Deck 33: Child With a Cardiac Condition

Question 1

An infant with Down's syndrome is diagnosed with a heart condition.The parents state,"The doctor says our baby has a large hole in the center of his heart." Which congenital heart condition does the nurse suspect?

A) Pulmonary atresia
B) Pulmonic valve stenosis
C) Ventricular septal defect
D) Atrioventricular canal defect

Answer 1

Atrioventricular canal defect

Question 2

An infant who is diagnosed with a mild heart defect will not have surgical correction for at least 2 years.Which information should the nurse include in the discharge teaching regarding management in the home environment?

A) "Your child is not at risk for congestive heart failure."
B) "It is important for your child to maintain normal activity."
C) "It is important to avoid antipyretics for the treatment of fever."
D) "Your child will have a low-grade fever until the defect is repaired."

Answer 2

"It is important for your child to maintain normal activity."

Question 3

Which cardiac condition should the nurse suspect for a neonate who is experiencing a pressure gradient between the arms and legs when blood pressure is assessed?

A) Tricuspid atresia
B) Conal truncal defects
C) Coarctation of the aorta (CoA)
D) Transposition of the great arteries

Answer 3

Coarctation of the aorta (CoA)

Question 4

The nurse is providing care to an infant who presents with a fever,rash,and red eyes and lips,along with hand and feet edema.Which cardiac disease process does the nurse suspect?

A) Cardiomyopathy
B) Rheumatic fever
C) Kawasaki's disease
D) Congestive heart failure

Question 5

Which assessment finding indicates adequate peripheral perfusion for a child after a cardiac catheterization?

A) Capillary refill is greater than 3 seconds.
B) Sensation is decreased,with a weakened dorsalis pedis pulse.
C) Dorsalis pedis pulse is palpable,but posterior tibial pulse is weak.
D) Lower extremities are warm,with a capillary refill of less than 3 seconds.

Question 6

Which laboratory test does the nurse anticipate for a child who is admitted to the hospital with suspected rheumatic fever?

A) Throat culture
B) C-reactive protein
C) Antistreptolysin-O (ASO)titer
D) Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Question 7

Which defects of the heart should the nurse include in the educational session for parents of a newborn diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot? (Select all that apply.)

A) Overriding aorta
B) Ventral septal defect
C) Hypertrophic right ventricle
D) Pulmonary stenosis or atresia
E) Transposition of the great vessels

Question 8

A toddler is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin)for cardiac failure.Which should the nurse instruct the toddler's parents to monitor for as a manifestation associated with digoxin toxicity?

A) Ataxia
B) Tinnitus
C) Bradycardia
D) Hypotension

Question 9

On the basis of cultural background,which reaction should the nurse anticipate when providing care to the family of a Hispanic newborn diagnosed with a congenital heart defect?

A) Refusing pain medication containing opioids
B) Initiating polite and modest interactions with providers
C) Believing that the baby's condition is related to wrongdoing
D) Requesting extra time for rituals prior to medical procedures

Question 10

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 7-year-old child information related to appropriate heart rate and blood pressure readings for their child.Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)

A) Heart rate of 60 to 95 beats per minute
B) Heart rate of 65 to 110 beats per minute
C) Systolic pressure range of 100 to 120 mm Hg
D) Diastolic pressure range of 60 to 75 mm Hg
E) Blood pressure of 95 to 110/60 to 75 mm Hg

Question 11

Which heart valve connects the right atrium to the right ventricle and is composed of "doors" that open to allow blood flow into the adjoining chamber and shut to prevent backflow?

A) Mitral valve
B) Aortic valve
C) Tricuspid valve
D) Pulmonary valve

Question 12

Which clinical manifestations does the nurse anticipate for a pediatric client who is diagnosed with Kawasaki's disease? (Select all that apply.)

A) Diarrhea
B) Joint pain
C) Thrombocytosis
D) Swollen lymph nodes
E) High fever for 1 day

Question 13

A 2-month-old infant with a congenital heart defect is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit with congestive heart failure (CHF).Which intervention should the nurse include in the infant's plan of care?

A) Forcing fluids appropriate for age
B) Monitoring respirations during active periods
C) Giving larger feedings less often to conserve energy
D) Organizing activities to allow for uninterrupted sleep

Question 14

Which clinical manifestation does the nurse anticipate for a pediatric patient who is admitted with CHF?

A) Bradycardia
B) Tachycardia
C) Weight loss
D) Hypertension

Question 15

Which statement accurately describes the structures of the heart?

A) The right atrium is a reservoir,or collecting chamber,for the peripheral venous return.
B) The left ventricle receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the lungs via the pulmonary artery.
C) The right ventricle receives blood from the left atrium and pumps it into the systemic circulation via the aorta.
D) The left atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the entire body (except the lungs)through the superior and inferior venae cavae with an approximate saturation of 100%.

Question 16

Which nursing action is appropriate when providing care to a school-aged patient who is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization?

A) Explaining to the parent that this noninvasive procedure has few risks
B) Monitoring vital signs pre- and postprocedure
C) Prescribing pain medication if tachycardia occurs
D) Monitoring temperature postprocedure only

Question 17

The nurse is preparing a teaching session for an infant who is diagnosed with bradycardia.Which topic should the nurse review prior to conducting the session?

A) Atrial flutter
B) Atrial fibrillation
C) Junctional rhythms
D) Bundle branch block

Question 18

Which teaching point should the nurse include in the discharge instructions for a pediatric patient recovering from subacute bacterial endocarditis (SBE)?

A) Should not receive routine immunizations
B) Should be restricted from most play activities
C) Fever is expected for several weeks following infection.
D) Prophylactic antibiotics are required for any dental,oral,or upper respiratory tract procedures.

Question 19

Which nursing actions are appropriate when providing care to an infant diagnosed with tetralogy of Fallot who is having a "tet" spell? (Select all that apply.)

A) Administering oxygen
B) Drawing blood for a serum hemoglobin
C) Placing the child in knee-chest position
D) Administering diphenhydramine (Benadryl)as ordered
E) Administering IV morphine per prescriber's order

Question 20

Which parental statement regarding the use of Cyclosporin A after a heart transplant indicates correct understanding of the information presented by the nurse?

A) "This medication is used to treat infections."
B) "This medication is used to prevent rejection."
C) "This medication is used to treat hypertension."
D) "This medication is used to reduce serum cholesterol level."