Deck 16: Psychological Disorders

Question 1

Braden presents at the emergency room experiencing intense symptoms of anxiety that seem to come on suddenly and unexpectedly.When assessed by the psychologist,Braden cannot identify any object or event that triggers his anxiety,nor does he report feeling constantly on edge.In addition he has not been exposed to any life-threatening traumas.Braden most likely has which of the following disorders?

A) post-traumatic stress disorder
B) generalized anxiety disorder
C) panic disorder
D) specific phobia
E) bipolar disorder

Answer 1

panic disorder

Question 2

The "brain chemistry" theory of depression suggests that depression is caused by:

A) an underactivity of norepinephrine,serotonin,and dopamine
B) an overactivity of norepinephrine,serotonin,and dopamine
C) an overactivity of dopamine and an underactivity of serotonin
D) an underactivity of GABA and an overactivity of dopamine
E) an underactivity of GABA

Answer 2

an underactivity of norepinephrine,serotonin,and dopamine

Question 3

Research on the causes of anxiety has demonstrated that:

A) genetic factors may create a vulnerability to anxiety disorders
B) patients with a history of panic attacks show a lower concentration of GABA than controls without a history of panic disorder
C) women exhibit anxiety disorders more often than men do
D) both patients with a history of panic attacks show a lower concentration of GABA than controls without a history of panic disorder AND women exhibit anxiety disorders more often than men do
E) all of these

Answer 3

all of these

Question 4

Which of the following is/are considered an internalizing disorder of childhood?

A) personality disorders
B) oppositional defiant disorder
C) conduct disorder
D) specific phobia
E) all of these

Question 5

Samara is a university student who thinks that there is nothing she can do to get out of her depression.She thinks that her situation is all her fault and that things will always be this way.Samara is demonstrating

A) a depressive attributional pattern.
B) learned helplessness theory.
C) dissociative disorder.
D) the "me" generation.
E) Lewinsohn's behavioural model of depression.

Question 6

Consider the following explanation: early traumatic losses or rejections create vulnerability for later depression by triggering a grieving and rage process that becomes part of the individual's personality.This explanation of depression is most consistent with:

A) Freud's psychodynamic theory
B) Bandura's social learning theory
C) Watson's operant conditioning theory
D) Milgram's punishment theory
E) Stanford's "g" theory of general personality

Question 7

In your psychology lecture,your professor states the following: "I am strongly convinced that maladaptive thought processes cause anxiety disorders.In particular,I believe that anxiety-disordered individuals 'catastrophize' about demands and magnify them into threats." Your professor is most likely a:

A) learning theorist
B) biological theorist
C) psychodynamic theorist
D) cognitive theorist
E) socio-biological theorist

Question 8

Cindy presents to the emergency room of her local hospital complaining of paralysis and lack of sensation in both of her hands.Strangely,Cindy does not appear to be distressed about her symptoms.After examination and extensive tests the doctors are unable to find a physical cause for her symptoms.Given this information,Cindy most likely has:

A) functional neurological symptom disorder
B) hypochondriasis
C) dissociative fugue
D) pain disorder
E) dysthymia

Question 9

Dr.Orla has been retained by a criminal lawyer to assess his client.The client "Sam" is a 29-year-old male who has previously been diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder.Dr.Orla is most likely to DISAGREE with this diagnosis if she determines that "Sam"

A) is charming and intelligent.
B) experiences severe anxiety.
C) is habitually dishonest.
D) has a history of antisocial behavior beginning in childhood.
E) displays a failure to respond to punishment.

Question 10

Bipolar disorder is considered

A) an anxiety disorder.
B) a mood disorder.
C) a unipolar disorder.
D) a psychotic disorder.
E) a dissociative disorder.

Question 11

Erica presents the hospital emergency room with the following symptoms: "free-floating" anxiety,tension,irritability,upset stomach,insomnia,fatigue,and excessive worrying.Given these symptoms,Erica most likely has which of the following disorders?

A) Generalized anxiety disorder
B) Obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) Panic disorder
D) Bipolar disorder
E) Delusional disorder

Question 12

A diagnosis of schizophrenia would be coded on which axis of the DSM-IV-TR diagnostic system classification?

A) Axis I
B) Axis II
C) Axis III
D) Axis IV
E) Axis V

Question 13

According to learning theory,the compulsions associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder:

A) develop as a result of observational learning
B) increase anxiety and are thus maintained through the process of extinction
C) reduce anxiety and are thus maintained through the process of negative reinforcement
D) actually trigger the obsessions
E) are repetitive intrusive thoughts,images,or impulses

Question 14

As was discussed in the textbook,which of the following is FALSE regarding suicide?

