Deck 43: Immunizing Agents

Question 1

What was the first major disease to be prevented by inoculation?

A)Polio
B)Anthrax
C)Smallpox
D)Measles

Answer 1

Smallpox

Question 2

The mother asks the nurse why her child must have three doses of a certain vaccine over the next few months.Which response by the nurse is correct?

A)"For some diseases,multiple doses are needed over time to allow the development of full immunity."
B)"The drug level must be high enough to prevent disease."
C)"It is prophylactic because not all parents get the immunizations at the correct time."
D)"We are not certain,but more doses have proven to be more effective."

Answer 2

"For some diseases,multiple doses are needed over time to allow the development of full immunity."

Question 3

The mother asks the nurse why the human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil)is administered at age 11 or 12 rather than earlier,as with other vaccines.The nurse would correctly educate the mother by making which statement?

A)"The vaccine requires the onset of puberty to be effective."
B)"Other vaccines must be given first to establish immunity,upon which this immunization is based."
C)"The virus is spread by sexual contact,which mostly likely begins during the teen years."
D)"There are too many side effects if given too early."

Answer 3

"The virus is spread by sexual contact,which mostly likely begins during the teen years."

Question 4

In which client would the MMR vaccine be contraindicated?

A)A client with an allergy to neomycin
B)A client with an allergy to mold
C)A client with an allergy to yeast
D)A client with an allergy to milk

Question 5

The nursing student questions the faculty member regarding the need to obtain a hepatitis B titer.The faculty member is correct in saying that the purpose of a titer is to measure which component of immunity?

A)The degree of risk for future infections
B)The amount of vaccine present in the bloodstream
C)The amount of antibodies in the bloodstream
D)The amount of antigen in the bloodstream

Question 6

The nurse understands the primary diagnostic characteristic of pertussis as being which finding?

A)Raised red rash
B)A whoop sound on inspiration
C)Gagging and vomiting
D)Tightening of the jaw muscles

Question 7

The nurse would correctly order to administer the measles,mumps,and rubella vaccine in which client?

A)One with a history of asthma
B)One with a history of heart disease
C)The child in reverse isolation receiving chemotherapy
D)The student entering nursing school

Question 8

What is the term used to describe the placement of a foreign substance on or in an individual for the purpose of disease prevention?

A)Eradication
B)Incubation
C)Immunity
D)Vaccination

Question 9

What is the goal of active immunity?

A)Prevention of illness
B)Augmentation of the allergic response
C)Reduction of disease symptoms
D)Completion of the process of passive immunity

Question 10

The nurse would correctly educate parents about what common adverse effect of vaccine administration?

A)Cough and runny nose
B)Pain,swelling,and redness at injection sites
C)Fever of 101°F or greater
D)Development of a full-body rash

Question 11

From which sources can passive immunity be acquired? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Immunoglobulin
B)Maternal antibodies
C)Immunizations
D)Inoculation
E)Blood transfusions

Question 12

In which pregnancy category are almost all vaccines?

A)C
B)X
C)D
D)B

Question 13

The nurse correctly understands that the diphtheria toxoid is created by adding which substance to the diphtheria toxin?

A)Yeast
B)Mercury
C)Formalin
D)Mold

Question 14

The nurse teaches parents that which age is the earliest a pertussis vaccine should be administered?

A)2 months
B)5 years
C)2 years
D)15 months

Question 15

The mother asks the nurse who establishes immunization schedules.The nurse would correctly educate the mother by making which statement?

A)The American Academy of Pediatrics
B)The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
C)The American Medical Association
D)The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Question 16

In which client should the hepatitis B vaccine be withheld?

A)A client with anemia
B)A client with arthritis
C)A client with hypertension
D)A client with an active infection

Question 17

Which statement is true regarding active immunity?

A)Only active immunity processes respond to antigens.
B)Once acquired,active immunity lasts for the life of the host.
C)Active immunity occurs in response to a pathogen.
D)Most individuals are born with active immunity.

Question 18

Active immunity is a response to exposure to what substance?

A)Allergens
B)Immunoglobulins
C)A true pathogen
D)Antigens

Question 19

As a result of vaccination,what cells are formed?

A)Immunoglobulins
B)Alpha and beta
C)Antigens
D)B and T cells

Question 20

Smallpox vaccine was discovered in which century?

A)19th
B)17th
C)16th
D)18th

Question 21

Which vaccines are of the whole-agent type?

A)Diphtheria and tetanus
B)Measles and mumps
C)HPV and pertussis
D)Influenza and hepatitis A

Question 22

The nurse teaches nursing students that to maintain immunity,the booster for tetanus prevention should be given to adults at what intervals?

A)5 years
B)8 years
C)10 years
D)15 years

Question 23

A client has experienced an adverse reaction to an immunization.The nurse has reported the event to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).What response should the nurse expect from this group? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)An officer from VAERS will contact the nurse by telephone for follow-up.
B)The VAERS office will contact the client for verification of the report.
C)The data will be added to other data about the vaccine.
D)Information from the report will be published in a central repository.
E)The nurse will be asked to report the event to the state board of nursing.

Question 24

A nurse has administered a DTaP immunization to a 7-month-old infant.The nurse educates the parent that this is the first of a series of immunizations against which diseases? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Diptheria
B)Tetanus
C)Varicella
D)Pertussis
E)Hepatitis A

Question 25

The nurse correctly understands that the administration of the PCV vaccine should occur at which ages?

