Deck 33: Circulation

Question 1

What happens with blood flow at the arteriole end of a capillary?

A)Pressure forces some fluid out of the capillary into the interstitial fluid.
B)Pressure forces some fluid into the capillary from the interstitial fluid.
C)Osmotic pressure forces fluid out of the capillary into the interstitial fluid.
D)There is no fluid movement in either direction.
E)Osmotic pressure of the blood is lower than at the venule end.

Answer 1

Pressure forces some fluid out of the capillary into the interstitial fluid.

Question 2

In an open circulatory system, the circulatory fluid is called ____.

A)blood
B)plasma
C)interstitial fluid
D)lymph
E)hemolymph

Answer 2

E

Question 3

Cardiac muscle cells have ____ that connect cytoplasm of adjacent cells.

A)sarcomeres
B)a pericardium
C)tight junctions
D)gap junctions
E)desmosomes

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Blood returning to the heart from the limbs enters the ____.

A)right ventricle
B)aorta
C)right atrium
D)left atrium
E)left ventricle

Question 5

Megakaryocytes fragment to produce ____.

A)red blood cells
B)lymphocytes
C)platelets
D)eosinophils
E)neutrophils

Question 6

Varicose veins may be the result of ____.

A)excessive blood volume
B)thickened walls of veins
C)slow blood movement
D)damaged valves
E)excessive exercise

Question 7

Which blood vessel type can function as blood volume reservoirs?

A)veins
B)arteries
C)arterioles
D)capillaries
E)ventricles

Question 8

Which vessel type regulates the amount of blood a particular area receives?

A)arteries
B)arterioles
C)capillaries
D)venules
E)veins

Question 9

The pulmonary circuit ____.

A)involves the hepatic portal vein
B)moves oxygen-rich blood to the kidneys
C)includes the coronary arteries
D)leads to, through, and from the lungs
E)receives blood from the left ventricle

Question 10

What system reclaims fluids and proteins that have escaped from blood capillaries?

A)cardiovascular
B)pulmonary
C)lymphatic
D)sinoatrial
E)venous

Question 11

What happens when the ventricular blood pressure rises during ventricular contraction?

A)Aortic and pulmonary valves open.
B)Atrioventricular valves open.
C)The atria fill with blood.
D)Aortic and pulmonary valves close.
E)The ventricle passively fills with blood.

Question 12

What cellular components of blood initiate blood clots?

A)lymphocytes
B)basophils
C)erythrocytes
D)neutrophils
E)platelets

Question 13

​In the pulmonary circuit, pulmonary ____ carry oxygen-poor blood to lungs and pulmonary ____ return oxygenated blood to the heart.

A)​veins; arteries
B)​venules; capillaries
C)​capillaries; arteries
D)​arterioles; venules
E)​arteries; veins

Question 14

Blood in the superior and inferior vena cava is ____.

A)oxygen-rich
B)oxygen-poor
C)traveling in an artery
D)in pulmonary circulation
E)nutrient-rich

Question 15

Which organism has a three-chambered heart?

A)human
B)amphibian
C)arthropod
D)bird
E)fish

Question 16

What vessel type collects water and solutes from interstitial fluid, then delivers them to the circulatory system?

A)lymphatic
B)interstitial
C)arterioles
D)veins
E)venules

Question 17

Blood pressure depends on ____.

A)total blood volume only
B)cardiac output only
C)degree of arteriole dilation only
D)total blood volume and cardiac output only
E)total blood volume, cardiac output, and degree of arteriole dilation

Question 18

Which organisms have four-chambered hearts?

A)amphibians and most reptiles
B)fish
C)arthropods
D)birds and mammals
E)earthworms

Question 19

Normal diastolic pressure should not exceed ____.

A)60 mm Hg
B)80 mm Hg
C)100 mm Hg
D)120 mm Hg
E)150 mm Hg

Question 20

Which structure is responsible for setting the heart rate?

A)atrioventricular node
B)intercalated disk
C)sinoatrial node
D)pericardium
E)septum

Question 21

Most of the oxygen in the blood is bound to ____.

