Deck 58: Antibacterials

Question 1

The nurse would monitor which of the following as a priority of care while caring for a client who is receiving intravenous gentamycin (Garamycin)?

A) Peak and trough levels of the drug
B) Hemoglobin
C) Uric acid
D) Partial thromboplastin time

Answer 1

Peak and trough levels of the drug

Question 2

Intravenous gentamicin (Garamycin)is discontinued,and a client is sent home with a prescription for tetracycline.The nurse must tell the client to

A) take the medication until he or she is feeling better.
B) avoid direct sunlight and ultraviolet rays.
C) keep the remainder of the medication in case of recurrence.
D) take the medication with food and milk to minimize gastrointestinal irritation.

Answer 2

avoid direct sunlight and ultraviolet rays.

Question 3

Before starting a client on antibacterial therapy,the nurse should assess which of the following client findings?

A) Any neurologic abnormalities
B) Cardiac history
C) Fluid status
D) Hypersensitivity

Answer 3

Hypersensitivity

Question 4

The nurse would expect to assess which of the following during an allergic reaction to a sulfonamide antibacterial?

A) Pruritus
B) Dysuria
C) Hypertension
D) Diarrhea

Question 5

The nurse recalls that nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)has which of the following properties?

A) Antiinflammatory
B) Antimicrobial
C) Antifungal
D) Antiseptic

Question 6

The nurse anticipates that a client who is allergic to a sulfonamide antibiotic would be at risk for having an allergic response to which of the following classifications of medications?

A) Antipyretics
B) Thiazide diuretics
C) Antihypertensives
D) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

Question 7

The nurse should instruct the client to do which of the following to take oral penicillin appropriately?

A) Take it with a full glass of water
B) Take it on an empty stomach
C) Take it with food
D) Take it with acidic fruit juices

Question 8

The rationale for the administration of prophylactic antibacterial therapy for a client with mitral valve prolapse is to prevent

A) rheumatic fever recurrence.
B) blistering after dental work.
C) superinfections of the oral cavity.
D) subacute bacterial endocarditis.

Question 9

Because of a tendency to cause hypoprothrombinemia,the nurse teaches clients with a bleeding tendency that which of the following types of drugs should be used most cautiously?

A) Penicillins
B) Aminoglycosides
C) Cephalosporins
D) Macrolides

Question 10

The nurse teaches a client that gastrointestinal distress associated with tetracycline may be reduced by which of the following?

A) Taking it with cheese and crackers
B) Sipping milk with each dose
C) Taking an antacid with the drug
D) Drinking a full glass of water with the pill

Question 11

The nurse explains to a new nurse going through orientation that intravenous administration of gentamicin (Garamycin)should optimally occur over a period of 60 minutes or longer to prevent

A) hepatotoxicity.
B) neuromuscular blockade.
C) nephrotoxicity.
D) infiltration.

Question 12

A client is diagnosed with a severe case of salmonella poisoning.The doctor orders chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin).The nurse places highest priority on completing a baseline assessment of which of the following because of the risk of drug toxicity?

A) The kidneys
B) The bone marrow
C) The eyes
D) The liver

Question 13

Which of the following drugs is contraindicated for a client who is receiving erythromycin therapy?

A) Warfarin
B) Digoxin
C) Estrogen-containing contraceptives
D) Tetracyclines

Question 14

The nurse expects which of the following outcomes in a client taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium)?

A) Decreased pain
B) Sterile urine
C) Increased drug levels
D) Fewer urinary tract infections

Question 15

A client is receiving metronidazole (Flagyl).The nurse would give which of the following instructions to the client?

A) "You may have a loss of appetite during the course of therapy."
B) "Make sure to take this pill on an empty stomach."
C) "This medicine may turn your saliva greenish-blue,so don't be alarmed if this occurs."
D) "Please contact your physician if you experience fatigue,unusual bleeding,or bruising."

Question 16

The nurse would not be concerned about which of the following as a potential substance that could lead to a drug-drug interaction with a cephalosporin antibacterial agent?

A) Alcohol
B) Oral anticoagulant
C) Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent
D) Acetaminophen

Question 17

Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate when administering sulfonamides?

A) Encouraging liquids that produce acid urine
B) Eating a diet that leaves an alkaline ash
C) Increasing fluids to at least 3000 mL/day
D) Inserting a Foley catheter after therapy

Question 18

When assessing a client who is taking sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin)and has folate deficiency anemia,which of the following is important to look for?

A) Hypercalcemia
B) Blood dyscrasias
C) Hyperglycemia
D) Hypernatremia

Question 19

The nurse would closely assess the client for which of the following after the client has been receiving a sulfonamide antibacterial drug for 7 to 10 days?

A) Ulcers
B) Leukopenia
C) Tachycardia
D) Miosis

Question 20

The nurse explains to a client that which of the following could occur during a course of drug therapy with nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin)?

A) Severe gastrointestinal upset
B) Increased insomnia
C) Brown-colored urine
D) Elevated temperature

Question 21

The nurse would be most concerned about the development of which of the following in a client receiving tobramycin (Nebcin)?

