Brunner & Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing 13th Edition by Kerry Cheever, Janice Hinkle

Exercise 3

A 34-year-old patient underwent left knee replacement surgery.He had regionalanesthesia for the surgery and currently has a patent epidural catheter for painmanagement. What types of shock are possible in this patient? What therapy directedat prevention or treatment of shock would you anticipate? Describe the rationale forthe therapies that you have identified.How would you use the patient's history andsymptom presentation to help you identify shock states? Describe likely symptomsand the underlying pathophysiology of the shock state.