Question 1

Following coronary artery occlusion,which of the following emergency procedures may be used to aid in myocardial revascularization?&#10;A)81 mg of aspirin sublingually&#10;B)primary balloon angioplasty&#10;C)administration of thrombolytic drugs&#10;D)A and C only&#10;E)all of the above

Accepted Answer

administration of thrombolytic drugs

Question 2

It is strongly recommended that elective dental care be avoided for a patient who has had an MI for at least ______ after infarction.&#10;A)2 weeks&#10;B)6 weeks&#10;C)3 months&#10;D)6 months

Accepted Answer

6 months

Question 3

Cardiac arrest is a complication of AMI.

Accepted Answer

Cardiac arrest, also known as sudden cardiac arrest, can occur as a complication of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI), or heart attack. In cardiac arrest, the heart stops beating suddenly and may require immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation to restore a normal heart rhythm.

Question 4

Approximately __% of all AMI victims die from the infarct.&#10;A)10&#10;B)25&#10;C)36&#10;D)66

Accepted Answer

According to the American Heart Association, approximately one-third (or 36%) of all AMI victims die from the infarct.

Question 5

The use of a vasoconstrictor is contra-indicated in any ASA __ cardiovascular risk patient.&#10;A)II,III,or IV&#10;B)II or III&#10;C)III or IV&#10;D)IV

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstrictors are generally contraindicated in ASA IV patients due to their high cardiovascular risk, as these patients have severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life.

Question 6

Management of &#34;crushing&#34; chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin includes all of the following except:&#10;A)position comfortably&#10;B)administer nitrous oxide (40%)and oxygen (60%)&#10;C)administer oxygen&#10;D)activate EMS&#10;E)administer epinephrine

Accepted Answer

The management of "crushing" chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin includes positioning the patient comfortably, administering oxygen, activating EMS, and administering nitrous oxide (40%) and oxygen (60%). Epinephrine is not indicated in the management of chest pain, as it is not effective in treating myocardial ischemia. It may be used for other conditions, such as anaphylaxis or cardiac arrest, but not for chest pain specifically. Therefore, the best choice is E, administer epinephrine, as it is not indicated in the management of chest pain.

Question 7

Coronary revascularization procedures must be initiated within what length of time to have an expectation of salvaging the myocardium?&#10;A)1 hour after occlusion&#10;B)2 hours after occlusion&#10;C)6 hours after occlusion&#10;D)10 hours after occlusion

Accepted Answer

The optimal window for coronary revascularization procedures to have an expectation of salvaging the myocardium is generally considered to be within 6 hours after occlusion. Beyond this period, the benefits of revascularization in terms of salvaging viable myocardial tissue significantly decrease.

Question 8

Complications associated with MI include:&#10;A)shock&#10;B)heart failure&#10;C)cardiac arrest&#10;D)A,B,and C&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

Complications associated with MI include shock, heart failure, and cardiac arrest. Therefore, answer D (A,B, and C) is the best choice. Answer E (A and C) is incorrect because it only includes shock and cardiac arrest, leaving out heart failure.

Question 9

Which of the following drugs is/are not indicated for administration during an episode of acute chest pain thought to be an MI?&#10;A)nitroglycerin&#10;B)epinephrine&#10;C)nitrous oxide/oxygen&#10;D)morphine sulfate&#10;E)oxygen

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine is not indicated for administration during an episode of acute chest pain thought to be an MI. It is used in cases of cardiac arrest or severe anaphylaxis. The rest of the options are indicated for chest pain thought to be an MI, although their use may vary based on individual patient factors and medical history.

Question 10

All of the following are contraindications to the use of nitrous oxide during medical emergencies except:&#10;A)head injury&#10;B)pneumothorax&#10;C)bowel obstruction&#10;D)MI

Accepted Answer

Nitrous oxide is contraindicated in cases of head injury, pneumothorax, and bowel obstruction due to its property of expanding trapped gas in body cavities, which can worsen these conditions. However, it is not contraindicated in the case of a myocardial infarction (MI).

Deck 28: Acute Myocardial Infarction