Question 1

A patient with exclusively right ventricular failure will exhibit signs and symptoms of:&#10;A)systemic venous congestion&#10;B)congestion of the pulmonary vasculature&#10;C)capillary congestion&#10;D)A,B,and C&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

A and C

Question 2

_________ is the leading cause of right ventricular failure.&#10;A)Mitral stenosis&#10;B)Pulmonary vascular disease&#10;C)Pulmonary parenchymal disease&#10;D)Left ventricular failure

Accepted Answer

Left ventricular failure

Question 3

Tachypnea is ______________ of breathing.&#10;A)an increase in the depth&#10;B)an increase in the rate&#10;C)difficulty or an increase in the exertion&#10;D)cessation

Accepted Answer

Tachypnea is defined as an increase in the rate of breathing. It is not related to an increase in the depth, difficulty or an increase in the exertion, or cessation of breathing.

Question 4

Which of the following statements is/are true of pitting edema?&#10;A)It may occur in patients with right ventricular failure&#10;B)Pitting of tissue caused by pressure gradually disappears once pressure is released and fluid returns&#10;C)Pitting of tissue caused by pressure disappears immediately once pressure is released and fluid returns&#10;D)A and B&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

Pitting edema is a condition where fluid accumulates in the tissues, causing them to swell. When pressure is applied to the swollen area, it leaves a pit or dent that gradually disappears as the fluid moves back into the tissue, which is true for both statements A and B. Right ventricular failure can lead to systemic congestion, including fluid accumulation in the extremities, leading to pitting edema. The pit created by pressure does not disappear immediately but rather gradually, making statement B correct and C incorrect.

Question 5

An individual usually notes the first expression of heart failure in the:&#10;A)right atrium&#10;B)left atrium&#10;C)right ventricle&#10;D)left ventricle

Accepted Answer

The first expression of heart failure usually occurs in the left ventricle, as it is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the entire body, and its dysfunction can lead to a cascade of symptoms related to heart failure.

Question 6

When a patient is ASA __ for congestive heart failure,dental treatment should be withheld for all elective procedures until the patient's cardiovascular disorder is corrected or controlled.&#10;A)I,II,III,or IV&#10;B)II,III,or IV&#10;C)III or IV&#10;D)IV

Accepted Answer

ASA IV patients have severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life.

Question 7

At the onset of acute respiratory distress in a patient with pre-existing congestive heart failure,the appropriate team member should first:&#10;A)initiate CPR&#10;B)summon EMS&#10;C)call the patient's primary care physician&#10;D)perform a bloodless phlebotomy

Accepted Answer

In this scenario, the appropriate team member should first summon EMS to provide emergency medical treatment for the acute respiratory distress. Initiating CPR may be necessary if the patient becomes unresponsive, but should not be the first step. Calling the patient's primary care physician or performing a bloodless phlebotomy are not urgent interventions in this situation.

Question 8

ASA III patients:&#10;A)can climb one flight of stairs or walk two level city blocks without having to pause because of shortness of breath,undue fatigue,or chest pain&#10;B)can climb one flight of stairs or walk two level city blocks without distress but must stop once they complete either task because of distress&#10;C)can climb one flight of stairs or walk two level city blocks but must stop and rest before completing the task because of distress&#10;D)cannot negotiate a flight of stairs or walk two level city blocks because of shortness of breath or undue fatigue present at rest

Accepted Answer

ASA III patients can climb one flight of stairs or walk two level city blocks but must stop and rest before completing the task because of distress. This is based on the definition of ASA III which states that these patients have mild to moderate systemic disease which limits their activity but does not cause incapacitation.

Question 9

Acute pulmonary edema is:&#10;A)marked by an excess of serous fluid in alveolar spaces&#10;B)a life-threatening condition&#10;C)accompanied by extreme difficulty in breathing&#10;D)A,B,and C&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

Acute pulmonary edema is marked by an excess of serous fluid in alveolar spaces, it is a life-threatening condition, and it is accompanied by extreme difficulty in breathing.

Question 10

The patient with moderate to severe left ventricular failure:&#10;A)appears flush&#10;B)has skin that is warm to the touch&#10;C)has dyspnea that is noticeable to an observer&#10;D)is anhidrotic

Accepted Answer

Dyspnea that is noticeable to an observer is a common symptom of moderate to severe left ventricular failure. A flushed appearance and warm skin may indicate fever or other conditions, and anhidrosis (lack of sweating) is not a typical symptom of left ventricular failure.

Question 11

Which of the following are signs of right ventricular failure?&#10;A)exertional dyspnea&#10;B)dependent edema&#10;C)orthopnea&#10;D)A,B,and C&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following are signs of...

Question 12

Hypertension is responsible for more than __% of all cases of congestive heart failure.&#10;A)10&#10;B)25&#10;C)50&#10;D)75

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hypertension is responsible for more than __%...

Deck 14: Heart Failure and Acute Pulmonary Edema