A Visual Approach to SPSS for Windows 2nd Edition by Leonard Stern

Exercise 3

Table 15.3 illustrated the means that are compared by various contrasts that are available in the Univariate procedure of the General Linear Model for marginal means of a factor having three levels. Using arrows show the means that are compared for each contrast in the table below of the factor that has four levels.

Table 15.3 Illustrations of the means that would be compared by various contrasts available in the Univariate procedure of the General Linear Model. The contrasts are pictured as being applied to the marginal means of factor A with three levels that are referred to as a 1 , a 2 , and a 3.