Deck 15: The Globalization of Health Care Delivery Systems

Question 1

One of the positive financial implications of labor migration from low-income to high-income countries is the value of ____________________ to families in low-income countries.

Answer 1

remittances

Question 2

A large number of patient-centered,integrated health care organizations are attracting patients across national borders because they offer high quality and high ____.

A) value
B) volume
C) expenditures
D) efficiency

Answer 2

efficiency

Question 3

A hallmark of increasing ____ is the increasing openness of national borders to flows of goods and services,financial and human capital,information,and expertise.

A) commerce
B) globalization
C) trade
D) alliances

Answer 3

globalization

Question 4

____ allow hospitals to be paid prospectively rather than being reimbursed retrospectively on the basis of what they charged.

A) Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs)
B) Diagnosis-standard groups (DSGs)
C) Medically related groups (MRGs)
D) Medically standard groups (MSGs)

Question 5

____ innovation,such as teleradiology,can change the landscape of health care across national borders.

A) Regulatory
B) Political
C) Economic
D) Technological

Question 6

One conclusion that can be drawn from the history of the cross-border flow of patient classification systems is that the search for improved instruments,tools,and practices will help to ____ costs in health care.

A) maximize
B) distribute
C) contain
D) deflect

Question 7

Creating an environment that attracts and retains health professionals has become a focus of many ____________________ countries' attempts to stem the brain drain of health care workers.

Question 8

Several factors affecting a patient's willingness to travel out of their country to seek heath care include clinical reputation,affordability,and the value versus ____ factor.

A) convenience
B) sacrifice
C) loan
D) exchange rate

Question 9

When health care organizations depend on patients from ____________________,the environment can become problem-filled.

Question 10

In an increasingly globalized labor market,national health systems can no longer rely on the commitment of graduates to work within their own country and so must look to the ____________________ labor market to meet their demands for health professionals.

Question 11

Data on medical travelers often come from ____________________ boards,newspaper accounts,and government estimates of hospital claims,social media,stakeholder media,or hospital websites.

Question 12

The number of ____ is highly associated with the degree of local health care infrastructure.

A) physicians
B) infant deaths
C) hospitals
D) foreign patients

Question 13

When services are under-funded,and patient demand exceeds the capacity constraint,the result is ____________________,bottlenecks,and longer wait times for all services.

Question 14

____________________,when applied to health care,refers to the discovery and deployment of significant differences in a nation's cost,quality,or access such that a medical or surgical procedure,health activity,or service creates patient value.

Question 15

The flow of patients out of their country to obtain ____ raises ethical questions,especially about efficacy and safety.

A) artificial medical devices
B) cosmetic surgery
C) organ transplants
D) routine surgeries

Question 16

The prospect of ____ is believed to be a pivotal factor in the decision of health care professionals to migrate.

A) financial gain
B) political freedom
C) increased professional opportunities
D) higher prestige

Question 17

____ workers are health care providers who have received less training and have a more restricted scope of practice than professionals.

A) Subsidiary
B) Primary
C) Mid-level
D) First-level

Question 18

The ____________________ of health care-related flow is important;we should not assume that what developed countries have should flow to the less developed countries or vice versa.

Question 19

The term "The world is flat," coined by Thomas Friedman,means that a variety of forces leveled the playing field of ____________________ around the globe and,as such,significant economic opportunities opened up for countries such as China and India.

Question 20

Resources and ideas do not cross national borders seamlessly;a host of possible barriers exists,including regulatory,political,____________________,and cultural barriers.

Question 21

Match each item with a statement below:

Established to identify and implement solutions to the global health workforce crisis

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 22

Match each item with a statement below:

Aims to improve primary health services in rural areas through an innovative community-based approach that focuses on prevention,healthy living,and basic curative care

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 23

Match each item with a statement below:

Places a strong emphasis on mutuality of benefits for both "recruiting" and "source" countries

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 24

Match each item with a statement below:

Adopted by the United Nations in 2000 with the aim of reducing global poverty

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 25

Match each item with a statement below:

Network of global health leaders,launched by the Rockefeller Foundation

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 26

Match each item with a statement below:

Flow of patients around the globe

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 27

Match each item with a statement below:

Aims to improve the quality of preservice training to health science professionals

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 28

Match each item with a statement below:

Increases the demand for health care worldwide

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 29

Match each item with a statement below:

Used for paying hospitals for services provided

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)

Question 30

Match each item with a statement below:

Used as a strategy to alleviate health worker shortages and to improve access and quality of health services

A)task shifting
B)Joint Learning Initiative (JLI)
C)medical tourism
D)Ethiopia Public Health Training Initiative (EPHTI)
E)Commonwealth Code of Practice
F)Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
G)technological and medical innovation
H)patient classification system (PCS)
I)Health Extension Program
J)Global Health Workforce Alliance (GHWA)