Deck 13: Alterations in Oxygen Transport

Question 1

Mature reticulocytes have no mitochondria.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The primary source of erythropoietin is the

A) bone marrow.
B) kidney.
C) lung.
D) liver.

Answer 2

kidney.

Question 3

Most carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream as

A) carboxyhemoglobin.
B) bicarbonate ion.
C) dissolved carbon dioxide.
D) carbonic acid.

Answer 3

bicarbonate ion.

Question 4

The reticulocyte count is increased after acute blood loss.

Question 5

Approximately 45% of the blood is composed of cells, and 55% is plasma.

Question 6

Which of the following is indicative of hemolytic anemia?

A) Increased total iron-binding capacity
B) Increased heart rate
C) Hypovolemia
D) Jaundice

Question 7

A low mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) are characteristic of which type of anemia?

A) Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency
B) Folate deficiency
C) Iron deficiency
D) Erythropoietin deficiency

Question 8

Red blood cells normally survive 3 to 4 months in the circulation.

Question 9

The common form of hemoglobin contained in adult red blood cells is formed by two $\alpha$ chains and two $\gamma$ chains.

Question 10

Which of the following conditions is associated with a "shift to the right" of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

A) Acidemia
B) Alkalemia
C) Hypothermia
D) Low blood PCO₂

Question 11

The arterial oxygen content (CaO₂) for a patient with PaO₂ 100 mm Hg, SaO₂ 95%, and hemoglobin 15 g/dl would be _____ ml oxygen/dl.

A) 19.4
B) 1909.8
C) 210
D) 21.05

Question 12

Red blood cells differ from other cell types in the body because they

A) contain cytoplasmic proteins.
B) have no cytoplasmic organelles.
C) have a longer life span.
D) contain glycolytic enzymes.

Question 13

Acidemia increases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.

Question 14

Which of the following is necessary for red blood cell production?

A) Phosphate
B) Iron
C) Magnesium
D) Calcium

Question 15

Red blood cell production in the bone marrow is inhibited by hypoxemia.

Question 16

An increase in hemoglobin affinity for oxygen occurs with

A) hyperthermia.
B) acidosis.
C) elevated PCO₂.
D) alkalosis.

Question 17

When fully saturated, a hemoglobin molecule carries two oxygen molecules.

Question 18

Which of the following conditions is associated with an elevated reticulocyte count?

A) Renal disease
B) Aplastic anemia
C) Hypertension
D) Hemolytic anemia

Question 19

The normal oxygen content of arterial blood is about 20 ml/dl.

Question 20

A reticulocyte is an immature erythrocyte.

Question 21

Thalassemia may be confused with iron-deficiency anemia because they are both

A) hyperchromic.
B) microcytic.
C) genetic.
D) responsive to iron therapy.

Question 22

Red blood cells obtain nearly all of their energy from metabolism of

A) glucose.
B) fats.
C) proteins.
D) acetyl coenzyme A.

Question 23

The most appropriate treatment for secondary polycythemia is

A) volume expansion with saline.
B) measures to improve oxygenation.
C) phlebotomy.
D) chemotherapy.

Question 24

The most effective therapy for anemia associated with kidney failure is

A) iron administration.
B) high-protein diet.
C) erythropoietin administration.
D) vitamin B₁₂ and folate administration.

Question 25

A laboratory test that would be helpful in confirming the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia is

A) elevated total iron-binding capacity.
B) elevated MCHC and MCV.
C) elevated total and indirect bilirubin.
D) positive direct or indirect Coombs test.

Question 26

The most common cause of anemia is

A) acute bleeding.
B) iron deficiency.
C) protein malnutrition.
D) chronic disease.

Question 27

Which of the following laboratory findings would usually be found in aplastic anemia?

A) Leukocytosis
B) Thrombocythemia
C) Neutrophilia
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 28

Excessive red cell lysis can be detected by measuring serum

A) hemoglobin.
B) methemoglobin.
C) bilirubin.
D) erythropoietin.

Question 29

Patients who experience anemic episodes when exposed to certain drugs probably have

A) thalassemia.
B) spherocytosis.
C) sickle cell anemia.
D) glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.

Question 30

Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of

A) iron.
B) intrinsic factor.
C) folate.
D) erythropoietin.