Deck 16: Fundamentals of Data Analysis

Question 1

The difference between means is concerned with the association between two questions, the question defining the group for example, smokers or nonsmokers) and another question fear of fires).

Answer 1

True

Question 2

When problems are identified during the editing stage, the researcher's only options are to re-contact the respondent or to throw out the entire questionnaire.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Every questionnaire should have some open-ended questions.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

The decision to combine certain categories is dependent upon the ease with which this can be done and the number of original categories.

Question 5

If a research study is well designed, then the researcher is assured of clear judgments and conclusions leading to good decisions, even if the data analysis techniques aren't entirely appropriate.

Question 6

Product usage is a useful variable when a researcher is seeking to segment the population.

Question 7

It is generally easier for an analyst to interpret the raw numbers rather than the percentages that have been subsequently derived from the data.

Question 8

The basic purpose of data analysis is to extract meaning and knowledge from the collected data.

Question 9

It is generally easier to code open-ended questions as compared with closed-ended questions because the researcher has more options with open-ended questions.

Question 10

A frequency distribution simply reports the number of responses that each question category receives.

Question 11

Ambiguity is the result of an interviewer's failing to understand the question he must ask his respondents.

Question 12

The coding of closed-ended questions involves judgment decisions.

Question 13

When the data is collected on a nominal scale, the researcher can only use the mean and percentages to make meaningful conclusions.

Question 14

Consider the following question: "What are your opinions about the way the President is handling the economic problems facing the nation?" This is an example of a closed-ended question.

Question 15

Hypothesis testing of a difference between means can help a researcher decide whether a certain difference was obtained merely by chance or because of differences in the underlying populations.

Question 16

The purpose of editing is to identify omissions, ambiguities, and errors in the responses.

Question 17

Omissions refer simply to the errors resulting from the failure of interviewers to ask all questions.

Question 18

Frequency distributions, though sometimes unwieldy, do provide more information than does the sample mean.

Question 19

A researcher who uses a frequency distribution or a single number will necessarily reach the same conclusion.

Question 20

Data analysis is a powerful aid to gaining useful knowledge and it can help an investigator rescue even poorly conceived research.

Question 21

If a researcher's objective is to analyze a single question for various subgroups, based on a frequency distribution, the technique is termed cross-tabulation.

Question 22

The process that is used to make the sample data more representative of the population that has been surveyed is called a) editing b) coding c) weighting d) transcribing

Question 23

When cross-tabulating data, the objective of the researcher is to learn how the response variable varies from subgroup to subgroup.

Question 24

Coding for closed-ended questions is much more difficult than open-ended questions

Question 25

Analysis of association between two nominally scaled variables is called a) analysis of variance b) cross tabulation c) factor analysis d) cluster analysis

Question 26

Use intuition and common sense to revise erroneous
a.1
b.2
c.3
d.4
e.1, 2, or 3

Question 27

The most primitive form of data from data analysis perspective is a) nominal scale b) ordinal scale c) interval scale d) ratio scale

Question 28

While inspecting political polling data, you notice that when the distance jogged by the President the independent variable) increases, his popularity rating the dependent variable) goes down. This would indicate a positive correlation between the two variables.

Question 29

Ignore questionable responses while making use of the

Question 30

The t-test is more sensitive to violations of equal the equal-variance assumption.

Question 31

While analyzing his data, Mr.Thorough decided to use a frequency distribution to study the response to each question.Later he became interested in finding out if there were any significant differences between the three subgroups in his study.The appropriate technique at this stage is the difference between means.

Question 32

Multivariate analysis can be used to group variables or people or to understand the relationship between variables.

Question 33

A researcher made the following claim: "The correlation between the weight of a car and its mileage is 45." Without additional information, it is impossible to say whether this claim is true.

Question 34

The table above is an example of a difference between means.
B)a frequency distribution.
C)a two-way tabulation.
D)a cross-tabulation.
E)an interval-scaled question.

Question 35

If there are m levels of qualitative variables, ________ dummy variables are used to specify them a) m b) m+1 c) m-1 d) m x 2

Question 36

Nominal-scaled data is the best from the perspective of data analysis

Question 37

Cross-tabulation is the analysis of association between two variables that are nominally scaled.

Question 38

Scale transformation involves the manipulation of scale values to ensure compatibility with other scales

Question 39

The process of editing the data involves

A)detecting and correcting interviewer errors.
B)discovering inconsistencies between responses.
C)identifying omissions, ambiguities, and errors in responses.
D)eliminating data from ineligible respondents.
E)all of these.

Question 40

In weighting, categories that are underrepresented in the sample are given lower weights, while overrepresented categories are given higher weights

Question 41

The correlation between sales and radio ad budget

A)is 0.
B)is negative.
C)is approximately .9.
D)is less than .75.
E)cannot be calculated, because the number of data points is too small.

Question 42

The estimated number of students in the city's high schools

Question 43

A procedure in which the existing data with a large number of variables are collapsed into fewer variables, is called ________

A)Weighting
B)Standardization
C)Scale Transformation
D)Variable Re-specification

Question 44

Which of the questions listed below would be the easiest to code?

A)"What are the attributes that a good president must have?"
B)"What is your opinion of the influence of the Hare Krisna group a religious sect) on the minds of its younger members?"
C)"What influence, if any, do you think TV commercials have on children?"
D)"What are the major achievements and failures of the system of American government?"
E)"What type of oven do you have: 1) gas, 2) electric, 3) microwave, 4) other?"

Question 45

The expected percentages of basketball players in the

Question 46

A procedure in which the variables are brought to a mean of 0, and a standard deviation of 1 is called ________________

A)Data modification
B)Variable Re-specification
C)Scale Transformation
D)Standardization

Question 47

The percentage of people who say that they will buy the product as soon as it is introduced is: 1) less than that of those who will purchase if others seem satisfied; 2) 20 percent; 3) 2/3 of the percentage of people who will check the price before purchasing.

A)1)
B)1) and 2)
C)1), 2), and 3)
D)2) and 3)
E)1) and 3)

Question 48

The table shown above is an example of

A)one-way classification.
B)four-way classification.
C)six-way classification.
D)cross-tabulation.
E)none of the above.