Deck 1: Why Study Money, Banking, and Financial Markets

Question 1

High interest rates might ________ purchasing a house or car but at the same time high interest rates might ________ saving.

A) discourage; encourage
B) discourage; discourage
C) encourage; encourage
D) encourage; discourage

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Lower interest rates might cause a corporation to ________ building a new plant that would provide more jobs.

A) complete
B) postpone
C) consider
D) start

Answer 2

C

Question 3

________ markets transfer funds from people who do not have a productive use for them to people who do.

A) Commodity
B) Fund-available
C) Financial
D) Derivative exchange

Answer 3

C

Question 4

A share of common stock is a claim on a corporation's ________.

A) debt
B) liabilities
C) expenses
D) earnings and assets

Question 5

A security is also known as ________.

A) a financial instrument
B) a contingent claim
C) the interest rate
D) a liability

Question 6

Compared to interest rates on long-term bonds, interest rates on three-month Treasury bills fluctuate ________ and are ________ on average.

A) more; lower
B) less; lower
C) more; higher
D) less; higher

Question 7

The fluctuation of interest rates ________.

A) never occurs because the central bank is involved in setting the rate
B) is due to changes in stock prices
C) cannot occur because there is only one interest rate
D) impacts all Canadians

Question 8

Well-functioning financial markets promote ________.

A) inflation
B) deflation
C) unemployment
D) economic growth

Question 9

The bond markets are important because they are ________.

A) easily the most widely followed financial markets in Canada
B) the markets where foreign exchange rates are determined
C) where corporations and governments borrow to finance their activities
D) the markets where all borrowers get their funds

Question 10

The interest rate on long-term corporate bonds is ________, on average, than other interest rates. The spread between it an other rates ________ over time.

A) lower; remains constant
B) lower; fluctuates
C) higher; remains constant
D) higher; fluctuates

Question 11

The cost of borrowing is commonly referred to as the ________.

A) inflation rate
B) exchange rate
C) interest rate
D) aggregate price level

Question 12

A bond is ________.

A) not as good as investment as stocks
B) pays interest sporadically
C) never pays interest
D) makes payments periodically for a specified period of time

Question 13

Poorly performing financial markets can be the cause of ________.

A) wealth
B) poverty
C) financial stability
D) financial expansion

Question 14

A key factor in producing high economic growth is ________.

A) eliminating foreign trade
B) well-functioning financial markets
C) high interest rates
D) stock market volatility

Question 15

Financial markets promote economic efficiency by ________.

A) channelling funds from investors to savers
B) creating inflation
C) channelling funds to those who have a productive use for them
D) reducing investment

Question 16

A common stock ________.

A) cannot be purchased by individuals
B) is also known as a debt security
C) is a share of ownership in a corporation
D) is a claim on assets

Question 17

An increase in interest rates might ________ saving because more can be earned in interest income.

A) encourage
B) discourage
C) disallow
D) invalidate

Question 18

Everything else held constant, an increase in interest rates on student loans ________.

A) may increase the cost of education
B) may reduce the cost of education
C) has no effect on educational costs
D) increases costs for students with no loans

Question 19

Everything else held constant, a rise in interest rates will cause spending on housing to ________.

A) rise
B) remain unchanged
C) either rise, fall, or remain the same
D) fall

Question 20

Markets in which funds are transferred from those who do not have a productive use for them to those who do are called ________.

A) commodity markets
B) fund-available markets
C) derivative exchange markets
D) financial markets

Question 21

A financial crisis is ________.

A) not possible in the modern financial environment
B) a major disruption in the financial markets
C) a feature of developing economies only
D) typically followed by an economic boom

Question 22

Banks ________.

A) are the smallest of the financial intermediaries
B) are the largest financial intermediaries
C) are barred from providing financial intermediation services
D) can only provide services to corporations

Question 23

On ________, October 19, 1987, the market experienced its worst one-day drop in its entire history with the S&P/TSX Composite falling by 11 percent.

A) "Terrible Tuesday"
B) "Woeful Wednesday"
C) "Freaky Friday"
D) "Black Monday"

Question 24

What is a stock? How do stocks affect the economy?

Question 25

The stock market is important because it is ________.

A) where interest rates are determined
B) the most widely followed financial market in the Canada
C) where foreign exchange rates are determined
D) the market where most borrowers get their funds

Question 26

Changes in stock prices ________.

A) do not affect people's wealth and their willingness to spend
B) affect firms' decisions to sell stock to finance investment spending
C) are predictable
D) are unimportant to decision makers

Question 27

Financial crises are characterized by ________.

A) surging employment
B) hyperinflation
C) decline in asset prices
D) high profits in the financial sector

Question 28

Stock prices are ________.

