Question 1

Adrenalin modifies anaphylaxis in all of the following ways,except it:&#10;A)increases cardiac output&#10;B)reverses bronchospasm&#10;C)inhibits further mediator release&#10;D)decreases myocardial oxygen consumption&#10;E)all of the above are ways in which Adrenalin is beneficial in anaphylaxis

Accepted Answer

Adrenalin increases myocardial oxygen consumption by increasing heart rate and contractility. Therefore, option D is incorrect. Options A, B, and C are all ways in which Adrenalin is beneficial in anaphylaxis.

Question 2

Whenever histamine-blockers are administered orally in the management of delayed skin reactions,they should be administered:&#10;A)every 6 hours until the reaction resolves&#10;B)for a minimum of 2 to 3 days&#10;C)for a minimum of 7 days&#10;D)histamine-blockers are never administered orally&#10;E)histamine-blockers are never administered for delayed skin reactions

Accepted Answer

Histamine-blockers should be administered for a minimum of 2 to 3 days in the management of delayed skin reactions to ensure optimal relief of symptoms. Option A is not recommended as there is no fixed time for resolution of delayed skin reactions. Option C is unnecessary as prolonged use of histamine-blockers is not recommended without medical supervision. Option D and E are incorrect statements as histamine-blockers can be administered orally for delayed skin reactions.

Question 3

Following ingestion of an aspirin for a headache,a patient experiences the onset of urticaria and bronchospasm.Immediate management of this response may consist of all of the following except:&#10;A)epinephrine subcutaneously&#10;B)bronchodilator inhaler&#10;C)epinephrine via inhalation&#10;D)diphenhydramine intramuscularly

Accepted Answer

bronchodilator inhaler

Question 4

Which of the following drugs is most often implicated in fatal anaphylaxis?&#10;A)lidocaine&#10;B)epinephrine&#10;C)aspirin&#10;D)penicillin&#10;E)codeine

Accepted Answer

Penicillin is the most common drug implicated in fatal anaphylaxis.

Question 5

When oral histamine-blockers are administered in the management of allergic skin reactions,the patient should be told to take the drug for what period of time?&#10;A)2 days following the treatment&#10;B)1 day&#10;C)2 to 3 days&#10;D)1 week&#10;E)2 weeks

Accepted Answer

Oral histamine-blockers are typically administered for 2-3 days in the management of allergic skin reactions. This duration of treatment is usually sufficient to alleviate symptoms and resolve the allergic response. Longer courses of treatment may be required for persistent or severe cases, but this should be determined by the prescribing physician. It is important for patients to follow the prescribed treatment regimen and not to discontinue the medication prematurely, as this may result in a recurrence of symptoms.

Question 6

An area of erythema,urticaria,and pruritus at the site at which topical benzocaine was applied 45 minutes earlier is best managed by:&#10;A)epinephrine intramuscularly&#10;B)epinephrine subcutaneously&#10;C)diphenhydramine intramuscularly&#10;D)diphenhydramine orally&#10;E)diphenhydramine intravenously

Accepted Answer

Diphenhydramine orally is the appropriate management option for a local allergic reaction to benzocaine. Intramuscular or subcutaneous epinephrine is indicated for a severe or anaphylactic reaction, which is not typically seen with topical benzocaine. Intravenous diphenhydramine is reserved for severe or life-threatening allergic reactions.

Question 7

A systemic allergic skin reaction that develops 5 minutes after exposure to an allergen is best managed in which of the following ways?&#10;A)epinephrine intramuscularly&#10;B)epinephrine sublingually&#10;C)epinephrine intravenously&#10;D)histamine-blocker intramuscularly&#10;E)histamine-blocker orally

Accepted Answer

A systemic allergic reaction that develops 5 minutes after exposure is indicative of an anaphylactic reaction, which requires immediate treatment with epinephrine. Intramuscular injection is the preferred route of administration for epinephrine in this situation. Sublingual and oral administration are not as effective, and intravenous administration may be necessary for severe reactions but not typically used as a first-line treatment. Histamine-blockers may help relieve symptoms but do not address the underlying anaphylaxis and are not the first-line treatment.

Question 8

During the acute phase of a life-threatening allergic reaction in an adult,diphenhydramine is administered in a dose of:&#10;A)0.5 mL&#10;B)1.0 mL&#10;C)0.5 mL every 5 minutes&#10;D)1.0 mL every 5 minutes&#10;E)diphenhydramine is not administered during the acute phase of a life-threatening allergic reaction

Accepted Answer

Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine, which can be useful for allergic reactions, but during the acute phase of a life-threatening allergic reaction (anaphylaxis), the first-line treatment is epinephrine, not diphenhydramine. Antihistamines like diphenhydramine may be used adjunctively but are not the primary treatment for acute, life-threatening reactions.

Question 9

Systemic itching developing 30 minutes following a 2-g dose of oral amoxicillin is best managed by:&#10;A)epinephrine intramuscularly&#10;B)epinephrine subcutaneously&#10;C)diphenhydramine intramuscularly&#10;D)diphenhydramine intravenously&#10;E)diphenhydramine orally

Accepted Answer

The answer of Systemic itching developing 30 minutes following a...

Question 10

Stimulation of histamine receptors causes all of the following,except:&#10;A)airway mucus production&#10;B)intestinal smooth muscle relaxation&#10;C)increased vascular permeability&#10;D)respiratory smooth muscle spasm&#10;E)pruritus,urticaria

Accepted Answer

Histamine stimulation typically causes contraction of smooth muscle in the bronchi (leading to respiratory smooth muscle spasm) and in the gut, but it does not cause relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle. Instead, it can lead to increased gut motility, contributing to symptoms like diarrhea in allergic reactions.

Deck 24: Allergy