A)plasma
B)serum
C)platelets
D)hemoglobin
E)leukocytes

Question 22

In the clotting process, ____ forms a mesh that traps blood cells and platelets.

A)fibrin
B)fibrinogen
C)thrombin
D)prothrombin
E)plasmin

Question 23

The process by which blood loss stops is ____.

A)homeostasis
B)hemostasis
C)hemolysis
D)hematopoiesis
E)hemoglobin

Question 24

In a closed circulatory system, transfers between blood and the cells of other tissues take place across ____.

A)capillaries
B)veins
C)arteries
D)lymph vessels
E)all blood vessels

Question 25

In the human systemic circuit, blood will pass through all but which structure?

A)liver
B)limbs
C)lungs
D)digestive organs
E)brain

Question 26

Human plasma is mainly composed of ____.

A)albumin
B)red blood cells
C)white blood cells
D)water
E)dissolved ions, sugars, and hormones

Question 27

What cells do not participate in a defense response?

A)erythrocytes
B)neutrophils
C)lymphocytes
D)eosinophils
E)monocytes

Question 28

At the vein end of the capillary, more fluid leaves the capillary than enters as a result of differences in ____.

A)plasma concentration
B)vasoconstriction
C)vasodilation
D)blood pressure
E)interstitial fluid osmotic pressure

Question 29

Blood pressure is highest in the ____.

A)arteries
B)arterioles
C)capillary bed
D)venules
E)veins

Question 30

The pulmonary artery carries blood away from the ____.

A)aorta
B)right atrium
C)right ventricle
D)left atrium
E)left ventricle

Question 31

How may high blood pressure affect normal exchange at capillaries?

A)More fluid may be forced out of the capillaries.
B)More interstitial fluid may enter capillaries via osmosis.
C)A slower rate of blood flow will ensue.
D)Diffusion will increase through capillaries.
E)A loss of plasma proteins will occur.

Question 32

In humans, what cells do not have a nucleus when mature?

A)erythrocytes
B)lymphocytes
C)neutrophils
D)eosinophils
E)monocytes

Question 33

Where is blood flow slowest?

A)arteries
B)arterioles
C)capillaries
D)venules
E)veins

Question 34

What blood cells are the most abundant in the human body?

A)lymphocytes
B)basophils
C)erythrocytes
D)neutrophils
E)platelets

Question 35

Four of the five answers are correct statements about the circulatory system. Select the exception.

A)The systemic circuit carries oxygenated blood.
B)Humans have an open circulatory system.
C)The function of the heart is to generate pressure to make the blood flow through the circulatory system.
D)The rate of blood flow varies throughout the circulatory system.
E)The interstitial fluid is returned to the circulatory system through the lymphatic system.

Question 36

The risk of atherosclerosis rises with increased levels of ____ in the blood.

A)clots
B)LDLs
C)HDLs
D)protein carriers
E)white blood cells

Question 37

What causes the AV (atrioventricular) valves within the heart to open during the cardiac cycle?

A)pressure generated by ventricular muscle contraction
B)an action potential
C)fluid pressure from the atria filling with blood
D)a pacemaker signal
E)arterial blood pressure

Question 38

Four of the five answers listed below are characteristics of most veins. Select the exception.

A)blood volume reservoir
B)contain valves
C)low resistance-transport tubes
D)oxygen-rich blood
E)low blood pressure

Question 39

Before entering the heart, blood from the intestines must first pass through the ____.

A)brain
B)kidneys
C)liver
D)lungs
E)stomach

Question 40

A small mass of tissue with many lymphocytes that filters lymph is the ____.

A)thymus
B)SA node
C)spleen
D)lymph node
E)lymphatic duct

Question 41

Narrowing of the arterial interior diameter due to buildup of lipids is ____.

A)atrial fibrillation
B)atherosclerosis
C)a blood clot
D)arrhythmia
E)angioplasty

Question 42

​During blood clot formation, the soluble plasma protein ____ is converted to insoluble threads of ____.