A) Pain on injection
B) Nausea
C) Hearing loss
D) Confusion

Question 22

The nurse understands that most urinary tract infections that are found in community-acquired infections are caused by

A) serratia.
B) enterobacter.
C) pseudomonas.
D) Escherichia coli.

Question 23

The nurse should encourage intake of which of the following vitamins during antibacterial therapy for a client with a urinary tract infection who does not like cranberry juice?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin B₆
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin E

Question 24

A client has a new prescription for penicillin V potassium to treat an infection.The nurse explains that which of the following is the most common adverse effect of this drug?

A) Acute interstitial nephritis
B) Hemolytic anemia
C) Hypersensitivity reaction
D) Nausea and mild diarrhea

Question 25

A client is being treated with an antibacterial drug for an infection that developed after laceration of the hand with a knife.The nurse would evaluate that the client is having the best response to therapy after noting which of the following findings?

A) Purulent drainage is thinner and whitish in color
B) The surrounding skin is less red
C) The white blood cell count is 9000/mm³
D) The client reports taking acetaminophen for pain twice daily

Question 26

A client who has a new antibacterial drug order needs to take a dose on an empty stomach three times daily.After learning that the client awakens at 7:00 AM each morning and leaves the house at 8:30 AM for work,the nurse plans with the client that the doses should be taken at

A) 7:00 AM,3:00 PM,and 11:00 PM.
B) 8:00 AM,12:00 PM,and 4:00 PM.
C) 8:30 AM,2:30 PM,and 6:30 PM.
D) 9:00 AM,5:00 PM,and 12:00 AM.

Question 27

The nurse would question an order for intravenous penicillin G potassium in a client with which of the following health problems?

A) Hepatitis
B) Renal failure
C) Peptic ulcer
D) Hyponatremia

Question 28

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following health problems who is receiving a cephalosporin antibacterial drug will be at highest risk of developing pseudomembranous colitis?

A) Gastroesophageal reflux disease
B) Regional enteritis (Crohn's disease)
C) Dental caries
D) Swallowing impairment

Question 29

The nurse notes that an assigned client is receiving both vancomycin (Vancocin)and tobramycin (Nebcin).The nurse would pay closest attention to which of the following client laboratory results?

A) Serum creatinine
B) Prothrombin time
C) Serum glucose
D) Serum electrolytes

Question 30

The nurse would assess for which of the following when gathering data about a possible lower urinary tract infection?

A) Pain in the lower back
B) Fever
C) Weakness
D) Urinary urgency

Question 31

The nurse has an order to administer a dose of vancomycin (Vancocin).The nurse should set the intravenous infusion pump so that the drug infuses in no less than how many minutes?

A) 30
B) 60
C) 90
D) 120

Question 32

The nurse needs to schedule a peak and trough drug level with the fourth dose of vancomycin (Vancocin).If the dose is administered at 08:00 and is infused over a 90-minute period,the nurse should arrange with the laboratory for trough and then peak levels at which of the following times?

A) 07:00 and 09:00
B) 07:00 and 09:30
C) 07:30 and 09:15
D) 07:30 and 10:00

Question 33

Which statement would be included by the nurse in a discussion with a client about allergic reaction to an antibacterial?

A) It will only occur after the first dose of medication
B) Any adverse effect of an antibacterial is considered an allergic reaction
C) Administration should stop immediately at the first sign of an allergic reaction
D) Allergic reactions always manifest as urticaria or pruritus

Question 34

The nurse who is monitoring the client receiving sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (Bactrim DS)for treatment of urinary tract infection would encourage fluid intake so that the 24-hour urine output totals at least how many milliliters?

A) 800
B) 1200
C) 1500
D) 2000

Question 35

The nurse anticipates that a client with which of the following infections would be prescribed meropenem (Merrem)?

A) Bacterial meningitis
B) Cellulitis
C) Pneumonia
D) Tooth abscess

Question 36

A client with renal function impairment has an infection that is susceptible to the penicillins.The nurse anticipates that which of the following modifications will be made in drug therapy for this client?

A) Smaller,more frequent doses
B) Larger,less frequent doses
C) Smaller doses
D) No modifications are necessary for this type of drug

Question 37

The nurse would administer the antibacterial drug linezolid (Zyvox)cautiously in a client with which of the following cardiovascular health problems?

A) Thrombophlebitis
B) Aortic stenosis
C) Hypertension
D) Hyperlipidemia

Question 38

A client requires treatment for an infection with pseudomonas.The nurse anticipates that which of the following penicillin antibacterials will be ordered?

A) Carbenicillin (Geocillin)
B) Ampicillin (Polycillin)
C) Nafcillin (Unipen)
D) Cloxacillin (Tegopen)

Question 39

A client will begin antibacterial drug therapy with chloramphenicol (Chloromycetin).The nurse places highest priority on assessing the results of which of the following baseline laboratory studies?

A) Serum electrolytes
B) Serum glucose
C) Activated partial thromboplastin time
D) Complete blood count

Question 40

A client who enjoys drinking socially has been prescribed cefotetan (Cefotan).The nurse explains to the client that alcohol should be avoided for how long?

A) During drug therapy
B) During drug therapy and for 3 days afterward
C) During drug therapy and for 7 days afterward
D) During drug therapy and for 14 days afterward