A) relatively stable trending upward at a steady pace
B) relatively stable trending downward at a moderate rate
C) extremely volatile
D) unstable trending downward at a moderate rate

Question 29

Stock prices, as measured by the S&P/TSX Composite Index, ________.

A) have not changed much over time
B) have risen smoothly over time
C) have been extremely volatile over time
D) have declined substantially since they peaked in the mid 1980s

Question 30

Fluctuations in stock prices ________.

A) have become less smaller since the year 2000
B) since the year 2000 are about the same as they were before the year 2000
C) have become more volatile since the year 2000
D) have been almost eliminated since the year 2000

Question 31

Why is it important to understand the bond market?

Question 32

Channelling funds from individuals with savings to those desiring funds when the saver does not purchase the borrower's security is known as ________.

A) barter
B) redistribution
C) financial intermediation
D) taxation

Question 33

When I purchase a corporate ________, I am lending the corporation funds for a specific time. When I purchase a corporation's ________, I become an owner in the corporation.

A) bond; stock
B) stock; bond
C) stock; debt security
D) bond; debt security

Question 34

Bonds of different maturities ________.

A) show no common features
B) have interest rates that tend to move together
C) have interest rates that can differ substantially
D) B and C only

Question 35

Which of the following are the largest financial intermediaries in the Canadian economy?

A) Insurance companies
B) Finance companies
C) Banks
D) Mutual funds

Question 36

The S&P/TSX Composite reached a peak of over 14000 in 2008 and then fell by ________.

A) 10%
B) 30%
C) 50%
D) 70%

Question 37

Chartered banks, trust and mortgage loan companies, and credit unions and caisses populaires ________.

A) no longer provide financial intermediation
B) since deregulation now provide services only to small depositors
C) accept deposits and make loans
D) create fluctuations in the stock market

Question 38

Banks are important to the study of money and the economy because they ________.

A) channel funds from investors to savers
B) have been a source of rapid financial innovation
C) are the only important financial institution in the US economy
D) create inflation

Question 39

Financial institutions that accept deposits and make loans include ________.

A) exchanges
B) banks
C) over-the-counter markets
D) finance companies

Question 40

A ________ is an example of a security, which is a claim on future income or ________.

A) bond; interest rate
B) bond; debt
C) stock; assets
D) stock; debt

Question 41

What crucial role do financial intermediaries perform in an economy?

Question 42

________ theory relates changes in the quantity of money to changes in aggregate economic activity and the price level.

A) Monetary
B) Fiscal
C) Financial
D) Systemic

Question 43

It is true that inflation is a ________.

A) continual increase in the money supply
B) continuous fall in prices
C) decline in interest rates
D) continual increase in the price level

Question 44

Complete Milton Friedman's famous statement, "Inflation is always and everywhere a ________ phenomenon."

A) recessionary
B) discretionary
C) repressionary
D) monetary

Question 45

Inflation ________.

A) can be explained by changes in the price level and money supply
B) cannot be explained historically
C) is unrelated to monetary variables
D) changes in government policy

Question 46

From 1968-2017 the price level in Canada increased more than ________.

A) twofold
B) threefold
C) sixfold
D) ninefold

Question 47

If ten years ago the prices of the items bought last month by the average consumer would have been much lower, then one can likely conclude that ________.

A) the aggregate price level has declined during this ten-year period
B) the average inflation rate for this ten-year period has been positive
C) the average rate of money growth for this ten-year period has been positive
D) the aggregate price level has risen during this ten-year period

Question 48

Prior to all recessions, there has been a drop in ________.

A) inflation
B) the money stock
C) the rate of money growth
D) interest rates

Question 49

Sustained downward movements in the business cycle are referred to as ________.

A) inflation
B) recessions
C) economic recoveries
D) expansions

Question 50

Which of the following is a true statement?

A) Money or the money supply is defined as Bank of Canada notes.
B) The average price of goods and services in an economy is called the aggregate price level.
C) The inflation rate is measured as the rate of change in the federal government budget deficit.
D) The aggregate price level is measured as the rate of change in the inflation rate.

Question 51

The delivery of financial services electronically is called ________.

A) e-business
B) e-commerce
C) e-finance
D) e-possible

Question 52

Financial innovation can lead to ________ and ________.

A) phishing; financial gain
B) higher interest rates; higher inflation
C) higher profits; financial disasters
D) lower interest rates; lower inflation

Question 53

Why is the study of financial innovation important?

Question 54

The average price of goods and services in the economy is called ________.

A) the aggregate price level
B) inflation
C) interest rates
D) deflation

Question 55

A sharp increase in the growth of the money supply is likely followed by ________.

A) a recession
B) a depression
C) an increase in the inflation rate
D) no change in the economy

Question 56

Evidence from business cycle fluctuations in Canada indicates that ________.