A) Suicide attempts are more common in females than in males
B) Suicide tends occur when the individual is most deeply depressed
C) In Canada,approximately 4000 suicides occur annually
D) More males than females die as a result of suicide
E) Suicide rates are higher in those adults who are divorced or widowed

Question 15

Which of the following is not considered to be a somatic symptom of depression?

A) lack of energy
B) hopelessness
C) sleep difficulties
D) loss of appetite
E) weight loss/gain

Question 16

"Negative" symptoms in schizophrenia

A) are typically characteristic of Type I schizophrenia.
B) are typically associated with good functioning prior to hospitalization.
C) include delusions and hallucinations.
D) are typically associated with poor prognosis following treatment.
E) all of these.

Question 17

______________ is a profound dissociative disorder that is typically triggered by stress and often associated with a loss of personal identity.

A) Post-traumatic stress disorder
B) Dissociative fugue
C) Panic disorder
D) Dissociative amnesia
E) Psychotic disorder

Question 18

As discussed in your textbook,which of the following is/are TRUE regarding eating disorders?

A) Genetic factors create a predisposition toward eating disorders.
B) Cultural norms of beauty are thought to contribute the development of eating disorders in North America.
C) Research has demonstrated that individuals with anorexia describe their parents as disapproving with very high standards.
D) Research has demonstrated that individuals with bulimia tend to be depressed,anxious,and lack a stable sense of self-identity.
E) All of these.

Question 19

Louie believes that he is incredibly handsome and charming.He does not show any empathy to others,but has a constant need for admiration from others.Louie's character fits best with

A) dependent personality disorder.
B) schizoid personality disorder.
C) narcissistic personality disorder.
D) borderline personality disorder.
E) histrionic personality disorder.

Question 20

If a diagnostic classification system accurately captures the essential features of the disorders,it is said to have adequate:

A) validity
B) reliability
C) specificity
D) sensitivity
E) accuracy

Question 21

Arnold described himself as very special and complex,and presented in therapy as being very arrogant and lacking empathy.In fact,he was so grandiose that he only agreed to therapy because he felt that the therapist learn something important from working with him.Given these symptoms,Arnold most closely meets the diagnostic criterion for:

A) Dependent personality disorder
B) Narcissistic personality disorder
C) Borderline personality disorder
D) Schizoid borderline personality disorder
E) Histrionic personality disorder

Question 22

According to DSM-5,all of the following are types of anxiety disorders EXCEPT

A) Phobic disorder.
B) Obsessive-compulsive disorder.
C) Generalized anxiety disorders.
D) Panic disorder.
E) All of these are considered to be anxiety disorders in DSM-5.

Question 23

You are a researcher for a major drug company working on schizophrenia.Most likely,any new drug you develop will target

A) serotonin.
B) dopamine.
C) norepinephrine.
D) ACh.
E) GABA.

Question 24

Anderson has schizophrenia.After a series of treatments he was discharged and went home.His schizophrenia was in remission.Which of the following would you be most concerned about as a factor that could cause a possible relapse for Anderson?

A) social drift
B) expressed emotion
C) regression
D) a lack of brain atrophy
E) his continued low level of serotonin

Question 25

P.G.believes that he is the "lord of the realm." He constantly carries a toy sword with him as a symbol of his royalty.P.G.is experiencing

A) an hallucination.
B) a delusion.
C) flat affect.
D) trauma dissociation.
E) a conversion disorder.

Question 26

Individuals with schizophrenia often display disordered attention and perception.These symptoms can be partially explained by the ___________ hypothesis which can affect the thalamus.

A) neurodegenerative
B) regression
C) genetic
D) trauma
E) delusional

Question 27

P.H.suffers from OCD.He has an intense fear of germs and washes his hands 500 times a day.The hand washing would be considered

A) an obsession.
B) a compulsion.
C) a phobic response.
D) a panic attack.
E) a worry response.

Question 28

Joan does not have major depression.However,she does feel down quite a lot and feels miserable most of the time.Quite likely,Joan suffers from

A) bipolar disorder.
B) schizophrenia.
C) narcissistic personality disorder.
D) chronic depressive disorder.
E) SAD

Question 29

J.P has dissociative identity disorder.We would expect that J.P.

A) was a victim of severe sexual or physical abuse
B) has a depleted supply of serotonin
C) has a single unified personality
D) would show delusional thinking
E) actually has an anxiety disorder

Question 30

You are a researcher for a major drug company working on anxiety disorders.Most likely,any new drug you develop will target

A) serotonin.
B) dopamine.
C) norepinephrine.
D) ACh.
E) GABA.

Question 31

Let's say that you are a lawyer and your client,who suffers from schizophrenia,is charged with murder.Your legal arguments will focus on the client's state of mind at the time of the crime and that he should not be held responsible.Your legal argument addresses the concept of

A) competency.
B) insanity.
C) validity.
D) reliability.
E) disordered thinking.