A)​fibrinogen; fibrin
B)​fibrin; fibrinogen
C)​fibrinogen; thrombin
D)​albumin; fibrin
E)​fibrin; albumin

Question 43

A faster-than-normal heart rate is called ____.

A)bradycardia
B)atrial fibrillation
C)tachycardia
D)ventricular fibrillation
E)stroke

Question 44

Match the blood circuit to the correct description.
a.systemic circuit
b.pulmonary circuit
utilizes the body's largest artery

Question 45

Four of the five answers listed below are white blood cells. Select the exception.

A)neutrophil
B)erythrocyte
C)lymphocytes
D)monocyte
E)basophil

Question 46

Match the blood cell type to the correct description.
a.red blood cells
b.neutrophils
c.platelets
d.plasma proteins
This blood component plays a role in the inflammatory response.

Question 47

Match the blood cell type to the correct description.
a.red blood cells
b.neutrophils
c.platelets
d.plasma proteins
This blood component is involved in clotting of blood following a wound.

Question 48

In its travel through the human body, blood flows from capillaries to ____.

A)arterioles
B)venules
C)arteries
D)veins
E)other capillaries

Question 49

What structure is the only place where an action potential can cross to ventricles?

A)sinoatrial node
B)atrioventricular node
C)gap junction
D)the left atrium
E)conducting fiber

Question 50

The greatest volume of blood is found in the ____.

A)aorta and arteries
B)capillaries
C)veins
D)lungs
E)heart

Question 51

What event occurs first in the process of hemostasis?

A)Platelets stick together.
B)Platelets form a plug.
C)An enzyme cascade activates thrombin.
D)The injured vessel constricts.
E)Fibrin forms a clot.

Question 52

​During the cardiac cycle, when a heart chamber is relaxed, it is in ____ and when it is contracting, it is in ____.

A)​systole; diastole
B)​AV node; SA node
C)​diastole; systole
D)​ventricular fibrillation; atrial fibrillation
E)​atrial fibrillation; ventricular fibrillation

Question 53

Which blood vessel structure is only found in veins?

A)elastic layer
B)basement membrane
C)smooth muscle
D)valve
E)endothelium

Question 54

Match the blood cell type to the correct description.
a.red blood cells
b.neutrophils
c.platelets
d.plasma proteins
This blood component plays a role in osmotic balance of plasma.

Question 55

Match the blood circuit to the correct description.
a.systemic circuit
b.pulmonary circuit
blood returns to the heart through two large veins

Question 56

Match the blood circuit to the correct description.
a.systemic circuit
b.pulmonary circuit
conveys blood throughout the body

Question 57

Match the blood circuit to the correct description.
a.systemic circuit
b.pulmonary circuit
branches quickly into two arteries

Question 58

When the left ventricle contracts, blood moves into the ____.

A)aorta
B)pulmonary artery
C)left atrium
D)superior vena cava
E)pulmonary circuit

Question 59

Match the blood circuit to the correct description.
a.systemic circuit
b.pulmonary circuit
carries blood to and from the lungs

Question 60

Match the blood cell type to the correct description.
a.red blood cells
b.neutrophils
c.platelets
d.plasma proteins
This blood component contains hemoglobin.

Question 61

Match the circulatory system to the correct description.
a.fish circulatory system
b.amphibian circulatory system
c.​mammalian circulatory system
single circuit

Question 62

Match the circulatory system to the correct description.
a.fish circulatory system
b.amphibian circulatory system
c.​mammalian circulatory system
two partially separated circuits

Question 63

Match the circulatory system to the correct description.
a.fish circulatory system
b.amphibian circulatory system
c.​mammalian circulatory system
oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor blood never mix

Question 64

Match the circulatory system to the correct description.
a.fish circulatory system
b.amphibian circulatory system
c.​mammalian circulatory system
four-chambered heart

Question 65

Match the circulatory system to the correct description.
a.fish circulatory system
b.amphibian circulatory system
c.​mammalian circulatory system
three-chambered heart

Question 66

Match the circulatory system to the correct description.
a.fish circulatory system
b.amphibian circulatory system
c.​mammalian circulatory system
blood is not under pressure when it returns to the heart