Question 1

The caries process begins when the pH drops below what level?&#10;A) 7&#10;B) 6.5&#10;C) 5.5&#10;D) 5

Accepted Answer

When oral pH falls below 5.5, oral bacteria can begin the demineralization process that leads to tooth decay.

Question 2

Which of the following is a significant food source of fluoride?&#10;A) Brewed tea&#10;B) Beef&#10;C) Coffee&#10;D) Spinach

Accepted Answer

Most foods, unless prepared with fluoridated water, contain minimal amounts of fluoride, except for brewed tea.

Question 3

The ingestion of which of the following is most likely to promote bacterial activity that promotes dental caries?&#10;A) Sucrose, glucose, and fructose&#10;B) Xylitol, mannitol, and lactose&#10;C) Aspartame, saccharin, and cyclamate&#10;D) Xylitol, saccharin, and galactose

Accepted Answer

Sucrose, glucose, and fructose are fermentable by oral bacteria that promote tooth decay. Some nonnutritive sweeteners, such as aspartame and saccharine, are cariostatic. Others, such as xylitol and other sugar alcohols, are anticariogenic.

Question 4

The optimal level of water fluoridation to protect against dental caries is _____ ppm.&#10;A) 0.1 to 0.6&#10;B) 0.7 to 1.2&#10;C) 1.2 to 1.4&#10;D) 1.4 to 2.0

Accepted Answer

Standards for fluoridation of a water supply provide between 0.7 and 1.2 ppm. At this level, the incidence of caries development is reduced, and there is low likelihood of teeth staining or mottling occurring. Infants and children should receive fluoride supplementation if the water supply provides 0.6 ppm of fluoride or less.

Question 5

What is the appropriate dietary management for a patient with Sj&#246;gren syndrome?&#10;A) Provide foods that are pureed in form.&#10;B) Provide oral liquid supplements.&#10;C) Provide moist, soft, nonspicy food.&#10;D) Begin fluid restriction.

Accepted Answer

Sjögren syndrome results in salivary gland dysfunction, which could cause xerostomia. Providing moist, soft, nonspicy foods and increasing fluid consumption make it easier for the patient to eat without experiencing pain. Pureed foods are more commonly used in situations in which the patient has either chewing or swallowing difficulties. Oral liquid supplements may be necessary when oral intake is severely impaired, such as when stomatitis or ulceration of the mouth occurs.

Question 6

What role do nuts play in regard to the development of dental caries?&#10;A) They are cariogenic.&#10;B) They are cariostatic.&#10;C) They are anticariogenic.&#10;D) They are cariogenic when eaten with fruit.

Accepted Answer

Nuts do not contain a significant amount of fermentable carbohydrates and therefore are cariostatic. Other cariostatic foods include protein foods such as seafood, meat, eggs, and poultry; fats such as oils, butter, margarine, and seeds; and most vegetables.

Question 7

Which of the following can commonly occur after a patient develops gingival recession?&#10;A) Root caries&#10;B) Lingual caries&#10;C) Increased salivation&#10;D) Increased enamel production

Accepted Answer

When the gingiva recedes, this exposes the root of the tooth to plaque formation, causing root caries. Lingual caries, which occurs on the tongue side of the anterior teeth, is seen in people with bulimia or anorexia-bulimia. Caries development is associated with decreased salivation and erosion of tooth enamel.

Question 8

When a patient is identified as wearing full dentures, what else should be included in the nutrition assessment of the patient?&#10;A) Recent changes in the patient's weight&#10;B) The patient's regular daily fluid intake&#10;C) When the patient last had her own teeth&#10;D) The patient's daily intake of cariogenic foods

Accepted Answer

As dentures replace missing teeth, they need to be checked for appropriate fit. The fit of the dentures could be affected by weight changes. If a patient has lost weight recently, the dentures may fit loosely, and this could result in continuing decreased intake. Dentures do need to be cared for, so the patient or caregiver should perform regular cleaning. Fluid intake contributes to maintaining the dentures; however, adequacy of fluid intake is not associated with denture use. Dentures are made of materials that are not susceptible to cariogenicity.

Question 9

Which of the following are characteristics of foods having a low cariogenic potential?&#10;A) High content of protein, calcium, and phosphorus&#10;B) Low content of protein, calcium, and phosphorus&#10;C) Low content of phosphorus and protein&#10;D) High content of magnesium and fat

Accepted Answer

Milk and dairy products are considered to have low cariogenic potential because they have a high calcium and phosphorus content. Protein in food is considered to provide a cariostatic effect.

Question 10

Which can reduce the cariogenicity of a meal when it follows the meal?&#10;A) Eating dessert&#10;B) Eating a snack of pretzels&#10;C) Chewing sugar-free gum&#10;D) Eating fruit

Accepted Answer

Chewing sugar-free gum after a meal can help reduce its cariogenicity by promoting salivary stimulation, which clears fermentable carbohydrates from the surface of the teeth. Eating dessert, pretzels, or fruit at the end of a meal can have a cariogenic effect by contributing to fermentable sugars being available for plaque formation.

Question 11

To limit the chances of developing early childhood caries, which of the following should never be provided in a bottle as part of prolonged night feeding?&#10;A) Formula&#10;B) Milk&#10;C) Juice&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of To limit the chances of developing early...

Question 12

Why are foods that require a lot of chewing effective in promoting good dental health?&#10;A) They cleanse the tooth surface.&#10;B) They promote saliva flow.&#10;C) They lower the acidity level of the mouth.&#10;D) They decrease the fermentation of carbohydrate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why are foods that require a lot...

Question 13

Which of these is NOT a recommendation for people with xerostomia?&#10;A) Drink water with lemon.&#10;B) Chew xylitol-containing gum.&#10;C) Add peanut butter when eating crackers.&#10;D) Eat moist foods.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of these is NOT a recommendation...

Question 14

Cheese is considered to be anticariogenic because it&#10;A) induces an alkaline saliva.&#10;B) induces an acidic saliva.&#10;C) induces a neutral saliva.&#10;D) decreases saliva production.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cheese is considered to be anticariogenic because...

Question 15

When and for how long does tooth mineralization occur?&#10;A) From 2 months' gestation through 5 years of age&#10;B) From 4 months' gestation through the preteen years&#10;C) From 2 months' gestation through the preteen years&#10;D) From 4 months' gestation through 5 years of age

Accepted Answer

The answer of When and for how long does tooth...

Question 16

Which of the following foods would be identified to a patient as being potentially cariogenic?&#10;A) Raw carrots and apples&#10;B) Cheddar cheese&#10;C) Butter&#10;D) Crackers and pretzels

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following foods would be...

Question 17

Which of the following may result from oral candidiasis?&#10;A) Tooth loss&#10;B) Dry mouth&#10;C) Ulcer formation&#10;D) Odynophagia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following may result from...

Question 18

Under which conditions should an infant receive fluoride supplementation?&#10;A) At 6 months if breastfed in a fluoridated community&#10;B) At 6 months if breastfed and given water in a fluoridated community&#10;C) At 3 months if breastfed in a fluoridated community&#10;D) At 3 months if breastfed and given water in a fluoridated community

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under which conditions should an infant receive...

Question 19

Along with tooth susceptibility, bacterial presence in the plaque, and sufficient exposure to promote acid production, what other factor is necessary for the development of dental caries?&#10;A) An anaerobic environment&#10;B) An available substrate for bacterial metabolism&#10;C) Adequate saliva&#10;D) Alkaline pH

Accepted Answer

The answer of Along with tooth susceptibility, bacterial presence in...

Deck 25: Nutrition for Oral and Dental Health