Deck 4: Socialization

Question 1

Hannah thinks that the genes we get from our parents are the primary causes of human behaviour. Hannah supports the ___________________ theory.

A) resocialization
B) nature
C) nurture
D) parental authority

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Why is there still a debate between those who support nature and those who support nurture?

A) Because some people are only influenced by nature and some people are only influenced by nurture
B) Because nature used to be more important, but now with modern technology, it is nurture that is more important
C) Because trying to separate the contributions of nature and nurture to an attribute is difficult
D) Because sociologists have several perspectives and none of them can agree which is the best

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Nina is nine years old. Nina understands that sometimes her mother is very busy and has to work late. According to George Herbert Mead, Nina is in the _______________________ stage.

A) feral
B) imitation
C) play
D) game

Answer 3

D

Question 4

The lifelong process by which the norms, values, and other aspects of a culture are learned and internalized by group members and provide the individual with the skills necessary for participating in society is called:

A) the Looking-glass self
B) socialization
C) assimilation
D) moral reasoning

Question 5

Fabienne is learning from her family how to eat with a fork, to ask for things politely, and to respect her parents. Fabienne is experiencing:

A) resocialization
B) secondary socialization
C) assimilation
D) primary socialization

Question 6

In Mead's theory, the _____________ self is concerned with obtaining favourable feedback from others.

A) I
B) me
C) looking-glass
D) feral

Question 7

Socialization theory claims that the person we become is the result of our:

A) nature
B) genes
C) DNA
D) environment

Question 8

The researchers who conducted the rhesus monkey study came to the conclusion that:

A) Socialization is the key building block in normal development.
B) Monkeys and humans have significantly different social needs.
C) The baby rhesus monkeys preferred the human researchers to their own mothers.
D) Nature is far more important than nurture in social development.

Question 9

Learning that a red light means stop, a yellow light means approach with caution, and a green light means go is an example of:

A) socialization
B) moral reasoning
C) morality of justice
D) morality of care

Question 10

Steven is starting a new job as a sales representative for a furniture company. In the first week, he learned how to speak with customers in order to make a bigger sale. He also learned that he should wear a suit instead of jeans, and that he should take out his nose piercing. Steven is experiencing:

A) resocialization
B) secondary socialization
C) moral reasoning
D) primary socialization

Question 11

Marie-France is 22 months old. Whenever someone waves at her and says bye-bye, she waves back at them and repeats the words bye-bye. According to George Herbert Mead, Marie-France is in the ____________ stage.

A) game
B) imitation
C) play
D) feral

Question 12

Tina imagines how her parents will respond to her failing grades, interprets their screaming as a sign of disappointment, and develops a low self-concept. This process of reflection in developing the self is explained by the _____________________ theory.

A) eight stages of development
B) "I-me" self
C) cognitive development
D) looking-glass self

Question 13

Mrs. Keck is a first grade teacher. She likes to meet with all of the students' parents on the first day of class to get an idea about the environment that her students live in. Mrs. Keck believes that the students' home environment influences the way that they think, feel, and behave. Mrs. Keck supports the ______________ theory.

A) nurture
B) looking-glass self
C) moral reasoning
D) nature

Question 14

According to the theory of the looking-glass self, Richard is in the second stage of developing his 'self'. Richard is:

A) interpreting others' reactions to his behaviour
B) imagining how his behaviours look to others
C) developing a self-concept
D) experiencing psychosocial crisis

Question 15

In Mead's theory, the _____________ self is concerned with pleasing oneself.

A) I
B) me
C) looking-glass
D) feral

Question 16

According to the theory of the looking-glass self, Carlo is in the first stage of developing his 'self'. Carlo is:

A) interpreting others' reaction to his behaviour
B) imagining how his behaviours look to others
C) developing a self-concept
D) experiencing psychosocial crisis

Question 17

Armando thinks that people are the way they are because of their environment. Armando supports ______________ theory.

A) nuture
B) nature
C) moral reasoning
D) environmental

Question 18

Dimitri is three years old and he has started to do the same things as his father. When his father shaves in the morning, Dimitri pretends to shave too. According to George Herbert Mead, Dimitri is in the _______ stage.

A) feral
B) game
C) play
D) imitation

Question 19

Mrs. Nightingale is 76 years old. She fears death and wishes that she could relive her life. She would certainly make different choices if given another opportunity. According to Erikson's eight stages of development, Mrs. Nightingale is in the _________ stage.

A) integrity vs. despair
B) trust vs. mistrust
C) identity vs. role confusion
D) generativity vs. stagnation

Question 20

Tyla is a 4-year-old preschooler. Her mother constantly yells at her and rarely offers encouragement. According to Erikson's eight stages of development, Tyla is at risk for developing:

A) mistrust
B) shame
C) guilt
D) inferiority

Question 21

Terry is in elementary school. She is doing well in school and making new friends. According to Erikson's eights stages of development, Terry is in the __________________ stage.