A)5 and 10 months
B)15 and 18 months
C)1,8,13,and 18 to 20 months
D)2,4,6,and 12 to 15 months

Question 26

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)says,"I'm not going to take a flu shot this year.If there is an outbreak,I'll take one then." How should the nurse respond to this statement? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)"I rarely take a flu shot either."
B)"Once the outbreak is here,it is usually too late for immunizations."
C)"We can't always treat influenza very effectively in people with COPD."
D)"If you had an immunization last year,it is probably still effective."
E)"If you change your mind,you can take one at your next appointment in January."

Question 27

A parent states,"The doctor said the hepatitis B vaccine is a live virus.I don't want to run the risk of giving my child hepatitis." How should the nurse respond? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)"The virus is alive but weakened,so it won't give your child the disease."
B)"Live viral vaccine does not mean that the virus is alive."
C)"The vaccine is noninfectious and can't cause hepatitis."
D)"We will give your child additional medications to prevent the virus from replicating."
E)"I'll tell the doctor that you have refused the immunization."

Question 28

Where do infected animals harbor the rabies virus?

A)Red blood cells
B)Saliva
C)Feces
D)Immunoglobulins

Question 29

The nurse correctly identifies which symptoms as the neurological findings associated with symptoms of meningococcus? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Seizures
B)Photophobia
C)Nuchal rigidity
D)Vomiting
E)Headache

Question 30

After administering vaccines to a 15-month-old child,the nurse should counsel the parent to control temperature elevation using which method?

A)Acetaminophen
B)Ibuprofen
C)Sponge baths
D)Aspirin

Question 31

Why was a recombinant form of the hepatitis B vaccine developed?

A)Concerns about liver immaturity of newborns
B)High number of allergic responses to the original form
C)Problems with virus inactivation by antibodies
D)Risk of HIV transmission with the original form of the vaccine

Question 32

Which population should receive the Zostavax vaccine?

A)Adults over 60
B)Pregnant women
C)Children at 15 months
D)College students

Question 33

The nurse would expect antibodies for passive immunity to be administered in which situations? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)The client is at great risk for exposure.
B)The initial immunization failed.
C)The client has already been exposed to a virulent pathogen.
D)The client has undergone bone marrow transplant.
E)There is not sufficient time to develop active immunity.

Question 34

Four cases of meningococcal meningitis have been reported in a local school district.The school nurse prepares to treat the remaining school population based upon which knowledge? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Anyone who has been potentially exposed should be immunized.
B)Immunization will occur using one of the four types of vaccines available.
C)No treatment is necessary,since meningitis is rarely contracted by casual contact.
D)Many people will choose not to be immunized because meningitis is not a lethal disorder.
E)Treatment often includes use of prophylactic antibiotics.

Question 35

A client who is going to Africa requires vaccination against hepatitis A.How should the nurse schedule the three injections needed for this vaccination? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Give the first of the series today.
B)Give the second of the series tomorrow.
C)Give all three injections today.
D)Give the third injection of the series in 8 weeks.
E)Give the next two injections at least 8 weeks apart.

Question 36

The nurse would expect RhoGAM to be administered to which client?

A)A client at 28 weeks' gestation
B)A client undergoing kidney transplant
C)An HIV-positive client
D)An immunosuppressed client

Question 37

The client who has received intravenous immune globulin must wait what length of time before receiving active immunization?

A)2 months
B)1 year
C)4 months
D)1 month

Question 38

The nurse correctly understands that the administration of the meningococcal vaccine should occur at which ages?

A)2,4,and 6 months
B)11 years
C)15 and 18 months
D)Within 12 hours of birth

Question 39

A nurse is caring for a client who was just administered hepatitis B immune globulin.The client asks,"How long will it take until I'm protected against hepatitis?" The nurse's response is based on which understanding?

A)It takes several months for the immune system to respond to the antibodies.
B)The client is protected immediately.
C)It is impossible to determine how long it will take,but blood tests will be performed.
D)Active immunity will occur in 10 days to 2 weeks.

Question 40

Which clients would the nurse identify as acceptable candidates for live,attenuated intranasal vaccine (LAIV)for influenza? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)A 25-year-old woman who is in the third trimester of pregnancy
B)A 3-year-old going to daycare for the first time
C)A 65-year-old resident of an assisted living community
D)A 24-year-old male who works in an inner-city homeless shelter
E)A 17-year-old soccer player

Question 41

A client has been bitten by a pet raccoon.What rabies prophylaxis is indicated? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)None,since pets are unlikely to carry rabies
B)Observation of the animal for 60 days
C)One dose of rabies immune globulin
D)Five doses of rabies vaccine over a 28-day period
E)One dose of vaccine each week for 6 months

Question 42

The father of a 3-year-old states,"He isn't current on his immunizations.I have full custody of him now,but I don't know what he needs." Which nursing diagnoses would the nurse choose for this situation? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Caregiver Role Strain
B)Coping,Ineffective
C)Knowledge,Deficient
D)Health Maintenance,Ineffective

Question 43

A nurse is working with an outreach group to educate the public regarding influenza immunization.Which groups should this nurse target? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

A)Residents of long-term care
B)Health care providers
C)Healthy young males
D)Women who will be pregnant during influenza season
E)Children with asthma