Question 1

Darwin delayed for some time before publishing his idea.Which was NOT a reason for this delay?&#10;A)His idea acknowledged extinction.&#10;B)His idea did not include progressive evolution toward greater complexity.&#10;C)His version of evolution did not claim that evolution was leading toward humans.&#10;D)Nobody believed in evolution,and his idea proved it

Accepted Answer

While it is true that many people did not believe in evolution at the time, this was not a reason for Darwin's delay in publishing his idea. The other options are all valid reasons that contributed to his delay: acknowledging extinction challenged the prevailing view of a fixed and unchanging world, his idea did not align with the prevailing belief in progressive evolution, and his version of evolution did not suggest that humans were the pinnacle of creation.

Question 2

The idea that first proposed that changes in the earth took place over spans of time much longer than 6,000 years is&#10;A)catastrophism.&#10;B)evolution.&#10;C)paleontology.&#10;D)uniformitarianism.

Accepted Answer

Uniformitarianism proposed by James Hutton and later by Charles Lyell explained that geologic processes that shaped the earth in the past, such as erosion and volcanic activity, continue to operate in the same way over long periods of time. This idea supported the concept of deep time, where geological events took place over millions of years, which challenged the traditional view that the Earth was created only a few thousand years ago.

Question 3

Georges Cuvier pioneered the idea of reconstructing fossil species by comparing their remains to living species.This process is known as&#10;A)paleontology.&#10;B)comparative anatomy.&#10;C)inheritance of acquired characteristics.&#10;D)uniformitarianism.

Accepted Answer

Georges Cuvier's method of reconstructing fossil species involves comparing their remains to living species, which is known as comparative anatomy. This method allows scientists to make educated guesses about the habits, behavior, and appearance of extinct species. Paleontology refers to the study of fossils, but it's not specific to the method of reconstructing them. Inheritance of acquired characteristics and uniformitarianism are both concepts that are not directly related to this method of reconstruction.

Question 4

The explanation of geological and biological change as the result of a series of global floods,earthquakes,volcanoes,and so on,is known as&#10;A)uniformitarianism.&#10;B)evolution.&#10;C)stratigraphy.&#10;D)catastrophism.

Accepted Answer

Catastrophism attributes geological and biological change to catastrophic events such as floods, earthquakes, and volcanoes rather than gradual processes over long periods of time.

Question 5

The basic laws of inheritance were articulated by&#10;A)Gregor Mendel.&#10;B)Charles Darwin.&#10;C)Charles Lyell.&#10;D)Jean de Lamarck.

Accepted Answer

The basic laws of inheritance were first studied and articulated by Gregor Mendel in his experiments with pea plants in the mid-19th century.

Question 6

Darwin's idea about the process of evolution is called&#10;A)uniformitarianism.&#10;B)natural selection.&#10;C)biological evolution.&#10;D)paleontology.

Accepted Answer

Darwin's idea about the process of evolution is known as natural selection. Natural selection is the process by which organisms with advantageous traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to the gradual adaptation of a species over time. Darwin's observations and research led him to develop the theory of natural selection as the driving force of evolution.

Question 7

The idea that fossils represent the remains of ancient creatures,now extinct or changed in form,is usually credited first to&#10;A)James Ussher.&#10;B)Robert Hooke.&#10;C)Charles Lyell.&#10;D)Charles Darwin.

Accepted Answer

The idea that fossils represent the remains of ancient creatures, now extinct or changed in form, is usually credited to Robert Hooke. In his book Micrographia (1665), Hooke described the fossil shells of ancient mollusks and suggested that they were the remains of once-living creatures. His contribution to the understanding of fossils paved the way for further research and discoveries in the field.

Question 8

Alfred Russel Wallace is known for&#10;A)proposing explanations for evolution that differed from Darwin's.&#10;B)coming up with natural selection at about the same time as Darwin.&#10;C)deriving the laws of genetics.&#10;D)his staunch advocacy of catastrophism.

