Deck 19: Dental Hygiene Care for Individuals With Special Needs

Question 1

A client undergoing dialysis should have the dental hygiene visit scheduled:

A)Immediately after dialysis
B)Within 12 hours of dialysis
C)The day after dialysis
D)3 days after dialysis

Answer 1

The day after dialysis

Question 2

Which of the following disabling conditions often occurs with hearing loss?

A)Cleft palate
B)Multiple sclerosis
C)Thyroid disease
D)Blindness

Answer 2

Cleft palate

Question 3

Which of the following is a common oral side effect of radiation to the head and neck area?

A)Occlusal caries
B)Fissuring of the tongue
C)Cervical caries
D)Periodontal abscesses

Answer 3

Cervical caries

Question 4

Perimyolysis of the maxillary anterior lingual teeth is associated with:

A)Epilepsy
B)Anorexia nervosa
C)Cleft palate
D)Bulimia

Question 5

Which one of the following medical emergencies is MOST likely to occur in a client with diabetes mellitus?

A)Ketoacidosis
B)Hypoglycemia
C)Hyperglycemia
D)Seizure

Question 6

Which of the following medications is BEST recommended for oral pain management in clients with asthma?

A)Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
B)Acetaminophen
C)Aspirin
D)Procardia

Question 7

A chronic immunologic systemic disease in which joint inflammation occurs during periods of exacerbation and remission defines:

A)Progressive systemic sclerosis
B)Rheumatoid arthritis
C)Tubular sclerosis
D)Lupus erythematosus

Question 8

The high incidence of dental caries in patients with an intellectual impairment is MOST likely caused by:

A)Oral neglect
B)Genetic defects
C)Abnormal oral musculature
D)Swallowing problems

Question 9

Antibiotic premedication prior to invasive dental services is often required for clients with all of the following conditions EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Sickle cell anemia
B)Kidney transplantation
C)Hip replacement
D)Heart murmur

Question 10

Which of the following is a common oral finding in persons who are addicted to methamphetamine?

A)Rapid gingival recession
B)Rampant cervical caries
C)Leukoplakia
D)Increased rate of occlusal caries

Question 11

Failure of the liquid in the eye to drain resulting in increased pressure and optic nerve destruction defines:

A)Cataract
B)Retrolental fibroplasia
C)Retinitis pigmentosa
D)Glaucoma

Question 12

An autoimmune neuromuscular disease characterized by muscle weakness caused by problems with nerve transmission describes:

A)Muscular dystrophy
B)Myasthenia gravis
C)Parkinson's disease
D)Arthritis

Question 13

A client with diabetes with a glycated hemoglobin assay (HbA1c) test value of 9% means that his or her diabetes is:

A)Well controlled
B)Slightly under control
C)Moderately controlled
D)Uncontrolled

Question 14

The type of seizure where consciousness begins and ends abruptly in 5 to 30 seconds followed by a quick resuming of activities describes:

A)Simple seizure
B)Tonic clonic (grand mal) seizure
C)Absence (petite mal) seizure
D)Complex-focal seizure

Question 15

To be in compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, all doorways in a dental office must be:

A)32 inches wide
B)Affixed with a lever-type handle
C)8 feet tall
D)Posted for disability access

Question 16

A client's blood pressure reading is 140/90 mm Hg. The dental hygienist should inform the patient that this reading indicates:

A)Normal blood pressure
B)Prehypertension
C)Stage 1 hypertension
D)Stage 2 hypertension

Question 17

A client with a spinal cord injury at the level of C-6 would be a quadriplegic. Power scaling devices are CONTRAINDICATED for clients with paralysis.

A)The first statement is TRUE; the second is FALSE
B)The first statement is FALSE; the second is TRUE
C)Both statements are TRUE
D)Both statements are FALSE

Question 18

Clients with diabetes are CONTRAINDICATED for dental implants, since the implantation of foreign bodies is commonly rejected in persons with diabetes.

A)The first part of the statement is TRUE; the second part is FALSE
B)The first part of the statement is FALSE; the second part is TRUE
C)Both parts of the statement are TRUE
D)Both parts of the statement are FALSE

Question 19

Each of the following is a common oral manifestation of end-stage renal disease EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Glossitis
B)Petechia
C)Urea in saliva
D)Ground glass appearance of alveolar bone

Question 20

A. supine position during dental hygiene treatment is CONTRAINDICATED in clients with:

A)Multiple sclerosis
B)Congestive heart disease
C)Intellectual impairments
D)Cleft palate

Question 21

Which of the following patient conditions would require antibiotic premedication for invasive dental hygiene procedures?

A)Mitral valve prolapse
B)Stent placement
C)Functional heart murmur
D)Valvular prosthesis

Question 22

Clients over age 60 who smoke are the fastest growing segment of the oral cancer population. Human papilloma virus 16 (HPV 16) is responsible for the increased risk for oral cancer especially in the tonsillar area.

