Deck 6: Topical Anesthetic Agents

Question 1

To obtain the most benefit from the use of topical anesthetics,a fairly substantial amount of topical should be placed on the cotton tip applicator.This amount mixes with the saliva and may numb the tongue,soft palate,or pharynx.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Answer 1

The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Question 2

A patient presents to your dental office the day after her dental appointment complaining of swelling and itching on the right side of her face.You should reassure the patient that it is not possible that her symptoms are related to dental anesthesia.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

All of the following are advantages of purchasing a single-dose unit of a topical anesthetic EXCEPT one.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Dose manageable
B) Cost-effective
C) Less cross-contamination
D) Less messy

Answer 3

Cost-effective

Question 4

What is the name of a common ketone topical anesthetic?

A) Lidocaine
B) Dyclonine hydrochloride
C) Tetracaine hydrochloride
D) Benzocaine

Question 5

Tetracaine hydrochloride has a rather slow onset of action;however,it can last approximately 45 minutes.

Question 6

Which of the following properties are advantages of topical anesthetics being in a liquid form?

A) Provides anesthesia to a widespread area
B) Useful to decrease a patient's gag reflex
C) Can be applied to site-specific areas with an applicator
D) All options listed

Question 7

All of the following EXCEPT one are considered advantages for the use of topical anesthetic agents.Which one is the EXCEPTION?

A) Minimize pain associated with needle insertion
B) Can be purchased over the counter
C) Useful in treatment of minor oral injuries
D) Reduce gag reflex during radiographic procedures

Question 8

The most commonly found form of lidocaine is in base form because it is water soluble and can easily penetrate and be absorbed into the tissues.

Question 9

List common forms of topical anesthetics used in dentistry.

Question 10

Unmetered sprays are not recommended because they do not allow control of the amount of anesthetic dispensed,nor are they easily contained at a specific site.

A) Both the statement and reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and reason are correct but NOT related.
C) The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT.
D) The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Question 11

Although topical anesthetics are generally regarded as safe,if used improperly they can produce adverse reactions that are fatal.

Question 12

Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver and excreted via the kidneys with less than 10% remaining unchanged.

Question 13

Benzocaine topical anesthetic exists almost entirely in its base form,making absorption into circulation high.

Question 14

List the methods for delivery of topical anesthetic drugs.

Question 15

What is the name of the most potent ester topical anesthetic?

A) 2.5% Lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine cream
B) Dyclonine hydrochloride
C) Tetracaine hydrochloride
D) Benzocaine

Question 16

What is the main difference in the mechanism of action between topical anesthetics and injectable anesthetics?

A) Location of the blocking of nerve conduction
B) Increase of depolarization
C) Decrease of excitability threshold
D) All options listed

Question 17

The published maximum dosage recommendation for the topical anesthetic benzocaine is 200 mg.

Question 18

The over-the-counter product Anbesol with benzocaine can be safely used by all family members.

Question 19

What is the name of a common ester topical anesthetic?

A) Lidocaine
B) Dyclonine hydrochloride
C) Prilocaine 2.5%
D) Benzocaine

Question 20

Which of the following characteristics could contribute to the properties of an ideal intraoral topical anesthetic?

A) Allergenic
B) Allow pain-free application
C) Dissolves readily at the site of application
D) Produces some systemic toxicity

Question 21

Topical anesthetics are available in concentrations ranging from 0.2% to 20%.Products available over the counter can have concentrations just as high as those used professional in the dental office.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Question 22

What is the reason that concentrations of topical anesthetic agents are higher than those of their injectable counterparts?

A) Topical agents are not natural vasoconstrictors like injectable anesthetic agents.
B) They facilitate high plasma concentrations of topical anesthetic agents.
C) They facilitate diffusion of the topical anesthetic agent through the mucous membranes.
D) With topical anesthetic agents,systemic absorption decreases.

Question 23

Which of the following are best practices to follow when administering local anesthesia of any kind in the dental office?

A) Review the patient's health and dental history at all appointments.
B) Use the lowest concentration of anesthesia to satisfy clinical requirements.
C) Limit the area of application.
D) Know the concentration of the drug being used.
E) All options listed

Question 24

Which of the following is true regarding Oraqix?

A) It is a microemulsion
B) Does not provide pulpal anesthesia
C) Applicator assembly is easy
D) All options listed

Question 25

What is the most common topical preparation for lidocaine?

A) Patch
B) Spray
C) Ointment
D) Solution

Question 26

Which patients may be more susceptible to adverse effects to topical anesthetic agents?

A) Children
B) Elderly
C) Medically compromised
D) All options listed

Question 27

Which of the following are considered advantages of the application of dental topical anesthetics in a patch form?

A) Site-specific
B) Multiple choices
C) Cost-effective
D) All options listed

Question 28

The onset of action for benzocaine is rapid.The duration of action for benzocaine is 5-15 minutes.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Question 29

Which of the following is/are true regarding topical anesthetics?

A) Allergic reactions can occur up to 2 days after the anesthetic is given.
B) Benzocaine and tetracaine are both amides,which increases their potential for causing an allergic reaction.
C) If there were an allergic reaction,it is likely to present immediately at the time of anesthesia.
D) All options listed

Question 30

Prior to providing an injection,the topical agent should remain at the site of penetration for about 4 minutes.Anesthesia should be achieved to a depth of approximately 5-6 mm into the tissue.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.

Question 31

What is the maximum recommended dose of Oraqix at one dental treatment session?

A) Two cartridges
B) Four cartridges
C) Five cartridges
D) Eleven cartridges

Question 32

Why does the local and systemic absorption of topical anesthetics increase the risk of toxicity?

A) Topical anesthetics do not contain vasoconstrictors.
B) Topical anesthetics are formulated in high concentrations.
C) Topical anesthetics are absorbed quickly into the tissue and blood stream due to vasodilation of the area.
D) All options listed

Question 33

Possible localized adverse effects of topical anesthetics could include which of the following?

A) Stinging at the site of application
B) Tissue discoloration
C) Sloughing
D) All options listed

Question 34

While at room temperature,Oraqix is in gel form in the cartridge.It will liquidate as it reaches body temperature in the periodontal pocket.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true,the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false,the second statement is true.

Question 35

What has the combined lidocaine/prilocaine cream been approved and effectively used for?

A) Medical procedures
B) Dental procedures
C) Topical anesthetic for skin abrasions
D) All options listed

Question 36

What FDA Category does Oraqix fall into?

A) Category A
B) Category B
C) Category C
D) Categories B or C,depending on the concentration used.

Question 37

Methemoglobinemia has been reported following topical anesthesia use of benzocaine,particularly with higher concentrations of 14%-20% spray applications applied to the mouth and mucous membrane.An advisory statement informing the public of the association between benzocaine and methemoglobinemia has been released by the Institute of Safe Medication Practices and the U.S.Food and Drug Administration.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false,the second statement is true.

Question 38

What is the available concentration of Oraqix?

A) 5% lidocaine and 5% prilocaine
B) 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine
C) 14% benzocaine,2% butamben,and 2% tetracaine hydrochloride
D) 20% benzocaine and 5% lidocaine