Question 1

The nurse is teaching a patient who will be discharged home with naltrexone (ReVia) after treatment for opioid addiction. What information will the nurse include in the teaching for this patient?&#10;A) &#34;This drug will help control cravings.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;You may take this drug once weekly.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;ReVia blocks the pleasurable effects of opioids.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;If you discontinue this drug abruptly, you will have withdrawal symptoms.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Naltrexone (ReVia) works by blocking the effects of opioids, including the pleasurable sensations, which helps prevent relapse in individuals recovering from opioid addiction.

Question 2

A patient with a long history of alcohol abuse is admitted to the hospital for detoxification. In addition to medications needed to treat withdrawal symptoms, the nurse will anticipate giving which of the following intramuscularly?

A) dopamine to restore blood pressure.
B) fluid boluses to treat dehydration.
C) glucose to prevent hypoglycemia.
D) thiamine to treat nutritional deficiency.

Accepted Answer

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is often deficient in individuals with long-term alcohol abuse and is necessary for the metabolism of glucose. Giving thiamine can help prevent severe complications such as Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which can lead to permanent brain damage. While dopamine, fluid boluses, and glucose may be necessary in certain situations, they are not typically given intramuscularly during alcohol detoxification.

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for alcohol intoxication. The nurse notes that the patient's serum alcohol level is 400 mg/dL. The patient is awake and talkative even though this is a potentially lethal dose. The nurse recognizes this as alcohol:

A) substance use disorder.
B) dependence.
C) misuse.
D) tolerance.

tolerance.

Accepted Answer

The patient's ability to be awake and talkative despite a potentially lethal dose of alcohol indicates tolerance, which is the body's adaptation to prolonged exposure to alcohol that results in the need for higher doses to achieve the desired effect. Substance use disorder or dependence may also be present, but tolerance is the most appropriate choice based on the given information. Misuse refers to using a substance in a way that is not intended or recommended.

Question 4

Cough and cold products are also used for substance abuse. Which of the following contains the two most commonly misused cough and cold products?&#10;A) Dextromethorphan and promethazine-codeine&#10;B) Dextromethorphan and phenylephrine&#10;C) Promethazine-codeine and phenylephrine&#10;D) Dextromethorphan and guaifenesin

Accepted Answer

Dextromethorphan and promethazine-codeine are the two most commonly misused cough and cold products. Dextromethorphan is a cough suppressant and can produce hallucinations and dissociative effects in high doses. Promethazine-codeine is a combination medication that contains an opioid (codeine) and an antihistamine (promethazine). The codeine can produce a sense of euphoria and relaxation when abused, while the promethazine can potentiate the effects of the codeine.

Question 5

The nurse is teaching a group in the community about drug abuse. Which statement by the nurse is correct?&#10;A) &#34;Cravings always disappear after long periods of abstinence by the person addicted to drugs.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Substance abuse and addiction are synonymous terms, describing dependence on drugs.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Substance use disorder occurs when recurrent use causes clinically and functionally significant impairment.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;Substance use disorder occurs when physical dependence is present.&#34;

Accepted Answer

The correct statement is "Substance use disorder occurs when recurrent use causes clinically and functionally significant impairment." This is the definition of substance use disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Cravings may not disappear after long periods of abstinence (option A), substance abuse and addiction are not synonymous terms (option B), and physical dependence is not the sole criteria for diagnosing substance use disorder (option D).

Question 6

The nurse is counseling a patient who wants to stop smoking. Which statement by the nurse is correct?&#10;A) &#34;Bupropion (Zyban) is effective and does not have any serious adverse effects.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;Nicotine replacement therapies are effective and eliminate the need for behavioral therapy.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;Varenicline (Chantix) may be used short-term for 1 to 2 months.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;You may experience headaches, irritability, and increased appetite for several months after stopping smoking.&#34;

Accepted Answer

Nicotine withdrawal symptoms, including headaches, irritability, and increased appetite, can persist for several months after quitting smoking. This is a common and expected part of the cessation process. Options A, B, and C contain inaccuracies regarding the safety, necessity of behavioral therapy, and duration of use for smoking cessation aids.

