Deck 26: Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Which type of cells contain hemoglobin?

A) Platelets
B) Fibroblasts
C) Leukocytes
D) Erythrocytes

Answer 1

D
Explanation: RBCs contain a molecule called hemoglobin, giving blood its characteristic red color.

Question 2

Which term means blood cell production?

A) Hyperemia
B) Hematopoiesis
C) Remodeling
D) Ossification

Answer 2

B
Explanation: Blood cell production, called hematopoiesis, occurs in red bone marrow. These cells include erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes.

Question 3

Which type of cells are involved in hemostasis?

A) Platelets
B) Leukocytes
C) Erythrocytes
D) Red blood cells

Answer 3

A
Explanation: Thrombocytes, or platelets, are cell fragments that help reduce blood loss from damaged vessel walls by promoting hemostasis or mechanisms that slow blood loss or that stop bleeding.

Question 4

What is another term for thrombocytes?

A) Platelets
B) Leukocytes
C) Erythrocytes
D) Red blood cells

Question 5

Which blood type is called the universal donor?

A) Type A
B) Type B
C) Type AB
D) Type O

Question 6

Which function does the cardiovascular system perform?

A) Digests, absorbs, and eliminates ingested substances
B) Produces heat, maintains posture, and produces movement
C) Combats hemorrhage and blood loss
D) Regulates reproduction and helps stress responses

Question 7

Which type of cells transports oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from body cells?

A) Platelets
B) Fibroblasts
C) Leukocytes
D) Erythrocytes

Question 8

Where are blood cells formed?

A) Liver and spleen
B) Red bone marrow
C) Hepatic portal system
D) Aorta and coronary sinus

Question 9

What percentage of blood is plasma?

A) 10%
B) 25%
C) 55%
D) 90%

Question 10

What determines whether blood is bright red or dull brick red in color?

A) Iron content
B) Platelet count
C) Oxygen content
D) Platelet count

Question 11

Which structure is a superior heart chamber?

A) Atrium
B) Ventricle
C) Coronary sinus
D) Pulmonary trunk

Question 12

Which liquid are blood cells suspended in?

A) Lymph
B) Plasma
C) Interstitial fluid
D) Synovial fluid

Question 13

Which blood type is called the universal recipient?

A) Type A
B) Type B
C) Type AB
D) Type O

Question 14

Which layer makes up the bulk of the heart wall?

A) Epicardium
B) Pericardium
C) Myocardium
D) Endocardium

Question 15

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes are all which type of cells?

A) Platelets
B) Leukocytes
C) Erythrocytes
D) Fibroblasts

Question 16

Which characteristic describes blood?

A) Slightly cooler than normal body temperature
B) Thinner and less adhesive than water
C) Bright scarlet red to dull maroon in color
D) Slightly acidic pH

Question 17

Proteins that are used to classify blood types are on the surfaces of which type of cells?

A) Platelets
B) Fibroblasts
C) Leukocytes
D) Erythrocytes

Question 18

Which term means slowing blood loss or stopping of bleeding?

A) Hypertension
B) Hemorrhage
C) Homeostasis
D) Hemostasis

Question 19

Which type of cells serve as part of the body's defense mechanisms?

A) Platelets
B) Leukocytes
C) Erythrocytes
D) Red blood cells

Question 20

Which blood type is without antigen A and antigen B?

A) Type A
B) Type B
C) Type AB
D) Type O

Question 21

Which term means enlarging or widening of the lumen of a blood vessel?

A) Pulse
B) Vasodilation
C) Cardiac cycle
D) Vasoconstriction

Question 22

Which blood vessel is the only artery that transports oxygen-depleted blood?

A) Aorta
B) Carotid
C) Coronary
D) Pulmonary

Question 23

Which structure is an inferior heart chamber?

A) Atrium
B) Ventricle
C) Coronary sinus
D) Pulmonary trunk

Question 24

Which term means a decrease in local blood flow?

A) Pulse
B) Ischemia
C) Hyperemia
D) Vasoconstriction

Question 25

Which part of the heart's conduction system is located in the interventricular septum?

A) SA node
B) AV node
C) Bundle of His
D) Purkinje fibers

Question 26

Which term means the space within blood vessels?

A) Fossa
B) Cavity
C) Lumen
D) Sinus

Question 27

Tachycardia is a heart rate of how many beats per minute?

A) Fewer than 50
B) 72 to 80
C) 60 to 70
D) More than 100

Question 28

The bicuspid valve is also known as which valve?

A) Mitral
B) Aortic
C) Tricuspid
D) Pulmonary

Question 29

The right atrioventricular valve is also known as which valve?

A) Mitral
B) Aortic
C) Tricuspid
D) Pulmonary

Question 30

Which valve is located between the pulmonary trunk and the right ventricle?

A) Mitral
B) Aortic
C) Tricuspid
D) Pulmonary

Question 31

Which term means an increase in local blood flow?