A) a negative relationship between money growth and general economic activity exists
B) recessions have been preceded by declines in share prices on the stock exchange
C) recessions have been preceded by dollar depreciation
D) recessions have been preceded by a decline in the growth rate of money

Question 57

Money is defined as ________.

A) bills of exchange
B) anything that is generally accepted in payment for goods and services or in the repayment of debt
C) a repository of spending power
D) the unrecognized liability of governments

Question 58

The upward and downward movement of aggregate output produced in the economy is referred to as the ________.

A) roller coaster
B) see saw
C) business cycle
D) shock wave

Question 59

The term "bank" generally includes all of the following institutions except ________.

A) chartered banks
B) credit unions
C) trust and mortgage loan companies
D) finance companies

Question 60

During a recession, output declines resulting in ________.

A) lower unemployment in the economy
B) higher unemployment in the economy
C) no impact on the unemployment in the economy
D) higher wages for the workers

Question 61

Which of the following is most likely to result from a stronger Canadian dollar?

A) Canadian goods exported aboard will cost less in foreign countries, and so foreigners will buy more of them.
B) Canadian goods exported aboard will cost more in foreign countries and so foreigners will buy more of them.
C) Canadian goods exported abroad will cost more in foreign countries, and so foreigners will buy fewer of them.
D) Canadians will purchase fewer foreign goods.

Question 62

What happens to economic growth and unemployment during a business cycle recession? What is the relationship between the money growth rate and a business cycle recession?

Question 63

Budget deficits are important because deficits ________.

A) cause bank failures
B) always cause interest rates to fall
C) may lead to a financial crisis
D) always cause prices to fall

Question 64

In the 1970s, in Canada, interest rates trended upward. During this same time period, ________.

A) the rate of money growth declined
B) the rate of money growth increased
C) the government budget deficit (expressed as a percentage of GNP) trended downward
D) inflation fell

Question 65

Countries with low inflation rates include ________.

A) Canada, Sweden and the United States
B) Canada, Ukraine and the United States
C) Turkey, Ukraine and Zambia
D) Turkey, Ukraine and Canada

Question 66

The price of one country's currency in terms of another country's currency is called the ________.

A) foreign exchange rate
B) interest rate
C) TSE index
D) inflation rate

Question 67

The management of money and interest rates is called ________ policy and is conducted by a nation's ________ bank.

A) debt; superior
B) fiscal; superior
C) fiscal; central
D) monetary; central

Question 68

Everything else held constant, a weaker Canadian dollar will likely hurt ________.

A) textile exporters in Quebec
B) wheat farmers in Saskatchewan that sell domestically
C) automobile manufacturers in Ontario that use domestically produced inputs
D) furniture importers in British Columbia

Question 69

________ policy involves decisions about government spending and taxation.

A) Monetary
B) Fiscal
C) Risk Management
D) Systemic

Question 70

Budget deficits can be a concern because they might ________.

A) ultimately lead to higher inflation
B) lead to lower interest rates
C) lead to a slower rate of money growth
D) lead to higher bond prices

Question 71

Evidence from Canada and other foreign countries indicates that ________.

A) there is a strong positive association between inflation and growth rate of money supply over long periods of time
B) there is little support for the assertion that "inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon"
C) countries with low monetary growth rates tend to experience higher rates of inflation, all else being constant
D) money growth is clearly unrelated to inflation

Question 72

Describe the relationship between the aggregate price level and the growth rate in money supply. Can the relationship be used to explain inflation?

Question 73

Countries that experience very high rates of inflation may also have ________.

A) balanced budgets
B) rapidly growing money supplies
C) falling money supplies
D) constant money supplies

Question 74

Canadian companies can borrow funds ________.

A) only in Canadian financial markets
B) only in foreign financial markets
C) in both Canadian and foreign financial markets
D) only from the Canadian government

Question 75

When tax revenues are greater than government expenditures, the government has a budget ________.

A) crisis
B) deficit
C) surplus
D) revision

Question 76

There is a ________ association between inflation and the growth rate of money ________.

A) positive; demand
B) positive; supply
C) negative; demand
D) negative; supply

Question 77

The market where one currency is converted into another currency is called the ________ market.

A) security
B) bond
C) derivatives
D) foreign exchange

Question 78

Everything else constant, a stronger Canadian dollar will mean that ________.

A) vacationing in England becomes more expensive
B) vacationing in England becomes less expensive
C) French cheese becomes more expensive
D) Japanese cars become more expensive

Question 79

The foreign exchange rate is ________.

A) determined by the banks
B) not important to Canadian individuals
C) the relative price of two currencies
D) the ratio of the foreign aggregate price level to the domestic aggregate price level

Question 80

A budget ________ occurs when government expenditures exceed tax revenues for a particular time period.

A) deficit
B) surplus
C) surge
D) surfeit