Deck 30: Hematologic Disorders

Question 1

What happens to the sickle-shaped red blood cells during a sickle cell crisis?

A) Rupture
B) Production of hemoglobin S
C) Interference with blood production
D) Obstruction of major arteries

Answer 1

Obstruction of major arteries

Question 2

What should a nurse be careful to observe for when assessing a patient with thrombocytopenia?

A) Distended neck veins and skin discoloration
B) Discoloration of the nails and sclera
C) Petechiae on the skin and bleeding gums
D) Enlarged thyroid gland and excitability

Answer 2

Petechiae on the skin and bleeding gums

Question 3

What should be a major focus in a teaching plan for a teenager with sickle cell anemia?

A) Limit tobacco use to no more than two cigarettes a day.
B) Eat foods high in iron and vitamin B.
C) Maintain environmental temperature at 65 $\degree$ F to 68 $\degree$ F.
D) Maintain adequate hydration.

Answer 3

Maintain adequate hydration.

Question 4

A nurse is caring for a patient who is having radiation treatment for cancer.How many days after the start of radiation should the nurse know that the threat of thrombocytopenia exists?

A) 2
B) 5
C) 9
D) 12

Question 5

At the end of a shift, a nurse documents the effectiveness of parent teaching concerning the transmission of hemophilia.Which statement by the mother would best indicate an accurate parental perception?

A) "Hemophilia is a genetic disorder, and I am a carrier, although I do not have the disease."
B) "My son developed hemophilia because I had measles while I was pregnant."
C) "Because my husband isn't affected by the disease, our daughter will not be a carrier."
D) "I know it is not necessary to have my two daughters tested for the disease."

Question 6

A 35-year-old man is examined in an urgent care clinic.His presenting symptoms suggest polycythemia vera.Which extreme laboratory value would confirm this possible diagnosis?

A) High hemoglobin level
B) Low white cell count
C) Low platelet count
D) High iron level

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a patient with hemophilia who is experiencing a bleeding episode.Which intervention(s)should the nurse anticipate implementing? (Select all that apply.)

A) Providing intravenous morphine for pain relief
B) Administering rectal suppositories
C) Activities ad lib
D) Administering aspirin
E) Prepare for transfusion

Question 8

A 3-year-old African-American child is diagnosed with sickle cell anemia.The parents know that sickle cell anemia is hereditary but do not understand why their child has the disease because neither of them has it.What is the most accurate information to provide?

A) At least one of the parents has to have the disease.
B) Only one parent has to have the disease or the trait.
C) Someone in previous generations had the disease.
D) Both parents were carriers of the sickle cell trait.

Question 9

Which foods should a nurse include in a nutrition teaching plan for a patient with iron deficiency anemia?

A) Beans and dried fruit
B) Apples and white rice
C) Yogurt and cooked carrots
D) Yellow squash and tortillas

Question 10

A nurse caring for a patient with crushing injuries from an automobile accident notes that the patient is bleeding profusely from the nose, mouth, and rectum, as well as from the injuries.What should the nurse suspect as the cause of this patient's bleeding?

A) Hemophilia
B) Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
C) Leukemia
D) Thrombocytopenia

Question 11

What is the rationale for administering injections of vitamin B₁₂ to patients with pernicious anemia?

A) The patient's body does not normally manufacture enough vitamin B₁₂.
B) The patient may lack the intrinsic factor necessary for vitamin B₁₂ absorption.
C) Vitamin B₁₂ is found in very small quantities in the patient's body.
D) Vitamin B₁₂ is a mineral necessary to aid in the formation of strong bones.

Question 12

______ is a condition in which too many RBCs are produced.

Question 13

A child with sickle cell anemia is prescribed the drug hydroxyurea.What effect from the drug should the patient expect to have?

A) Increase energy
B) Decrease cardiomegaly
C) Clean out obstructed vessels
D) Produce a hemoglobin that resists sickling

Question 14

A 52-year-old man has a diagnosis of aplastic anemia.What information in the patient history is pertinent to this diagnosis?

A) Long family history of cancer
B) Regular blood donor
C) 25-year employee in a chemical plant
D) Gain of 5 lb in the last 2 years

Question 15

A newborn infant has developed significant jaundice and has a positive Coombs test result resulting from high levels of bilirubin.What should a nurse be aware that these symptoms may indicate?

A) Aplastic anemia
B) Hemophilia
C) Hemolytic anemia
D) Sickle cell anemia

Question 16

What information should a nurse be sure to include when preparing discharge plans for a patient recently diagnosed with pernicious anemia?

A) Adding daily high-fat, low-fiber supplements
B) Adding a rigorous daily workout
C) Avoiding prolonged exposure to direct sunlight
D) Providing sufficient rest periods throughout the day