Deck 14: The Enlightenment

Question 1

Frederick II is an example of a(n)__________ despot.

A) classical
B) modern
C) ancient
D) progressive
E) enlightened

Answer 1

E

Question 2

After the French Revolution,baroque and __________ styles faded.

A) classical
B) neoclassical
C) rococo
D) Enlightenment
E) republican

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The political philosophy of __________ was particularly attractive to the new middle class.

A) Marxism
B) socialism
C) liberalism
D) communism
E) colonialism

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The writings of Mary Wollstonecraft mark the beginning of modern __________.

A) aestheticism
B) classicism
C) feminism
D) skepticism
E) rationalism

Question 5

Voltaire famously wrote criticisms of the __________.

A) church
B) government
C) theatre-going society
D) court
E) all of the above

Question 6

Laugier believed architects should turn to the __________ for models and inspiration.

A) Romans
B) Greeks
C) Medieval cathedral planners
D) Renaissance city planners
E) Egyptians

Question 7

The work of __________ is an example of Pre-Romantic style.

A) Locke
B) Burke
C) Goethe
D) Kant
E) Fragonard

Question 8

The first recorded American theatre was built in __________.

A) Boston
B) New York
C) Washington
D) Richmond
E) Williamsburg

Question 9

Works of art dealing with everyday life and common subject matter are called __________.

A) rococo
B) genre
C) classical
D) academic
E) folk

Question 10

The most popular theatre form in early eighteenth-century London was __________.

A) tragedy
B) comedy
C) ballad opera
D) pre-classical
E) expressive

Question 11

Classical music typically has a memorable,tuneful __________.

A) rhythm
B) variation
C) development
D) melody
E) coda

Question 12

Enlightenment politics tended to be __________,wishing to elevate the downtrodden.

A) democratic
B) humanitarian
C) despotic
D) individualistic
E) rationalist

Question 13

Many of the paintings of __________ were made into prints and sold to the public.

A) Thomas Gainsborough
B) Jean-Baptise Ciméon Chardin
C) William Hogarth
D) Jean-Honoré Fragonard
E) François Boucher

Question 14

Jacques-Louis David's work is __________.

A) classical
B) neoclassical
C) rococo
D) neo-baroque
E) romantic

Question 15

The most important movement form in the classical period of music is the __________.

A) rondo
B) single
C) minuet
D) sonata
E) nocturne

Question 16

The expressive style of music came from __________.

A) England
B) Germany
C) France
D) Italy
E) Greece

Question 17

"Physiocrats" saw __________ as the single source of all wealth.

A) God
B) industry
C) literature
D) nature
E) painting

Question 18

__________ are particularly important in Kabuki plays.

A) Set designers
B) Musicians
C) Narrators
D) Critics
E) Actors

Question 19

Writers who culled thought from great books and translated it into more accessible terms are called __________.

A) academics
B) humanitarians
C) aristocrats
D) philosophes
E) philologists

Question 20

Decorative and delicately superficial __________ painting was the art of the waning aristocracy.

A) baroque
B) neoclassical
C) rococo
D) classical
E) ancient

Question 21

__________ was banned in New York in 1709.

Question 22

The __________ style of music formed a bridge between baroque and classical music.

Question 23

Johann Gottfried von Herder sought to revive __________ through the use of the "national language" in schools,books,and newspapers.

A) "national feeling"
B) community
C) democracy
D) traditional values
E) German mythology

Question 24

Ballet d'action emphasized __________.

A) set design
B) musical accompaniment
C) drama
D) display
E) realism

Question 25

"Man was born free,and everywhere he is in chains" is the opening line of a work by Jean-Jacques __________.

Question 26

Jacques-Louis David's painting Oath of the Horatii sought to inspire __________.

A) political debate
B) religious sentiment
C) appreciation of classical art
D) artistic controversy
E) patriotism

Question 27

The attempts of architects to engage with Enlightenment philosophy are classified as __________ architecture.