A) identity vs. role confusion
B) intimacy vs. isolation
C) industry vs. inferiority
D) initiative vs. guilt

Question 22

Amelia is in a mental institution. There, she is isolated from outside influences so that she can be reformed and controlled. The mental institution is a:

A) looking-glass self
B) psychosocial crisis
C) hidden curriculum
D) total institution

Question 23

Hezekiah is being released from prison after serving a 22-year sentence. Hezekiah needs to learn new values, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours in order to survive in the outside world. At the same time, he needs to abandon values, attitudes, beliefs, and behaviours that were appropriate in the penitentiary. Hezekiah needs to experience:

A) resocialization
B) socialization
C) morality of Care
D) morality of Justice

Question 24

Annie believes that using curse words is bad because her Daddy says that they are bad. According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, Annie is at the __________________ level.

A) preconventional
B) operational
C) conventional
D) postconventional

Question 25

Timmy is 8 years old and spends the day with his grandfather. When his grandfather loses his favourite rabbit's foot in the pond, Timmy is able to imagine the grief and disappointment that his grandfather is feeling. According to cognitive development theory, Timmy is in the ______________ stage.

A) preoperational
B) sensorimotor
C) concrete operational
D) formal operational

Question 26

According to Erik Erikson, the positive or negative resolution of each __________ that a person experiences will impact his/her ability to master future stages of development.

A) morality of justice
B) morality of care
C) psychosocial crisis
D) moral reasoning

Question 27

Which theorist stated that "boys and girls develop their morality differently"?

A) Lawrence Kohlberg
B) Carol Gilligan
C) Jean Piaget
D) Erik Erikson

Question 28

When Mike gets back to his apartment after a busy day at the college, he sits around with his roommates and they talk about the things that happened, and about sports and cars and whether or not they should write that English essay. Goffman called this social situation:

A) imitation stage
B) play stage
C) front stage
D) back stage

Question 29

Robert works at a daycare and is faced with a moral dilemma. Mrs. Wilkinson is late picking up her child on a regular basis. The nursery rules state that the school has to charge parents $1.00 for every minute that they are late. Robert knows that Mrs. Wilkinson is a low-income, single parent who cannot afford the late charges, but he believes that the rules must apply to everyone. Gilligan suggests that because Robert is male, he will resolve this dilemma using the:

A) morality of justice
B) morality of care
C) preconventional level
D) postconventional level

Question 30

Rachel works for a pharmaceutical company and is faced with a moral dilemma. She has seen other employees flushing certain dangerous products down the toilet because the hazardous waste container is full. Gilligan suggests that because Rachel is female, she will resolve this dilemma using the:

A) morality of justice
B) morality of care
C) preconventional level
D) postconventional level

Question 31

Benoit is going for an interview. He combs his hair, irons his shirt, and makes sure that his shoes are clean. According to Goffman, Benoit is practicing:

A) impression management
B) resocialization
C) secondary socialization
D) the looking-glass self

Question 32

Nadeen is a young adult. She has a weak sense of self and still harbours doubts about who she is. According to Erikson's eight stages of development, Nadeen is at risk for developing:

A) mistrust
B) isolation
C) guilt
D) inferiority

Question 33

Each day, Tina leaves her home in the morning, she takes a bus to school, attends her classes, eats in the cafeteria, and rides the bus home in the evening. Goffman termed these social situations:

A) learning stage
B) public stage
C) front stage
D) back stage

Question 34

Martha is a middle-aged woman who hopes to make a difference in the world. According to Erikson's eights stages of development, Martha is in the _________ stage.

A) industry vs. inferiority
B) generativity vs. stagnation
C) integrity vs. despair
D) initiative vs. guilt

Question 35

According to Erikson, when all of the infant's needs are met, ______________________ develops.

A) autonomy
B) identity
C) trust
D) integrity

Question 36

Janki believes in the principle that everybody is equal. Because of this, she is opposed to a law that will make some religious groups remove their religious symbols while others get to keep theirs. According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, Janki is in the ________________ stage.

A) operational
B) conventional
C) postconventional
D) preconventional

Question 37

Pan is 7 years old. He would prefer to play his video game instead of doing his homework, but he knows that if he does so his father will spank him. From Pan's perspective, playing the video games is wrong because it will lead to pain. According to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, Pan is at the __________________ level.

A) conventional
B) postconventional
C) preconventional
D) operational

Question 38

The Smith baby is 11 months old. Whenever her parents allow her to roam around the house in her walker, she grabs whatever she can and places the item into her mouth. According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, the Smith baby is in the ______________ stage.

A) preoperational
B) formal operational
C) concrete operational
D) sensorimotor

Question 39

Lola understands abstract mathematical principles. According to cognitive development theory, Lola is in the ________________ stage.

