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Essentials of Criminal Justice 9th Edition by Larry Siegel ,John Worrall
Edition 9ISBN: 978-1285441528Essentials of Criminal Justice 9th Edition by Larry Siegel ,John Worrall
Edition 9ISBN: 978-1285441528 Exercise 2
Is Waiver Effective?
In all the debate surrounding transfers of juvenile offenders to adult or criminal court, one of the most important issues is whether transfers are effective in reducing crime rates. Are juvenile offenders who are transferred to and convicted in adult court less likely to recidivate than similar youths who are convicted in juvenile court? To answer this questions, the Task Force on Community Preventive Services, an independent group that receives support from the US Department of Health and Human Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, conducted the first comprehensive, methodologically rigorous systematic review of studies measuring the effects of transfer laws and policies on crime rates. Not one of the studies found that transfers produced lower violent crime rates. In fact, four of the studies found a harmful effect- that is, juveniles transferred to adult court had higher violent rearrest rates than their counterparts who were retained in juvenile court. For these four studies, rearrest rates for the transferred juveniles were between 27 and 77 percent higher than rates for the nontransferred juveniles.
The authors of the review reported that these studies found harmful effects for total crime rates as well. On the matter of a general deterrent effect of transfers, less could be said. The task force concluded that there was insufficient evidence at present to make a determination on the effectiveness of transfer laws and policies in reducing juvenile violence generally. Based on the overall findings, the task force concluded that transferring juvenile offenders to the adult system is "counterproductive for the purpose of reducing juvenile delinquency and enhancing public safety." The task force did not go so far as to recommend that states repeal their transfer laws and discontinue the practice of transfers altogether, possibly because of the inconsistent results found for general deterrent effects.
CRITICAL THINKING
Why is the evidence equivocal about the effectiveness of juvenile waivers?
In all the debate surrounding transfers of juvenile offenders to adult or criminal court, one of the most important issues is whether transfers are effective in reducing crime rates. Are juvenile offenders who are transferred to and convicted in adult court less likely to recidivate than similar youths who are convicted in juvenile court? To answer this questions, the Task Force on Community Preventive Services, an independent group that receives support from the US Department of Health and Human Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, conducted the first comprehensive, methodologically rigorous systematic review of studies measuring the effects of transfer laws and policies on crime rates. Not one of the studies found that transfers produced lower violent crime rates. In fact, four of the studies found a harmful effect- that is, juveniles transferred to adult court had higher violent rearrest rates than their counterparts who were retained in juvenile court. For these four studies, rearrest rates for the transferred juveniles were between 27 and 77 percent higher than rates for the nontransferred juveniles.
The authors of the review reported that these studies found harmful effects for total crime rates as well. On the matter of a general deterrent effect of transfers, less could be said. The task force concluded that there was insufficient evidence at present to make a determination on the effectiveness of transfer laws and policies in reducing juvenile violence generally. Based on the overall findings, the task force concluded that transferring juvenile offenders to the adult system is "counterproductive for the purpose of reducing juvenile delinquency and enhancing public safety." The task force did not go so far as to recommend that states repeal their transfer laws and discontinue the practice of transfers altogether, possibly because of the inconsistent results found for general deterrent effects.
CRITICAL THINKING
Why is the evidence equivocal about the effectiveness of juvenile waivers?
Explanation
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Juvenile court:
A court's jurisdiction ...
Essentials of Criminal Justice 9th Edition by Larry Siegel ,John Worrall
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