Deck 5: A Marginal Province of a Troubled Republic

Question 1

The most important political issue in California during the 1820s and the 1830s was

A)the threat of a British take-over.
B)the establishment of schools for Californio youth.
C)the intrusion of American settlers and traders.
D)secularization of the missions.

Answer 1

secularization of the missions.

Question 2

Many California Indians believed that secularization meant

A)emancipation from the gente de razon.
B)takeover by the United States.
C)replacement of the Franciscans by Protestants.
D)Spain would reclaim "the Californias."

Answer 2

emancipation from the gente de razon.

Question 3

Under Mexican rule,California experienced numerous sectional,factional,or personal disputes.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Alvarado's revolution in 1836

A)created a "free and sovereign" state for 10 years.
B)was defeated by Gutierrez and Graham.
C)ended with the capture and execution of Alvarado.
D)ended when Alvarado was appointed Mexican governor.

Question 5

The quarrel between Juan Alvarado and Marian Vallejo was primarily about

A)the location of the California provincial capital.
B)division of the spoils of the California missions.
C)a young woman named Concepcion Arguello.
D)none of the above

Question 6

Most labor on the typical California rancho was performed by

A)Indians.
B)black slaves and indentured servants.
C)foreigners.
D)Californios.

Question 7

Under Mexican rule,the general government of California was essentially petty military despotism.

Question 8

During the Mexican period,real political authority in California was held by the

A)Mexican governors.
B)leading ranchero families.
C)Franciscan missionaries.
D)elected diputacion.

Question 9

From the California ranchero's point of view,labor relations on the typical rancho were a form of

A)chattel slavery.
B)beneficent paternalism.
C)cash-for-hire negotiation.
D)egalitarian socialism.

Question 10

Secularization of the California missions meant the

A)elimination of all religious authority and its replacement with civilian or lay leadership.
B)replacement of Franciscan missionaries with parish priests.
C)replacement of the "ethereal" Franciscans with the more "worldly" Jesuits.
D)transfer of all properties to the former neophytes.

Question 11

The main political motives of the ranchero oligarchy in Mexican California were

A)religious orthodoxy and the display of piety.
B)achieving independence from "colonial oppression."
C)the hope of taking over mission properties and the desire for power and glory.
D)the dispossession and removal of California Indians from the coastal zone.

Question 12

Under Mexican rule,the general government of California

A)enjoyed more political stability than under Spain.
B)was dominated by a governor elected by the people of California.
C)closed all ports to trade with foreign vessels.
D)remained a petty military despotism.

Question 13

After Mexico gained its independence in 1821,the power and prestige of the California missionaries increased significantly.

Question 14

Governor Figueroa's secularization orders stipulated that

A)half of the mission lands would be left to the Indians.
B)all of the mission lands would be left to the Indians.
C)all mission cattle could be killed by the missionaries.
D)Mariano Vallejo would administer the entire program.

Question 15

Formal education in California before 1846 was

A)virtually non-existent.
B)responsible for a high level of literacy.
C)promoted by nearly all of the Mexican governors.
D)financially supported by most of the rancheros.

Question 16

Women on the California ranchos

A)were skillful riders.
B)administered vast estates.
C)supervised Indian workers.
D)all of the above

Question 17

According to historian Michael Gonzalez,the elites of Mexican California were

A)industrious citizens who followed a strict work discipline.
B)a carefree and extravagant people.
C)motivated by a desire to demonstrate dominance over family,labor,and land.
D)essentially seigneurial.

Question 18

Jose del Carmen Lugo

A)was the last governor of Mexican California.
B)received title to Rancho San Ramon in 1832.
C)recalled that the typical rancho house was a modest affair with little in the way of furnishings.
D)all of the above

Question 19

According to the textbook,the best of all leaders sent by the Mexican republic to govern California was

A)Manual Victoria.
B)Jose Antonio Carrillo.
C)Mariano Vallejo.
D)Jose Figueroa.

Question 20

The battle near Cauhenga Pass in 1831

A)was confined to verbal insults and rude gestures.
B)resulted in the slaughter of 50 California Indians.
C)led to the ouster of Governor Manuel Victoria.
D)ended when Governor Echeandia was killed by a lance.

Question 21

Historian Douglas Monroy has interpreted ranchero society as seigneruial.

Question 22

Explain the political,economic,and social impact of the Mexican rancho system in California.

Question 23

A number of California Indian tribes violently resisted Mexican settlement of the San Joaquin Valley.

Question 24

What was the nature of government and politics in Mexican California?

Question 25

Explain the secularization of the California missions.What was the process employed,and what was the outcome of secularization for the mission Indians?

Question 26

Secularization of the California missions transferred control of the region's most valuable resources--land,livestock,and laborers--from the missionaries to the rancheros.

Question 27

The secularization of the California missions resulted in the protection of Indian moral and legal rights.

Question 28

Manufacturing of luxury goods expanded significantly during the Mexican period of California history.

Question 29

Three historians are mentioned near the end of the chapter.Summarize briefly the contrasting interpretations of Mexican California offered by Douglas Monroy and Michael GTonzalez.With which view do you agree? Why? What additional insights are offered by historian Phoebe Kropp?

Question 30

By the end of the Mexican period,rancho land grants were located exclusively in the coastal zone between San Diego and Los Angeles.

Question 31

Literacy in California was widespread at the end of the Mexican period.