Question 28

Although the movement began in the eighteen century,the term __________ was not coined until the nineteenth century suffrage movement.

Question 29

The music of François Couperin is classified as __________.

Question 30

The Sturm und Drang movement is considered __________.

A) classical
B) neoclassical
C) rococo
D) pre-romantic
E) romantic

Question 31

Scholars called the "moderns" argued that recent works were superior to __________ ones.

Question 32

.__________ was a slave,possibly of Fulani origin,who wrote poems in a neoclassical style.

A) Mary Wollstonecraft
B) Oliver Goldsmith
C) Samuel Johnson
D) George Whitefield
E) Phillis Wheatley

Question 33

In the work of __________,ordinary occurrences appear as symbols of a higher reality.

A) George Whitefield
B) Phillis Weatley
C) Jonathan Swift
D) Alexander Pope
E) Oliver Goldsmith

Question 34

The rococo style in literature produced much __________.

A) poetry
B) satire
C) realism
D) classicism
E) comedy

Question 35

The hymn "Ode to Joy" was written by __________.

A) Goethe
B) Schiller
C) Marlowe
D) Rousseau
E) Walpole

Question 36

Rococo paintings were made for __________,rather than public,viewing.

Question 37

Kant defined the __________ as anything that gives us "disinterested pleasure."

Question 38

The rise of the __________ was an important component of dance during this period.

A) danseur
B) corps de ballet
C) ballerina
D) danseuse
E) waltz

Question 39

Faith in reason and __________ informed much eighteenth century thought.

Question 40

Antonio __________ sculpture Pauline Borghese as Venus Victrix used Napoleon's sister for a model.

A) Canova's
B) Clodion's
C) Houdon's
D) Krohne's
E) Falconet's

Question 41

Enlightenment society emphasized charm,manners,and finesse.

Question 42

What was the name of Alexander Baumgarten's book,which was the first to use "aesthetics" to refer to the "study of beauty and theory of art"?

Question 43

Classical music emphasizes order,simplicity,and careful attention to form.

Question 44

What was the name for the unrestricted economy favored by the "physiocrats"?

Question 45

Neoclassicism was sometimes a conscious revolt against rococo.

Question 46

What is the style of Frederick's Sans Souci Palace?

Question 47

Jean-Jacques Rousseau placed emphasis on reason over emotion,rationality over sympathy.

Question 48

Both Mozart and Haydn are known for their symphonies.

Question 49

Who wrote the well-known poem called An Essay on Criticism?

Question 50

The ballets of Georges __________ exemplified "psychological realism."

Question 51

Marie Anne Cupis de Camargo was the first ballerina to incorporate the technical skills typically associated with men.

Question 52

In eighteen century literature,drama declined and the __________ began to rise.

Question 53

What was the name of the English artist who criticized society in order to stir people to humanitarian action?

Question 54

Actors in Kabuki plays typically give large monologues.

Question 55

A Vindication of the Rights of Women was written by __________.

Question 56

Among other ways,__________ expanded the classical symphonic form by incorporating greater emotion.

Question 57

Mary Wollstonecraft argued that women were naturally submissive.

Question 58

Some scholars suggest neoclassicism is a sub-category of Romanticism.

Question 59

Pamphlets and essays were particularly important ways to express democratic ideas.

Question 60

Alexander Pope used __________ to criticize society.

Question 61

Choose a rococo work in any medium.Analyze its relationship to the political situation of European society.Why do you think certain people desired such works? Do you think it would have appealed to all members of the society? Be sure to discuss both the work's form and content.

Question 62

Compare and contrast the satirical works of William Hogarth and Jonathan Swift.What motives do they have in common when making their critiques of society? In what ways do they differ? How might they have appealed to different audiences?

Question 63

Pick a neoclassical work in any medium.Discuss how the new faith in reason and science is expressed in the work.Be sure to discuss both the structure of the work (form,organization,composition,style),as well as subject matter and themes.