Deck 3: Human Rights

Question 1

In the employee-minimizing strategy, companies increase profits at the employees' expense.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

_____________ is the belief that culture determines the degree of protection of human rights.

A) Culturalism
B) Cultural relativism
C) Humanism
D) Universalism

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Habeas corpus is the right to be brought before a judge or court to determine guilt or innocence.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Amnesty International is the world's oldest human rights nongovernmental organization.

Question 5

The concept that a person can't be deprived of life, liberty, or property without a fair trial based on fair procedures and rules is called

A) habeas corpus.
B) utilitarianism.
C) negative rights.
D) due process of law.

Question 6

The first global human rights NGO was formed to address the problem of

A) homophobia.
B) poor conditions for factory workers.
C) slavery.
D) violence against women.

Question 7

When the United States repealed its "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" policy, it was

A) approving torture of terrorism suspects.
B) protecting the rights of homosexuals.
C) suspending habeas corpus rights.
D) protecting the rights of immigrants.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT one of the four freedoms that are necessary for a just society?

A) Freedom of speech
B) Freedom from fear
C) Freedom of religion
D) Freedom from governmental restrictions

Question 9

The absolute insistence on the supremacy of the laws is a key component of

A) utilitarianism.
B) legalism.
C) legal positivism.
D) social rights.

Question 10

_____________ sanctions are the most common type of sanctions.

A) Unilateral
B) Cultural
C) Economic
D) Diplomatic

Question 11

The _____________ was created in 2002 to prosecute war criminal and others accused of gross violations of human rights.

A) International Criminal Court
B) Nuremberg Court
C) International Supreme Court
D) International Court of Justice

Question 12

The right of a person to be brought before a judge or court in order to determine their innocence or guilt is known as

A) habeas corpus.
B) Miranda rights.
C) legal rights.
D) processing rights.

Question 13

The use of military force in order to protect human rights is known as

A) imposed intervention.
B) humanitarian intervention.
C) consensual intervention.
D) multilateral sanctions.

Question 14

Individuals who are imprisoned because of their political, religious, or social beliefs are known as prisoners of

A) conscience.
B) democracy.
C) humanity.
D) oppression.

Question 15

The _____________ strategy aims to increase profits at the employees' expense.

A) cost-minimizing
B) corporate
C) market-building
D) cost-averaging

Question 16

John Stuart Mill stressed that focusing on the general will can lead to the tyranny of the majority.

Question 17

Which of the following philosophers questioned many major assumptions of utilitarianism?

A) John Locke
B) John Stuart Mill
C) Jeremy Bentham
D) Karl Marx

Question 18

In Cambodia, the Hutus committed many acts of genocide.

Question 19

The Greek and Roman Stoics developed the idea of_____________ rights, freedoms to which every human is entitled.

A) positive
B) world
C) relative
D) universal

Question 20

In the United States, the _____________ consists of constitutional protections of individual rights.

A) principle of freedoms
B) Declaration of Independence
C) Bill of Rights
D) Second Treatise on Government

Question 21

_____________ is the protection of individual life, liberty, and property through a fair trial system.

Question 22

_____________ is the systematic mass murder of an ethnic, religious, or national group.

Question 23

_____________ is intervention by heavily armed military forces.

Question 24

_____________ was the U.S.-run prison in Iraq that committed abuses against Iraqi war detainees.

Question 25

The International Court of Justice was created in order to settle disputes between states.

Question 26

The United Nations no-fly zone over Libya to protect civilians during their country's transition to democracy was a form of humanitarian intervention.

Question 27

What is ethnic cleansing? How was it used in Rwanda and Yugoslavia?

Question 28

_____________ are sanctions imposed by more than one country.

Question 29

Can you explain the differences between relativistic and universal human rights? How
are they different in their scope and normative assumptions?

Question 30

One's social, economic, or political position is one's _____________.

Question 31

_____________ was a leading Stoic and agreed with the natural law concept.

Question 32

Explain some important legal protections built into the U.S. Constitution and Britain's Magna Carta.

Question 33

The Potsdam Declaration announced the prosecution of the Germans following WWII.

Question 34

The _____________ seeks profit by building up markets rather than assaulting worker rights.

Question 35

The _____________ was the first written legal protection for the British people.

Question 36

_____________ is an intervention that is agreed upon by all states involved in the conflict.

Question 37

Peacekeeping is intervention by heavily armed military forces.

Question 38

Are sanctions an effective weapon for promoting human rights? If so, how are they effective?
If not, how do they hurt human rights?

Question 39

The 2011 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to three women from Africa and the Arab world for their activism for women's rights.

Question 40

What is humanitarian intervention? Give examples.