Deck 37: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease and Acquired Immunodefiency Syndrome

Question 1

Antiretroviral therapy is recommended for HIV-positive patients with:

A) A history of AIDS-defining illness
B) Pregnant women
C) Hepatitis B co-infection
D) All of the above

Answer 1

All of the above

Question 2

The cost of HIV treatment can be prohibitive for any patient.Patients can receive assistance from the:

A) Best Pharmaceuticals for HIV/AIDS Patient Act
B) Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Modernization Act
C) National Institute of Health HIV/AIDS Assistance Fund
D) Centers for Disease Control HIV/AIDS Treatment Fund

Answer 2

Ryan White HIV/AIDS Treatment Modernization Act

Question 3

Suzanne is pregnant and has tested HIV positive.Which antiretroviral drug should be avoided in women who are pregnant?

A) Lopinavir/r
B) Zidovudine
C) Ritonavir
D) Lopinavir/ritonavir

Answer 3

Lopinavir/r

Question 4

Successful antiretroviral therapy (ART)in an HIV-positive patient is determined by:

A) Being able to stop ART therapy due to HIV virus eradication
B) Lowering HIV viral load to unmeasurable amounts
C) Individual measures of success based on their personal situation
D) Normal blood hematologic factors

Question 5

The goals of treatment when prescribing antiretroviral medication to patients with HIV include:

A) Prevent vertical HIV transmission
B) Improve quality of life
C) Prolong survival
D) All of the above

Question 6

Patients who are taking antiretroviral therapy (ART)need to have the following monitored:

A) Lipid levels
B) Sexual functioning
C) Platelet count
D) All of the above

Question 7

Phenotype assays are used to measure of antiretroviral therapy (ART).

A) Effectiveness
B) Genotype
C) Sensitivity
D) Hypersensitivity susceptibility

Question 8

A challenge faced with antiretroviral therapy (ART)is:

A) Patients abusing ART
B) Drug-resistant mutations of HIV
C) Reduction of transmissibility of HIV
D) Lack of efficacy data

Question 9

Predictors for successful treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART)in HIV-positive patients include:

A) They respond to low potency treatment regimen
B) They have demonstrated resistance in the past and should respond to newer ART drugs
C) The patient is strictly adherent to the ART treatment regimen
D) Lower baseline CD4 T-cell count at baseline

Question 10

Pregnant women who are HIV positive:

A) Are treated with AZT alone to prevent birth defects
B) Are treated with a combination ART regimen
C) Should not be treated with ART due to teratogenicity of the drugs
D) Are at high risk of developing resistance to ART drugs

Question 11

The goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART)in HIV-positive patients is:

A) Maximum suppression of HIV replication
B) Eradication of HIV virus from the body
C) Determining a treatment regimen that is free of adverse effects
D) Suppression of CD4 T-cell count

Question 12

Resistance to antiretroviral therapy (ART)is measured by:

A) Measuring the DNA viral load in the serum
B) Determining plasma viral RNA on two successive measurements
C) Phenotype assays of the combination of ART the patient is on
D) Elevation of T4 counts

Question 13

If considering starting a patient on the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)abacavir,the following testing is recommended prior to prescribing:

A) Renal function
B) HLA B*5701 testing
C) Pancreatic enzyme levels
D) CYP 450 enzyme activity

Question 14

Patient factors that contribute to antiretroviral therapy (ART)failure include:

A) Being a male who has sex with males
B) HIV diagnosis in pregnancy
C) Good compliance with ART treatment regimen
D) ART adverse effects