Accepted Answer

Wallace independently conceived the theory of evolution through natural selection and co-published a paper on the subject with Charles Darwin, making him a key figure in the development of evolutionary theory.

Question 9

A major influence on Darwin's thinking was his observation of&#10;A)physical variation within species.&#10;B)the workings of genetics.&#10;C)how new species originate almost constantly in nature.&#10;D)how species are able to change without ever becoming extinct.

Accepted Answer

Darwin observed physical variation within species during his travels to different places in the world, which he later used as evidence for his theory of evolution through natural selection.

Question 10

The first scientist to recognize the importance and meaning of geological strata was&#10;A)Nicholas Steno.&#10;B)James Hutton.&#10;C)Charles Lyell.&#10;D)Charles Darwin.

Accepted Answer

Nicholas Steno, a Danish scientist, is considered the father of stratigraphy and the first to recognize the principle of superposition, which states that each layer of rock is younger than the layer beneath it. He also identified the principle of original horizontality, which states that layers of sediment are generally deposited in a horizontal position.

Question 11

Which is NOT a part of Lamarck's inheritance of acquired characteristics?&#10;A)recognition by an organism of an environmental change&#10;B)automatic production of anatomical changes in response to environmental change&#10;C)possibility of extinction when the process doesn't work&#10;D)passing on of acquired changes to offspring

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which is NOT a part of Lamarck's...

Question 12

We now understand that Earth's history can be explained by&#10;A)strict uniformitarianism.&#10;B)traditional catastrophism.&#10;C)both natural and supernatural forces&#10;D)both uniformitarian processes,and localized and even some global catastrophes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of We now understand that Earth's history can...

Question 13

The contribution of Charles Darwin to the theory of evolution was that he&#10;A)proved evolution had occurred.&#10;B)disproved the biblical account of creation.&#10;C)provided a mechanism to explain how evolution works.&#10;D)was the first to apply the scientific method to examining evolution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The contribution of Charles Darwin to the...

Question 14

Archbishop James Ussher is credited with figuring the age of the earth to be about&#10;A)4.5 billion years.&#10;B)12 to 18 billion years.&#10;C)several million years.&#10;D)6,000 years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Archbishop James Ussher is credited with figuring...

Question 15

The idea of biological evolution goes back to A)the ancient Greeks. B)the century or so before Darwin. C)Isaac Newton. D)about the beginning of the 20^th century.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The idea of biological evolution goes back...

Question 16

The study of the layers of rock and soil below the earth's surface is called&#10;A)geology.&#10;B)paleontology.&#10;C)catastrophism.&#10;D)stratigraphy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The study of the layers of rock...

Question 17

Buffon,Hutton,and Lyell all thought geological change was fairly steady,slow,and caused by everyday processes,an idea known as&#10;A)uniformitarianism.&#10;B)inheritance of acquired characteristics.&#10;C)catastrophism.&#10;D)stratigraphy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Buffon,Hutton,and Lyell all thought geological change was...

Question 18

Steno,Hooke,and Cuvier all reconciled natural evidence with a biblical time frame through the concept of&#10;A)uniformitarianism.&#10;B)biological evolution.&#10;C)catastrophism.&#10;D)inheritance of acquired characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Steno,Hooke,and Cuvier all reconciled natural evidence with...

Question 19

According to Darwin's idea,what determines an individual's fitness?&#10;A)how long it lives&#10;B)how well it fights off diseases and predators&#10;C)how large and complex it is&#10;D)how successfully it reproduces

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Darwin's idea,what determines an individual's...

Question 20

Jean de Lamarck's idea about biological evolution contained both correct notions and incorrect ones.Which of his ideas has proved to be correct?&#10;A)Life evolves toward increasing complexity.&#10;B)Living forms become more perfect with time.&#10;C)The mechanism of evolution is the inheritance of acquired characteristics.&#10;D)Evolution is related to changes in adaptation to the environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jean de Lamarck's idea about biological evolution...

Deck 2: The Evolution of Evolution