A)The first statement is TRUE; the second is FALSE
B)The first statement is FALSE; the second is TRUE
C)Both statements are TRUE
D)Both statements are FALSE

Question 23

Angle's classification of malocclusion commonly found in clients with Down syndrome is:

A)Class I
B)Class II, division one
C)Class II, division two
D)Class III

Question 24

Antibiotic premedication is commonly needed in clients with Down syndrome because of the high incidence of:

A)Congenital heart valve defects
B)Obstructive airway problems
C)Impaired leukocyte function
D)Chromosomal abnormalities

Question 25

A power scaling instrument would be contrain?dicated in clients with:

A)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
B)Epilepsy
C)Cystic fibrosis
D)Hypertensive disease

Question 26

Each of the following conditions is associated with paralysis EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Bell's palsy
B)Graves' disease
C)Stroke
D)Spinal cord compression

Question 27

Each of the following is important to teach a caregiver about oral home care for a special care client EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Tongue blades taped together can make a safe at-home mouth prop
B)Toothpaste with fluoride always should be a part of the home care regimen
C)Only attempt to teach flossing if toothbrushing can be mastered
D)Caregivers' legs can be placed over the arms of a child to restrain long enough for oral home care

Question 28

What client condition places him or her at risk for dental erosion?

A)Hypertension
B)GERD
C)Hyperlipidemia
D)End-stage renal disease

Question 29

Local anesthestic agents with epinephrine are contraindicated on this client because clients with hypertension cannot adequately metabolize anesthetic agents.

A)The statement is CORRECT, but the reason is INCORRECT
B)Both the statement and the reason are CORRECT
C)Both the statement and the reason are INCORRECT
D)The statement is INCORRECT, but the reason is CORRECT

Question 30

Which of the client's conditions is a degenera?tive disorder of the central nervous system that often impairs motor skills, speech, and postural stability?

A)Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
B)Hyperlipidemia
C)Parkinson's disease
D)Hypertension

Question 31

All of the following oral conditions are common in clients with cerebral palsy EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?

A)Open bite
B)Facial asymmetry
C)Nerve paralysis
D)Swallowing problems

Question 32

Which of the following contributing factors is the MOST likely reason for the condition of this client's gingiva?

A)Smoking
B)Medications
C)Poor self-care
D)Vitamin deficiency

Question 33

The arrow in the mandibular right premolar radiograph is indicating the:

A)Mandibular canal
B)Internal oblique ridge
C)Genial tubercles
D)Hamular notch

Question 34

The raised hard asymptomatic area in the mandibular area on the photograph visible by the arrow is MOST likely a(an):

A)Fistula
B)Exostosis
C)Pyogenic granuloma
D)Cementoma

Question 35

In which of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status Classifications would you place this client?

A)I
B)II
C)III
D)IV

Question 36

Delayed and abnormal tooth eruption patterns are common in clients with Down syndrome. The lips are thin, and the tongue is very small, and this contributes to the delayed eruption of teeth.

A)The first statement is TRUE; the second is FALSE
B)The first statement is FALSE; the second is TRUE
C)Both statements are TRUE
D)Both statements are FALSE

Question 37

Which of the following professional fluoride treatments would be BEST for a special-care child client?

A)Paint on stannous fluoride
B)Sodium fluoride varnish
C)Acidulated phosphate fluoride gel
D)Sodium fluoride foam

Question 38

Elective dental treatment should be postponed until ___ months after a stroke.

A)1
B)2
C)4
D)6

Question 39

The technique error associated with the left molar bitewing could be corrected by changing the:

A)Film holder
B)Position of the film packet
C)Vertical angulation
D)Beam indicating device alignment

Question 40

The MOST common location of oral cancer is the:

A)Floor of the mouth
B)Lateral border of the tongue
C)Lip
D)Pharynx

Question 41

Which of the following instrument would work BEST for supragingival calculus removal in this client?

A)H6/H7 sickle scaler
B)Beaver-tail ultrasonic scaling tip
C)Straight slim-line ultrasonic scaling tip
D)Universal curved ultrasonic scaling tip

Question 42

The technique error associated with the right maxillary canine radiograph can be attributed to improper:

A)BID alignment
B)Placement of film holding device
C)Horizontal angulation
D)Placement of film packet

Question 43

Which tooth shows radiographic signs of a periapical lesion?

A)#3
B)#14
C)#17
D)#30

Question 44

Which of the following BEST describes the area by the arrow in the panoramic radiograph?

A)Unerupted third molar
B)Odontoma
C)Supernumerary tooth
D)Fibrous dysplasia

Question 45

Which of the following describes the client's periodontal condition?

A)Gingivitis
B)Chronic periodontitis
C)Generalized aggressive periodontitis
D)Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

Question 46

What is the MOST likely explanation for the white areas on occlusal surfaces of teeth #30 and #31?

A)Sealants
B)Composite restoration
C)Calculus
D)Decalcification

Question 47

Tegretol is being used to treat:

A)Anxiety
B)Seizures
C)Hypertension
D)Artificial mitral valve

Question 48

All of the following could safely be used un the client EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Air polishing with sodium bicarbonate
B)Electric pulp testing
C)Engine polishing with calcium carbonate
D)Air polishing with aluminum trihydroxide

Question 49

Each of the following should be considered when treating this client EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A)Removal of his hearing aids before ultrasonic scaling
B)Show-tell-do approach to self-care instruction
C)Powered toothbrush instructions
D)Explanation of the role of biofilm in oral disease

Question 50

Which of the following premedication regimens would be recommended for this client?

A)None
B)2.0 g of amoxicillin
C)2.0 g of ampicillin
D)600 mg of clindamycin