Deck 36: Child With a Gastrointestinal Condition

Question 1

The pediatric nurse examines a 14-month-old patient for bowel sounds.Which assessment finding is typical for this stage of development?

A) Bowel sounds occur normally every 20 to 25 seconds.
B) Bruits are normally heard upon auscultation.
C) Hypoactive bowel sounds may indicate excessive activity is present.
D) Hyperactive bowel sounds mean rapid movement through the intestines.

Answer 1

Hyperactive bowel sounds mean rapid movement through the intestines.

Question 2

A nurse educator teaches her students about the anatomy of the gastrointestinal system.Which description about the functions of these organs might be discussed?

A) Digestion begins in the lower portion of the gastrointestinal (ascending and descending colon)system.
B) The upper portion of the gastrointestinal system (mouth and esophagus)is responsible for nutrient intake or ingestion.
C) The small intestine transports food to the stomach by the process of peristalsis.
D) The large intestine does the main work of absorption through a system of villi and folds.

Answer 2

The upper portion of the gastrointestinal system (mouth and esophagus)is responsible for nutrient intake or ingestion.

Question 3

A newborn diagnosed with an omphalocele defect is admitted to the intensive care nursery.Which nursing action is appropriate on the basis of the current data?

A) Placing the newborn on a radiant warmer
B) Placing the newborn in an open crib
C) Preparing the newborn for phototherapy
D) Preparing the newborn for a bottle feeding

Answer 3

Placing the newborn on a radiant warmer

Question 4

An adolescent client reports recurrent abdominal pain with diarrhea and bloody stools.Which type of inflammatory bowel disease does the nurse suspect on the basis of these data?

A) Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
B) Ulcerative colitis (UC)
C) Crohn's disease
D) Appendicitis

Question 5

A neonate is born with a bilateral cleft lip that was not detected during the pregnancy.The parents are distressed about the appearance of their infant.Which nursing actions are appropriate to assist the parents in bonding with their newborn? (Select all that apply.)

A) Calling the newborn by the chosen name
B) Keeping the newborn's lower face covered with a blanket
C) Smiling and talking to the newborn in the parents' presence
D) Showing the parents before and after pictures of other children with cleft lips
E) Discussing positive features of the baby

Question 6

A pediatric nurse examines the abdomen of a preschool-aged child brought to the doctor's office by the grandmother because of vomiting over the last several days.Upon inspection,the nurse observes that the child's stomach is distended.On the basis of these data,which condition does the nurse suspect?

A) Intestinal obstruction
B) Kidney failure
C) Displaced abdominal organs
D) Omphalitis

Question 7

Which parental action observed during a home-care visit for an infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux requires intervention by the nurse?

A) The infant's formula has rice cereal added.
B) The mother holds the infant in a high Fowler position while feeding.
C) After feeding,the infant is placed in a car seat.
D) The mother draws up the ranitidine (Zantac)in a syringe for oral administration.

Question 8

Which statements made by the adolescent following dietary teaching for Crohn's disease indicate correct understanding of the content presented by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

A) "I can promote solid stools by increasing fiber in my diet."
B) "Small,frequent meals are preferred over three meals a day."
C) "I should identify foods that cause distress and eliminate them from my diet."
D) "High-calorie dietary supplement shakes can help me meet my nutritional requirements."
E) "Socialization during mealtime is important even if my parents do not agree with my food choices."

Question 9

The nurse is providing care to a newborn client who presents in the pediatric clinic for a 2-week health maintenance visit.The parents of the newborn are concerned because their baby has "gas all the time." Which responses from the nurse are appropriate? (Select all that apply.)

A) "Your baby has a relaxed lower esophageal sphincter,which is causing the gas."
B) "Your baby lacks the enzyme amylase,which is causing the gas."
C) "Your baby lacks the enzyme insulin,which is causing the gas."
D) "Your baby has an immature liver,which is causing the gas."
E) "Your baby lacks an enzyme that helps to digest fats,which is causing the gas."

Question 10

The pediatric nurse examines a 5-week-old infant who has been observed having projectile,nonbilious vomiting.Upon palpation,the nurse feels an olive-shaped mass in the midepigastrium.On the basis of these data,which condition does the nurse suspect?

A) Rectal atresia
B) Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
C) Intussusception
D) Malrotation of the intestine

Question 11

Which gastrointestinal defects often diagnosed shortly after birth should the nurse include in the assessment process of all newborns? (Select all that apply.)

A) Pyloric stenosis
B) Biliary atresia
C) Hirschsprung's disease
D) Crohn's disease
E) Cleft palate

Question 12

Which assessment data cause the nurse to suspect that a 3-year-old child has Hirschsprung's disease?

A) Clay-colored stools and dark urine
B) History of early passage of meconium in the newborn period
C) History of chronic,progressive constipation and failure to gain weight
D) Continual bouts of foul-smelling diarrhea

Question 13

The nurse is assessing abdominal girth for a pediatric client who presents with vomiting.Which nursing action is appropriate?

A) Measuring the girth just below the umbilicus
B) Measuring the girth just below the sternum
C) Measuring the girth just above the pubic bone
D) Measuring the girth around the portion of the stomach

Question 14

Which parental statement at the end of a teaching session by the nurse indicates correct understanding of colostomy stoma care for the infant client?

A) "We will change the colostomy bag with each wet diaper."
B) "We will expect a moderate amount of bleeding after cleansing the area around the stoma."
C) "We will watch for skin irritation around the stoma."
D) "We will use adhesive enhancers when we change the bag."

Question 15

A pediatric nurse discusses with the parents medications prescribed for a school-aged child who is diagnosed with Crohn's disease.Which are usual pharmacological options for treatment?

A) Antidiarrheal drugs
B) Antianxiety drugs
C) Diuretic drugs
D) Cardiac drugs

Question 16

An adolescent who is brought to the emergency department (ED)by his parents has the following symptoms: periumbilical pain that peaks at 4-hour intervals followed by right lower quadrant pain,which is followed by vomiting.On the basis of these data,which condition does the nurse suspect?

A) Meckel's diverticulum
B) Omphalitis
C) Appendicitis
D) Ulcerative colitis

Question 17

The nurse is preparing to discharge a child diagnosed with Hirschsprung's disease from the hospital.Which topic is appropriate for the nurse to include in the discharge teaching with the child's parents?

A) The foods to avoid because of increased risk for allergic reactions
B) The importance of eliminating dairy products
C) The care required for a temporary colostomy
D) Home administration of total parental nutrition (TPN)and lipids

Question 18

The pediatric nurse understands how each developmental stage contributes to the promotion of the health of the child.Which is a normal developmental attribute of the digestive system of the infant?

A) The infant has a built-in safeguard to prevent choking while swallowing and sucking.
B) The passage from mouth to pharynx is larger to allow more liquid to be swallowed.
C) The infant's stomach usually empties in 5 to 6 hours,necessitating frequent feedings.
D) The liver and pancreas are not mature until 12 months,which limits solid food intake.

Question 19

The nurse is providing care to a pediatric client diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease who is prescribed daily prednisone.Which parental statement regarding administration of this drug indicates correct understanding of the teaching provided by the nurse?

A) "I will administer this medication between meals."
B) "I will administer this medication at bedtime."
C) "I will administer this medication 1 hour before meals."
D) "I will administer this medication with meals."

Question 20

The pediatric nurse is interpreting laboratory values for a patient suspected of having ulcerative colitis.Which finding does the nurse anticipate on the basis of the diagnosis?

A) Microcytic anemia
B) Decreased sedimentation rate
C) Decreased white blood cell count
D) Protein in the urine