Deck 10: Problems of the Breast

Question 1

The most conservative approach for early breast cancer treatment involves lumpectomy followed by which procedure?

A) Radiation
B) Adjuvant systemic therapy
C) Hormonal therapy
D) Chemotherapy

Answer 1

Radiation

Question 2

A nurse is providing education to a support group of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer.It is important for the nurse to discuss which factor related to breast cancer with the group?

A) Genetic mutations account for 50% of women who will develop breast cancer.
B) Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women.
C) In the United States,1 in 10 women will develop breast cancer in her lifetime.
D) The exact cause of breast cancer remains unknown.

Answer 2

The exact cause of breast cancer remains unknown.

Question 3

After a mastectomy,which activity should the client be instructed to avoid?

A) Emptying surgical drains twice a day and as needed
B) Lifting more than 4.5 kg (10 lb)or reaching above her head until given permission by her surgeon
C) Wearing clothing with snug sleeves to support the tissue of the arm on the operative side
D) Immediately reporting inflammation that develops at the incision site or in the affected arm

Answer 3

Wearing clothing with snug sleeves to support the tissue of the arm on the operative side

Question 4

A nurse is providing breast care education to a client after mammography.Which information regarding fibrocystic changes in the breast is important for the nurse to share?

A) Fibrocystic breast disease is a disease of the milk ducts and glands in the breasts.
B) It is a premalignant disorder characterized by lumps found in the breast tissue.
C) Fibrocystic breast disease causes lumpiness with or without pain and tenderness in varying degrees in the breast tissue during menstrual cycles.
D) Lumpiness is accompanied by tenderness after menses.

Question 5

A client's oncologist has just finished explaining the diagnostic workup results to her,and she still has questions.The woman states,"The physician says I have a slow-growing cancer.Very few cells are dividing.How does she know this?" What is the name of the test that gave the health care provider this information?

A) Tumor ploidy
B) S-phase index
C) Nuclear grade
D) Estrogen-receptor assay

Question 6

Researchers have found a number of common risk factors that increase a woman's chance of developing a breast malignancy.It is essential for the nurse who provides care to women of any age to be aware of which risk factors? (Select all that apply. )

A) Family history
B) Late menarche
C) Early menopause
D) Race
E) Nulliparity or first pregnancy after age 40 years

Question 7

What important,immediate postoperative care practice should the nurse remember when caring for a woman who has had a mastectomy?

A) The blood pressure (BP)cuff should not be applied to the affected arm.
B) Venipuncture for blood work should be performed on the affected arm.
C) The affected arm should be used for intravenous (IV)therapy.
D) The affected arm should be held down close to the woman's side.

Question 8

Which explanation best describes a skin-sparing mastectomy?

A) Removal of the breast,nipple,and areola,leaving the skin in tact
B) Removal of the breast,nipple,areola,and axillary node dissection
C) Incision on the outside of the breast,leaving the nipple intact
D) Removal of both breasts in their entirety

Question 9

Which diagnostic test is used to confirm a suspected diagnosis of breast cancer?

A) Mammogram
B) Ultrasound
C) Core needle biopsy
D) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 10

Which client should the nurse refer for further testing?

A) Left breast slightly smaller than right breast
B) Eversion (elevation)of both nipples
C) Faintly visible bilateral symmetry of venous network
D) Small dimple located in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast

Question 11

A woman has a breast mass that is not well delineated and is nonpalpable,immobile,and nontender.Which condition is this client experiencing?

A) Fibroadenoma
B) Lipoma
C) Intraductal papilloma
D) Mammary duct ectasia

Question 12

Which condition does NOT increase a client's risk for breast cancer?

A) BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutation
B) Li-Fraumeni syndrome
C) Paget disease
D) Cowden syndrome

Question 13

Which client is most at risk for fibroadenoma of the breast?

A) 38-year-old woman
B) 50-year-old woman
C) 16-year-old girl
D) 27-year-old woman

Question 14

Chemotherapy with multiple drug agents is used in the treatment of recurrent and advanced breast cancer with positive results.Which side effects would the nurse anticipate for the client once treatment has begun? (Select all that apply. )

A) Hair loss
B) Severe constipation
C) Anemia
D) Leukopenia
E) Thrombocytopenia

Question 15

A healthy 60-year-old African-American woman regularly receives health care at her neighborhood clinic.She is due for a mammogram.At her first visit,her health care provider is concerned about the 3-week wait at the neighborhood clinic and made an appointment for her to have a mammogram at a teaching hospital across town.She did not keep her appointment and returned to the clinic today to have the nurse check her blood pressure.What is the most appropriate statement for the nurse to make to this client?

A) "Do you have transportation to the teaching hospital so that you can get your mammogram?"
B) "I'm concerned that you missed your appointment;let me make another one for you."
C) "It's very dangerous to skip your mammograms;your breasts need to be checked."
D) "Would you like me to make an appointment for you to have your mammogram here?"

Question 16

Breast pain occurs in many women during their perimenopausal years.Which information is a priority for the nurse to share with the client?

A) Breast pain is an early indication of cancer.
B) Pain is almost always an indication of a solid mass.
C) Distinguishing between cyclical and noncyclical pain is important.
D) Breast pain is most often treated with narcotics.

Question 17

Cellulitis with or without abscess formation is a common condition.The nurse is providing education for a client whose presentation to the emergency department includes an infection of the breast.Which information should the nurse share with this client? (Select all that apply. )

A) Nipple piercing may be the cause of a recent infection.
B) Treatment for cellulitis will include antibiotics.
C) Streptococcus aureus is the most common pathogen.
D) Obesity,smoking,and diabetes are risk factors.
E) Breast is pale in color and cool to the touch.

Question 18

A client is concerned because she has been experiencing some milky,sticky breast discharge.Which nonmalignant condition is exhibited with this finding?

A) Relative inflammatory lesion
B) Galactorrhea
C) Mammary duct ectasia
D) Breast infection

Question 19

What is the correct name describing a benign breast condition that includes dilation and inflammation of the collecting ducts?

A) Mammary duct ectasia
B) Intraductal papilloma
C) Chronic cystic disease
D) Fibroadenoma

Question 20

A client has been prescribed adjuvant tamoxifen therapy.What common side effect might she experience?

A) Weight gain,hot flashes,and blood clots
B) Vomiting,weight loss,and hair loss
C) Nausea,vomiting,and diarrhea
D) Hot flashes,weight gain,and headaches