Deck 48: Antibiotics Affecting Bacterial Protein Synthesis

Question 1

The nurse is obtaining a client's drug history prior to initiating therapy with gentamicin (Garamycin).The client takes furosemide (Lasix).Based on this information,the nurse identifies the client is at increased risk for:

A)nephrotoxicity.
B)ototoxicity.
C)pseudomembranous colitis.
D)photosensitivity.

Answer 1

ototoxicity.

Question 2

Antibacterial protein synthesis inhibitors act by:

A)disrupting the growth of the polypeptide chain.
B)inhibiting synthesis of enzymes.
C)promoting lysis of the cell wall.
D)disrupting cell wall synthesis.

Answer 2

disrupting the growth of the polypeptide chain.

Question 3

Which clients on erythromycin will the nurse monitor closely for drug-drug interactions? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Client wearing a fentanyl patch for chronic pain syndrome
B)Client taking theophylline for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
C)Recovering heroin addict who takes methadone daily
D)Client using topical neomycin for wound infection
E)Client who is 4 months pregnant and taking prenatal vitamins

Answer 3

Client wearing a fentanyl patch for chronic pain syndrome
Client taking theophylline for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Recovering heroin addict who takes methadone daily

Question 4

A pregnant client has been prescribed azithromycin (Zithromax)for an upper respiratory infection.The client asks the nurse why this medication was prescribed instead of erythromycin.The nurse explains that azithromycin: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)causes less nausea.
B)may be taken with or without food.
C)is safe to take during pregnancy.
D)does not cause diarrhea or abdominal pain.
E)is not associated with hypersensitivity.

Question 5

The nurse is instructing a female client about therapy with tetracycline (Sumycin).Which statement should be included in the instruction?

A)"Absorption of this drug is not affected by food."
B)"GI upset is a rare side effect."
C)"If taking oral contraceptives,an additional form of birth control is recommended."
D)"Take this drug immediately before bedtime."

Question 6

A clinic nurse is teaching a group of teens taking tetracycline for acne.Which teaching points should take priority? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Take tetracycline on an empty stomach to increase absorption.
B)Tetracycline may cause photosensitivity,making the skin susceptible to sunburn.
C)Tetracycline may cause vaginal yeast infection in women who are using oral contraceptives.
D)Tetracycline is one of the safest antibiotics to take during pregnancy.
E)Tetracycline commonly causes diarrhea.The client should start a clear liquid diet and slowly resume a normal diet.

Question 7

A client reports no improvement after 5 days of therapy with tetracycline.The nurse suspects drug resistance and knows that drug resistance can develop in which ways? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)A drug is prevented from concentrating inside the bacterial cell.
B)A broad-spectrum antibacterial drug is used instead of a narrow-spectrum drug.
C)A bacteriostatic agent is paired with a bacteriocidal agent.
D)Bacteria acquire the ability to degrade the antibiotic.
E)The shape of the bacteria mutates and prevents an antibiotic from binding to it.

Question 8

Bacterial protein synthesis is:

A)similar to human protein synthesis.
B)limited to cellular reproduction.
C)linked to the 80S ribosome.
D)controlled by metabolizing enzymes.

Question 9

The nurse is planning care for a client with diabetes who has been prescribed an aminoglycoside antibiotic for a serious infection.Which nursing diagnoses would take priority? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Knowledge,Deficient related to drug therapy
B)Injury,Risk for related to adverse drug effects
C)Infection,Risk for
D)Fluid Volume: Deficient,Risk for related to diarrhea
E)Hyperthermia

Question 10

The nurse is managing care for a client prescribed tetracycline who is reporting frequent episodes of diarrhea.The nurse plans to monitor this client for:

A)pseudomembranous colitis.
B)paralytic ileus.
C)intestinal obstruction.
D)impaired biliary function.

Question 11

The nurse tells a client with pneumonia that the physician has prescribed a macrolide antibiotic because: Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)newer macrolides have a longer half-life,which makes less frequent dosing attractive to clients.
B)newer macrolides cause fewer gastrointestinal symptoms.
C)macrolide antibiotics are considered one of the safest classes of antibiotics.
D)food does not interfere with the absorption of macrolide antibiotics as it does with other classes of antibiotics.
E)there are no strains of bacteria resistant to macrolide antibiotics.

Question 12

A client is prescribed gentamicin (Garamycin)concurrently with acyclovir (Zovirax).Which assessment would be the priority for the nurse?

A)Balance
B)Kidney function lab tests
C)Hearing
D)Visual acuity

Question 13

Bacterial protein synthesis inhibitors have selective toxicity because:

A)susceptible strains of bacteria are affected.
B)biochemical processes are the same.
C)human ribosomes are larger and denser than bacterial ribosomes.
D)antibacterial activity is broad-spectrum.

Question 14

A client who has been receiving therapy with tetracycline reports itching and yellowish discoloration of the skin.The nurse knows these symptoms could be associated with which adverse effect of tetracycline?

A)Cholestatic hepatitis
B)Acute pancreatitis
C)Fatty degeneration of the liver
D)Exfoliative dermatitis

Question 15

In which situation is it appropriate for the nurse to instruct the client to stop taking minocycline (Minocin)and promptly seek medical advice?

A)The client reports epigastric burning.
B)The client reports dizziness and vertigo.
C)The client reports vaginal discharge.
D)The client reports occasional nausea.

Question 16

Administering an aminoglycoside as monotherapy:

A)shortens the duration of therapy.
B)can lead to resistant bacterial strains.
C)reduces the incidence of adverse effects.
D)indicates that it is given intravenously.

Question 17

Antibiotics classified as bacteriocidal protein synthesis inhibitors at normal doses include:

A)gentamicin (Garamycin).
B)tetracycline (Sumycin).
C)clindamycin (Cleocin).
D)erythromycin (E-mycin).

Question 18

To prevent the most serious adverse effects of aminoglycosides in a diabetic client,the nurse will monitor which diagnostic lab reports? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Serum drug concentration of aminoglycoside
B)Serum creatinine
C)Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
D)Complete blood count (CBC)
E)Blood glucose

Question 19

An older adult has been prescribed an aminoglycoside antibiotic.The nurse would immediately contact the physician if the client exhibits which symptoms? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)High-pitched tinnitus
B)Vertigo
C)Nausea and vomiting
D)Diarrhea
E)Rash

Question 20

The components required for bacterial protein synthesis are:

A)mRNA,tRNA,and 80S ribosomes.
B)mRNA,tRNA,and 70S ribosome.
C)DNA,mRNA,cell wall,and nucleoid.
D)mRNA,tRNA,plasma membrane,and pili.