The Essentials of Statistics 3rd Edition by Joseph Healey

Exercise 2

For problems 12.1 to 12.9 and 12.14, calculate percentages for the bivariate tables. Use the percentages to help analyze the strength and direction of the association.
Compute gamma for the table presented in problem 11.1 and reproduced below. Compare gamma with the nominal measure of association you computed in Chapter 11. Are they similar in value? Do they characterize the strength for the association in the same way? What information about the relationship does gamma provide that is not available from nominal measures of association?

Problem 11.1: PA: Various supervisors in the city government of Shinbone, Kansas, have been rated on the extent to which they practice authoritarian styles of leadership and decision making. The efficiency of each department has also been rated, and the results are summarized in the following table. Use column percentages, the maximum difference, and measures of association to describe the strength and pattern of this association.