A) formal operational
B) concrete operational
C) sensorimotor
D) preoperational

Question 40

Eddie is 5 years old. His ability to speak is growing rapidly. According to cognitive development theory, Eddie is in the _________________ stage.

A) sensorimotor
B) concrete operational
C) preoperational
D) formal operational

Question 41

Explain Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 42

Deliberate strategies designed to correct recognized social problems are called:

A) socialization
B) resocialization
C) social policies
D) community learning

Question 43

What does the story of Genie tell us about socialization?

A) It proves that the nature perspective on socialization is correct.
B) It shows that socialization is necessary for an individual to successfully develop.
C) It tells us that socialization can still be done successfully on older children.
D) It suggests that despite gender socialization, Genie was still able to relate to males.

Question 44

The people, groups, and institutions that shape our self-concept, beliefs, and behaviour are called:

A) agents of socialization
B) total institutions
C) significant others
D) generalized others

Question 45

Develop a conversation in which a symbolic interactionist, a functionalist, a feminist theorist, and a conflict theorist discuss their views on socialization.

Question 46

Explain Erikson's eight stages of development.

Question 47

Compare and contrast the three different parenting styles. Select the 'best' style by discussing the benefits and consequences of each.

Question 48

Which agent of socialization is the most effective for primary socialization?

A) Family
B) Peers
C) Schools
D) Media

Question 49

Explain Kohlberg's theory of moral development.

Question 50

Zhong Ping's research focuses on how those who have wealth and power are socialized differently from those who do not have wealth and power. Zhong Ping's research supports the __________ perspective.

A) symbolic interactionist
B) functionalist
C) conflict
D) feminist

Question 51

Compare and contrast the nature theory and the nurture theory.

Question 52

Which of the following is probably true about mass media?

A) It reflects most societal values.
B) It both reflects and shapes societal values.
C) It does not have a strong effect on societal values.
D) It allows many individual values to be expressed.

Question 53

Marty is writing about socialization from the functionalist perspective. Which of the following research questions will he probably use?

A) How is gender socialization practiced in schools?
B) How does socialization maintain social stability?
C) Does socialization perpetuate social and economic inequalities?
D) How are symbols used to socialize new players to a sports team?

Question 54

Sandy J. Wayne and Robert C. Liden showed that successfully using ________________ techniques positively affected an employee's performance rating.

A) resocialization
B) imitation stage
C) impression management
D) game stage

Question 55

Explain the looking-glass self and the three-stage process by which the self is established.

Question 56

Which agent of socialization is usually important in separating an individual from his or her family?

A) Peers
B) Media
C) Sports
D) Work

Question 57

Explain the three stages of Mead's "I-me" self.

Question 58

Which agent of socialization has the formal task of passing on the dominant culture's knowledge, values, and beliefs?

A) Family
B) Media
C) Schools
D) Government

Question 59

Pietro is studying the employees at a fast-food restaurant. He is watching how different supervisors use different techniques to train new employees. He also observes how the other employees let the newbies know "how things are really done around here." Which perspective is Pietro using?

A) Symbolic interactionist
B) Functionalist
C) Conflict
D) Feminist

Question 60

Lauren's research focuses on how the boys and girls at a childcare centre are treated differently by the monitors. She wants to see how the differential treatment might make the children behave differently. Lauren's research is from which perspective?

A) Symbolic interactionism
B) Functionalism
C) Conflict theory
D) Feminist theory

Question 61

theorists argue that the patriarchal social structure has a powerful influence on all of us.

Question 62

Socialization is a never-ending process.

Question 63

According to Mead, the first stage in the development of self is the play stage.

Question 64

Discuss the process of socialization. Compare and contrast primary socialization and secondary socialization.

Question 65

Gender socialization is always the same for everyone in every society.

Question 66

Boys advance through stages of moral development faster than girls.

Question 67

In Erikson's eight stages of development, the outcome at each stage affects the ability to deal with the next one.

Question 68

Humans need other humans to develop normally.

Question 69

Identify the methods used by the Marine Corps in the resocialization of the recruits.

Question 70

All total institutions are involuntary.

Question 71

Compare and contrast the morality of care and the morality of justice. Discuss how these concepts are related to Gilligan's theory.

Question 72

Describe gender socialization. Give examples from your own experience of gender socialization.

Question 73

A conflict theorist would look at the educational system as a social institution that largely reflects the interests and values of the dominant classes in society.

Question 74

A symbolic interactionist would study how gender socialization occurs in small groups of individuals.

Question 75

Primary socialization occurs during childhood.

Question 76

Explain how the rhesus monkey study is related to the study of socialization.

Question 77

Erik Erikson suggested that humans develop a personality in 12 stages.

Question 78

Describe the characteristics of total institutions. Explain how these characteristics help in the process of resocialization.

Question 79

The main finding of the rhesus monkey study was that humans and primates are socialized differently.

Question 80

Discuss how the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is an important social policy.