Science and Mathematics for Engineering 6th Edition by John Bird

Exercise 5

Evaluate: (a) $\frac { 2 ^ { 3 } \times 2 \times 2 ^ { 2 } } { 2 ^ { 4 } }$
(b) $\frac { \left( 2 ^ { 3 } \times 16 \right) ^ { 2 } } { ( 8 \times 2 ) ^ { 3 } }$
(c) $\left( \frac { 1 } { 4 ^ { 2 } } \right) ^ { - 1 }$