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Clinical Laboratory Hematology 3rd Edition by Shirlyn McKenzie, Lynne Williams
Edition 3ISBN: 978-0133076011Clinical Laboratory Hematology 3rd Edition by Shirlyn McKenzie, Lynne Williams
Edition 3ISBN: 978-0133076011 Exercise 1
What cellular component of blood can be involved in disorders of hemostasis?
Explanation
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The term Hemostasis comes from the Greek roots, heme referring to blood and stasis referring to halt. It is the stoppage of bleeding through the injured blood vessels or the tissue. It is the inbuilt property of the circulatory system that maintains the blood in liquid form within the blood vessels.
Hemostasis occurs in the following two stages:
1. Primary hemostasis : It involves formation of blood clot. The smooth muscles of blood vessels contract at the site of injury and exposed collagen protein attracts platelets.
2. Secondary hemostasis: Platelets release chemicals that make other platelets sticky with the help of coagulation factors, calcium ions, and vitamin K form prothrombin activator. This prothrombin activator cleaves prothrombin to generate thrombin which further induces the generation of fibrin from fibrinogen. Fibrin forms a mesh that traps RBCs and platelets forming the clot.
3. Fibrinolysis - At last when the vessel is repaired, dissolution of clot takes place. This ensures the normal blood flow by means of plasmin that split fibrin into fibrin degradation product (FDP) that is swept away in circulation.
Decrease in any of these factors (platelets, coagulation protein, calcium and vitamin K) can cause upset in the stages of hemostasis. This can further result in excessive bleeding or abnormal clotting of blood (thrombosis- platelet plug at the site other than injury). Platelet is the main cellular component of blood involved in disorder of hemostasis.
Hemostasis occurs in the following two stages:
1. Primary hemostasis : It involves formation of blood clot. The smooth muscles of blood vessels contract at the site of injury and exposed collagen protein attracts platelets.
2. Secondary hemostasis: Platelets release chemicals that make other platelets sticky with the help of coagulation factors, calcium ions, and vitamin K form prothrombin activator. This prothrombin activator cleaves prothrombin to generate thrombin which further induces the generation of fibrin from fibrinogen. Fibrin forms a mesh that traps RBCs and platelets forming the clot.
3. Fibrinolysis - At last when the vessel is repaired, dissolution of clot takes place. This ensures the normal blood flow by means of plasmin that split fibrin into fibrin degradation product (FDP) that is swept away in circulation.
Decrease in any of these factors (platelets, coagulation protein, calcium and vitamin K) can cause upset in the stages of hemostasis. This can further result in excessive bleeding or abnormal clotting of blood (thrombosis- platelet plug at the site other than injury). Platelet is the main cellular component of blood involved in disorder of hemostasis.
Clinical Laboratory Hematology 3rd Edition by Shirlyn McKenzie, Lynne Williams
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