Question 7

A patient who is unconscious arrives in the emergency department with clammy skin and constricted pupils. The nurse assesses a respiratory rate of 8 to 10 breaths per minute. The paramedics report obvious signs of drug abuse in the patient's home. The nurse suspects that this patient is likely experiencing an overdose of which substance?

A) Alcohol
B) LSD
C) An opioid
D) Methamphetamine

Accepted Answer

The patient's clinical presentation suggests an opioid overdose, which can cause respiratory depression (low respiratory rate) and constricted pupils. Clammy skin is also a possible sign of opioid overdose. The reported history of drug abuse further supports this suspicion. Alcohol and LSD do not typically produce these symptoms, and while methamphetamine can cause CNS depression, it more commonly produces agitation and other signs of sympathetic nervous system stimulation.

Question 8

What does the nurse understand must occur in order to produce withdrawal syndrome?&#10;A) Intoxication&#10;B) Craving&#10;C) Drug tolerance&#10;D) Physical dependence

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal syndrome occurs due to physical dependence, which is a state in which the body has adapted to the presence of a drug and requires continued exposure to it to function normally. If the drug is abruptly discontinued or the dose is decreased, withdrawal symptoms can occur. Intoxication, craving, and drug tolerance are not necessary factors for producing withdrawal syndrome.

Question 9

The nurse is discussing smoking cessation with a nurse colleague who smokes. Which statement indicates a readiness to quit smoking?&#10;A) &#34;I don't smoke around my children or inside the house.&#34;&#10;B) &#34;I want to stop smoking, but I will need help to do it.&#34;&#10;C) &#34;I will quit so my coworkers will stop harassing me about it.&#34;&#10;D) &#34;If I cut down gradually, I should be able to quit.&#34;

Accepted Answer

This statement shows a willingness to quit smoking and a recognition that help will be needed in order to do so. The other statements do not necessarily indicate readiness to quit or a commitment to making a change.

Question 10

A patient arrives in the emergency department in an acute state of alcohol intoxication and reports chronic consumption of "several six packs" of beer every day for the past year. The nurse anticipates administering which medication or treatment?

A) Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
B) Disulfiram (Antabuse)
C) Gastric lavage
D) Vasoconstrictors

Accepted Answer

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) is a benzodiazepine that can be used to manage acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms such as agitation, tremors, and seizures. It is often used as a first-line treatment in the emergency department for alcohol intoxication. Disulfiram (Antabuse) is a medication used for alcohol addiction treatment, but it is not indicated in the acute management of alcohol intoxication. Gastric lavage and vasoconstrictors are not typically used in the management of alcohol intoxication.

Question 11

The nurse is teaching a patient who has completed detoxification for alcohol abuse who will be discharged home with a prescription for disulfiram (Antabuse). Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?

A) "Even use of mouthwash can cause serious adverse effects while I am taking this drug."
B) "Drowsiness and skin rashes are the most common adverse events to watch for."
C) "It is safe to take a product containing alcohol one week after the last dose of disulfiram."
D) "This drug acts by blocking the pleasurable effects of alcohol."

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Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is teaching a patient who...

Question 12

A patient is brought to the emergency department by a family member. The patient reports symptoms of paranoia and believes they are being followed. The patient presents with an elevated body temperature, elevated pulse, and high blood pressure. The nurse suspects that this patient is abusing which of the following drugs?

A) Alcohol
B) Cocaine
C) Heroin
D) Oxycodone

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is brought to the emergency...

Question 13

The nurse is caring for a patient who is chronically irritable and anxious and prone to violent behaviors. The patient has several teeth missing and has dental caries in the remaining teeth. The nurse suspects previous chronic use of which drug?

A) Alcohol
B) Cocaine
C) LSD
D) Methamphetamine

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is caring for a patient...

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT generally considered a side effect of nicotine replacement?&#10;A) Tachycardia.&#10;B) Dizziness.&#10;C) Somnolence.&#10;D) Dyspepsia.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT generally...

Question 15

A patient is brought to the emergency department by a family member. The patient reports symptoms of paranoia and believes they are being followed. The patient presents with an elevated body temperature, elevated pulse, and high blood pressure. The nurse suspects that this patient is abusing which of the following drugs?

A) Alcohol
B) Cocaine
C) Heroin
D) Oxycodone

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient is brought to the emergency...

Deck 8: Drugs of Abuse