A) Pulse
B) Ischemia
C) Hyperemia
D) Vasoconstriction

Question 32

Which factor creates the sounds of a beating heart?

A) Closure of the valves
B) Closure of the ventricles
C) Nerve impulses along the conduction system
D) Superior vena cava and pulmonary veins emptying into the atria

Question 33

Which valve is located between the aorta and the left ventricle?

A) Mitral
B) Aortic
C) Tricuspid
D) Pulmonary

Question 34

Bradycardia is heart rate of how many beats per minute?

A) Fewer than 50
B) 72 to 80
C) 60 to 70
D) More than 100

Question 35

Which part of the heart's conduction generates the heartbeat and sets the pace?

A) SA node
B) AV node
C) Bundle of His
D) Purkinje fibers

Question 36

Which term means narrowing of the lumen of a blood vessel?

A) Pulse
B) Vasodilation
C) Cardiac cycle
D) Vasoconstriction

Question 37

Which term refers to the expansion in arteries that occurs as the heart beats?

A) Pulse
B) Ischemia
C) Hyperemia
D) Cardiac output

Question 38

Which structures regulate the flow of blood through the heart?

A) Valves
B) Atria
C) Carotid sinuses
D) Atrioventricular septa

Question 39

Which term refers to the sequence of events from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next called?

A) Pulse
B) Cardiac cycle
C) Conduction system
D) Bradycardia

Question 40

Which term means the number of cardiac cycles that occur in 1 minute?

A) Heart rate
B) Heart murmur
C) Blood pressure
D) Conduction system

Question 41

Which condition is inflammation of a vein and blood clot formation?

A) Anemia
B) Angina pectoris
C) Deep vein thrombosis
D) Congestive heart failure

Question 42

Which term refers to the rate at which blood flows back to the heart?

A) Venous stasis
B) Venous return
C) Cardiac insufficiency
D) Cardiac output

Question 43

Which condition is a disorder of intermittent or sustained elevated blood pressure?

A) Anemia
B) Hypertension
C) Raynaud disease
D) Peripheral vascular disease

Question 44

Which condition is characterized by chest pain from a temporary reduction of blood flow to the heart?

A) Anemia
B) Angina pectoris
C) Raynaud disease
D) Deep vein thrombosis

Question 45

Which term means refers to the maximum pressure within an artery during the cardiac cycle?

A) Pulse
B) Systole
C) Diastole
D) Vasomodilation

Question 46

Which term means the amount of force exerted by the blood on vessel walls as the heart beats?

A) Cardiac cycle
B) Stroke volume
C) Blood pressure
D) Blood volume

Question 47

Which artery is the largest in diameter?

A) Aorta
B) Carotid
C) Coronary
D) Pulmonary

Question 48

Which condition involves dilated veins caused by incompetent valves?

A) Anemia
B) Hypertension
C) Varicose veins
D) Angina pectoris

Question 49

Which blood vessel is the only vein that transports oxygen-rich blood?

A) Aorta
B) Carotid
C) Coronary
D) Pulmonary

Question 50

Which pathway consists of two capillary beds connected through a system of veins?

A) Portal system
B) Vascular system
C) Cardiac circuit
D) Pulmonary circuit

Question 51

Which structures are the site of exchange between the blood and tissue cells?

A) Ventricles
B) Veins
C) Arteries
D) Capillaries

Question 52

Which condition is the inability of the heart to pump blood to meet the body's demands?

A) Anemia
B) Aneurysm
C) Deep vein thrombosis
D) Congestive heart failure

Question 53

Which pathway replenishes the oxygen supply of the blood and eliminates gaseous wastes?

A) Venous portal
B) Hepatic portal
C) Systemic circuit
D) Pulmonary circuit

Question 54

Which condition is a reduction in the quantity of either red blood cells or their hemoglobin?

A) Anemia
B) Phlebitis
C) Hypertension
D) Atherosclerosis

Question 55

Normal blood pressure reading for an average adult is how many mm Hg?

A) 60/90
B) 120/80
C) 145/110
D) 150/120

Question 56

Which condition is characterized by periodic episodes of vasospasm in the fingers and toes?

A) Raynaud disease
B) Deep vein thrombosis
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Congestive heart failure

Question 57

Which condition is inflammation of the veins?

A) Anemia
B) Phlebitis
C) Hypertension
D) Angina pectoris

Question 58

Which term means the degree of muscle contraction present within venous walls?

A) Venous stasis
B) Venomotor tone
C) Venous insufficiency
D) Venous portal system

Question 59

Which term means a heart attack, and is characterized by disruption of blood flow to the heart?

A) Raynaud disease
B) Deep vein thrombosis
C) Myocardial infarction
D) Congestive heart failure

Question 60

Which condition involves the presence of atherosclerotic plaque within arteries of the heart?

A) Hypertension
B) Raynaud disease
C) Deep vein thrombosis
D) Coronary artery disease