diptheria, gas gangrene, and scarlet fever.

A)Both statements are TRUE.
B)Both statements are FALSE.
C)First statement is TRUE.Second statement is FALSE.
D)First statement is FALSE.Second statement is TRUE.

Question 34

In which phase of bacterial growth is there an exponential increase in cell number?

A)Lag phase
B)Log phase
C)Stationary phase
D)Phase of decline

Question 35

Trismus is a clinical symptom of what disease?

A)Tetanus
B)Leprosy
C)Lyme
D)Ringworm

Question 36

Most primary herpetic infections are subclinical. Recurrent herpetic infections cannot be passed from mother to child during birth.

A)Both statements are true.
B)Both statements are false.
C)First statement is true.Second statement is false.
D)First statement is false.Second statement is true.

Question 37

The transfer of genetic material between two living bacteria that are in physical contact is called:

A)Transformation
B)Mutation
C)Transduction
D)Conjugation

Question 38

Erythematous candidiasis is associated with loss of papillae. Pseudomembranous candidiasis is a smooth, flat, red, lesion on the dorsum of the tongue.

A)Both statements are TRUE.
B)Both statements are FALSE.
C)First statement is TRUE.Second statement is FALSE.
D)First statement is FALSE.Second statement is TRUE.

Question 39

The causative agent of Lyme disease is:

A)Chlamydia psittaci
B)Treponema pallidum
C)Borrelia burgdorferi
D)Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 40

The virus responsible for hand, foot, and mouth disease is:

A)Mumps virus
B)Herpes virus
C)Coxsackievirus
D)Orthomyxovirus

Question 41

Angular cheilitis is caused by:

A)Candida
B)Herpes virus
C)Coxsackie virus
D)Papillomavirus

Question 42

Necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis is associated with severe and rapid periodontal destruction. Aggressive periodontitis occurs prior to age 35 and is associated with a rapid rate of progression of tissue destruction.

A)Both statements are TRUE.
B)Both statements are FALSE.
C)First statement is TRUE.Second statement is FALSE.
D)First statement is FALSE.Second statement is TRUE.

Question 43

Use the following case study to answer The Following questions
A 45-year old man with a full dentition presents for a continued dental hygiene care appointment.
The extraoral examination reveals multiple reddish blue and brown skin lesions in the neck area. The intraoral examination reveals a dark macule in the right posterior palate and a few creamy white raised lesions on the left buccal mucosa. The client's health history reveals a previous addiction to heroin.
What is the BEST practice for preventing the transmission of this client's disease in the dental practice?

A)Wear personal protective equipment
B)Use preprocedural mouthrinse
C)Refer to another dentist to treat
D)Treat the patient using standard precautions

Question 44

Use the following case study to answer The Following questions
A 45-year old man with a full dentition presents for a continued dental hygiene care appointment.
The extraoral examination reveals multiple reddish blue and brown skin lesions in the neck area. The intraoral examination reveals a dark macule in the right posterior palate and a few creamy white raised lesions on the left buccal mucosa. The client's health history reveals a previous addiction to heroin.
The reddish blue and brown skin lesions on the neck and the dark macule in the right posterior palate are indicative of what secondary neoplasm?

A)Kaposi's sarcoma
B)B-cell lymphoma
C)Herpes simplex virus
D)Cytomegalovirus

Question 45

Use the following case study to answer The Following questions
A 45-year old man with a full dentition presents for a continued dental hygiene care appointment.
The extraoral examination reveals multiple reddish blue and brown skin lesions in the neck area. The intraoral examination reveals a dark macule in the right posterior palate and a few creamy white raised lesions on the left buccal mucosa. The client's health history reveals a previous addiction to heroin.
The extraoral and intraoral findings are MOST likely indicative of what disease?

A)Syphilis
B)Hepatitis B
C)AIDS
D)Shingles

Question 46

A person presents with a small ulcer on the right buccal mucosa. Upon further examination, the dental hygienist observes a small erythematous halo surrounding the ulcer. The ulcer is MOST likely called:

A)Herpetic whitlow
B)Recurrent aphthous ulcer
C)Hyperplastic candidiasis
D)Ludwig's angina

Question 47

Use the following case study to answer The Following questions
A 45-year old man with a full dentition presents for a continued dental hygiene care appointment.
The extraoral examination reveals multiple reddish blue and brown skin lesions in the neck area. The intraoral examination reveals a dark macule in the right posterior palate and a few creamy white raised lesions on the left buccal mucosa. The client's health history reveals a previous addiction to heroin.
Which of the following infections is the MOST likely cause of the white creamy lesions on the left buccal mucosa?

A)Candida
B)Herpes
C)Influenza
D)Cytomegalovirus

Question 48

Use the following case study to answer The Following questions
A 45-year old man with a full dentition presents for a continued dental hygiene care appointment.
The extraoral examination reveals multiple reddish blue and brown skin lesions in the neck area. The intraoral examination reveals a dark macule in the right posterior palate and a few creamy white raised lesions on the left buccal mucosa. The client's health history reveals a previous addiction to heroin.
What term BEST describes the type of infection presented by the white creamy lesions on the left buccal mucosa?

A)Nosocomial
B)Systemic
C)Opportunistic
D)Latent