Biology 3rd Edition by Peter Russell, Paul Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Exercise 3

The pH of human stomach acid ranges from 1.0 tO₃.0, whereas a healthy esophagus has a pH of approximately 7.0.In gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)often called acid reflux, stomach acid flows backward from the stomach into the esophagus.Repeated episodes in which esophageal pH goes below 4.0, considered clinical acid reflux, can result in bleeding ulcers and damage to the esophageal lining.The data in the Figure, from a patient with GERD, show esophageal pH during a sleeping reflux event. 11eb5caa_27f6_2331_9f04_4dc6f4a0b013
What is the change in concentration of H + and OH - during the peak of the reflux attack compared to the clinical value of acid reflux? Be sure to include the correct concentration units in your answer.