Question 1

Probably the most frequently encountered cause of postural hypotension in the dental office is in response to:&#10;A)venous defects in the legs&#10;B)the use of drugs&#10;C)physical exhaustion&#10;D)inadequate postural reflex

Accepted Answer

The use of drugs is the most common cause of postural hypotension in the dental office, as many medications can lower blood pressure and cause dizziness or fainting when standing up quickly. It is important for dental professionals to review a patient's medical history and medication list to avoid potential complications.

Question 2

Postural hypotension is defined as a disorder of the ______________________ system.&#10;A)cardiovascular&#10;B)integumentary&#10;C)autonomic nervous&#10;D)endocrine

Accepted Answer

Postural hypotension is caused by the autonomic nervous system's failure to respond to postural changes, resulting in a decrease in blood pressure upon assuming a standing position.

Question 3

Shy-Drager syndrome is associated with&#10;A)chronic postural hypotension&#10;B)anhidrosis in the lower trunk&#10;C)diaphoresis in the lower trunk&#10;D)A and B&#10;E)A and C

Accepted Answer

Shy-Drager syndrome is characterized by chronic postural hypotension, which can lead to dizziness or fainting when standing up from a seated or lying position. Anhidrosis, or a reduced ability to sweat, is also common in this condition, particularly in the lower trunk.

Question 4

Following a 30-minute dental appointment with you,the patient (a 20-year-old man;ASA I)is rapidly returned to an upright position prior to being dismissed from the chair.He suddenly appears quite pale and reports extreme dizziness and of seeing "stars." What is your immediate treatment of this situation?

A)position upright and administer amyl nitrate vaporole
B)return to supine position and permit the patient to recover
C)activate EMS and administer nitroglycerin
D)position upright and administer oxygen
E)return to supine position and administer adrenalin sublingually

Accepted Answer

The patient appears to be experiencing orthostatic hypotension, which can occur when a patient is quickly brought from a supine to upright position. The immediate treatment should be to return the patient to the supine position and allow them to recover. Administering medications without a clear indication or medical history could potentially do more harm than good in this scenario. If the patient does not recover quickly, EMS should be activated.

Question 5

Normally,standing systolic blood pressure should be within __ mm Hg of the supine blood pressure.&#10;A)10&#10;B)25&#10;C)40&#10;D)50

Accepted Answer

Normally, standing systolic blood pressure should be within 10 mm Hg of the supine blood pressure. A difference greater than 10 mm Hg may indicate orthostatic hypotension or other cardiovascular conditions.

Question 6

Postural hypotension is usually associated with:&#10;A)apnea&#10;B)tachypnea&#10;C)bradypnea&#10;D)tachycardia&#10;E)bradycardia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Postural hypotension is usually associated with:&#10;A)apnea&#10;B)tachypnea&#10;C)bradypnea&#10;D)tachycardia&#10;E)bradycardia...

Question 7

Following an episode of postural hypotension,if the patient fails to regain consciousness within a few seconds:&#10;A)administer a vasopressor&#10;B)establish a patent airway&#10;C)perform the Heimlich maneuver&#10;D)call EMS

Accepted Answer

If a patient fails to regain consciousness, establishing a patent airway is crucial to ensure they are breathing properly and to prevent further complications.

Question 8

Heart pulse rate increases about ____ beats per minute when the patient is standing.&#10;A)5 to 20&#10;B)10 to 30&#10;C)20 to 40&#10;D)it does not increase at all

Accepted Answer

When a person stands up, the heart rate typically increases by about 5 to 20 beats per minute to maintain blood pressure and blood flow, a response mediated by the autonomic nervous system.

Question 9

Predisposing factors for postural hypotension include:&#10;A)advanced age&#10;B)infancy&#10;C)inadequate period of recumbency&#10;D)Cushing's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Advanced age is a well-known predisposing factor for postural hypotension. Other factors that can lead to postural hypotension include medications such as blood pressure-lowering drugs, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, dehydration, and nervous system disorders. Infancy, inadequate period of recumbency and Cushing's syndrome are not commonly associated with postural hypotension.

Question 10

Postural hypotension is:&#10;A)frequently associated with fear and anxiety&#10;B)infrequently associated with fear and anxiety&#10;C)associated with fear but not anxiety&#10;D)associated with anxiety but not fear

Accepted Answer

Postural hypotension is a sudden drop in blood pressure that occurs when a person stands up quickly from a sitting or lying down position. It is not typically associated with fear or anxiety, although it may cause lightheadedness or dizziness which could lead to anxiety in some individuals. Therefore, the best choice is B, as it states that postural hypotension is infrequently associated with fear and anxiety.

Deck 7: Postural Hypotension