Biology 3rd Edition by Peter Russell, Paul Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Exercise 2

The pH of human stomach acid ranges from 1.0 tO₃.0, whereas a healthy esophagus has a pH of approximately 7.0.In gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)often called acid reflux, stomach acid flows backward from the stomach into the esophagus.Repeated episodes in which esophageal pH goes below 4.0, considered clinical acid reflux, can result in bleeding ulcers and damage to the esophageal lining.The data in the Figure, from a patient with GERD, show esophageal pH during a sleeping reflux event. 11eb5caa_27f5_38c4_9f04_83b7ec4fc0ba
What is the molar concentration of H + and OH - ions: (a) during sleep after the reflux event; and (b) during the peak of the reflux event? Be sure to include the correct concentration units in your answer.