Deck 11: Violence in Families

Question 1

Researchers documented significant differences between abusive husbands who are murdered by their wives and abusive husbands who are not killed.These differences include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)Husbands who were killed were more likely to have threatened to kill their wives.
B)Husbands who were killed were more likely to batter their wives more than once a week and to have caused more severe injuries.
C)Husbands who were killed were more likely to have abused children.
D)Husbands who were killed were more likely to have been convicted of other crimes.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

All of the following are true EXCEPT:

A)One-third of women who are murdered are killed by an intimate partner.
B)Three percent of men who are murdered are killed by an intimate partner.
C)When statistics on murder are examined by race ethnicity and gender,white women are most likely to be killed by an intimate partner.
D)When statistics on murder are examined by race ethnicity and gender,white men are least likely to be killed by an intimate partner.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What is the relationship between age and the probability of victimization by intimate partner violence?

A)There is no relationship between age and probability of victimization.
B)Women between the ages of 25 and 34 are more likely to experience violence than those younger or older.
C)Women between the ages of 35 and 44 are more likely to experience violence than those younger or older.
D)Women aged 45 and older are more likely to experience violence than those 44 and younger.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Zuckerman and Friedman (cited in Aulette)argue that there are both direct and indirect costs of domestic violence for society.Which of the following would be considered an indirect cost of domestic violence?

A)Health care costs
B)Social services
C)Loss of productivity for employed women
D)Police time for response to domestic violence calls

Question 5

Aulette asserts that victims of prolonged trauma of abuse and marital rape can recover by moving through three stages.These stages include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)Establishing a feeling of safety.
B)Remembering and mourning the traumas they have undergone.
C)Having the offender plead guilty or being convicted in court and experiencing some punishment.
D)Making new connections with ordinary life.

Question 6

In order to leave their husbands,battered women who have been raped must redefine the behavior as rape and as unacceptable.The three factors that may trigger this redefinition include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)the violence approached the level of severity they associated with stranger rape.
B)the husband also used other forms of control including threats,isolation,or religious beliefs.
C)the woman received help from an outsider.
D)the violence became abnormal.

Question 7

All of the following are important sources of underestimation of violence in families EXCEPT:

A)People do not remember violent acts because they are perceived as inconsequential.
B)People may feel ashamed of violence in their family and do not admit to its occurrence.
C)Government agencies that keep statistics do not distinguish between violence between spouses and other violence.
D)Couples who are no longer married because of violence in their relationship do not show up in surveys that ask people about violence in their current marriage.

Question 8

Much intimate partner violence is unreported.How do women and men differ in their reasons for not reporting such violence?

A)Men are almost twice as likely as women to cite privacy.Women are more than twice as likely as men to cite fear of reprisal.
B)Women are almost twice as likely as men to cite privacy.Men are more than twice as likely as women to cite fear of reprisal.
C)Men are almost twice as likely as women to cite police ineffectiveness.Women are more than twice as likely as men to indicate they want to protect the offender.
D)Women are almost twice as likely as men to cite police ineffectiveness.Men are more than twice as likely as women to indicate they want to protect the offender.

Question 9

Marital rape

A)is now considered a crime in all fifty states.
B)is now considered a crime is about half of the states but most have at least some exemptions.
C)is now considered a crime in ten states with proposed legislation in another fifteen.
D)is not a crime in the majority of states because wives are legally obligated to have sex with their husbands.

Question 10

More ____________ are victims of all reported violence in our society.More ____________ are victims of violence by intimate perpetrators.

A)men than women ...men than women
B)women than men ...women than men
C)men than women ...women than men
D)women than men ...men than women

Question 11

In the last two decades of the twentieth century,the overall murder rate by intimates dropped.It increased,however,for

A)black wives killed by husbands.
B)white girlfriends killed by boyfriends.
C)black boyfriends killed by girlfriends.
D)white husbands killed by wives.

Question 12

The Department of Justice reports that in 58% of the incidents of intimate violence,the offender

A)had been drinking.
B)had been using drugs.
C)had not been drinking or using drugs.
D)had been previously diagnosed as an alcoholic or drug addict.

Question 13

In terms of violence in families,__________ to be victims of abuse in families,and _________ to be the ones inflicting the abuse.

A)women are more likely than men … men are more likely than women
B)men are more likely than women … women are more likely than men
C)women are more likely than men … women are more likely than men
D)men are more likely than women … men are more likely than women

Question 14

Research on intimate partner violence identified four themes in the disagreements leading to abusive conflicts in marriage.These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)men's possessiveness and jealousy.
B)women's possessiveness and jealousy.
C)disagreements about money and housework.
D)men's belief in their right to punish "their" women.

Question 15

Aulette reported that women who are raped by their husbands use several strategies to manage the experience.These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)Actively resisting.
B)Giving in.
C)Avoiding or placating husbands.
D)Calling the police.

Question 16

When men and women murder a spouse

A)they are equally likely to use weapons.
B)they are equally likely to beat the other to death.
C)wives are more likely to use weapons while husbands are more likely to beat their wives to death.
D)husbands are more likely to use weapons while wives are more likely to use poison.

Question 17

Research data about homicide indicate all of the following EXCEPT:

A)Women are seven times more likely than men to have committed murder in self-defense.
B)Women and men are equally likely to murder a spouse.
C)Women commit about 15% of all homicides.
D)Wives are more likely to use weapons while husbands are more likely beat their wives to death.

Question 18

Patterns of murder by intimates in the U.S.

A)show that husbands and wives kill each other in approximately equal numbers.
B)show that husbands kill wives about two-thirds of the time.
C)show that wives kill husbands about two-thirds of the time.
D)vary so much from state to state that we do not have a national pattern.

Question 19

Aulette cited research estimating that about __________ percent of all married women have been raped by their husbands.

A)2%
B)10%
C)25%
D)50%

Question 20

Zuckerman and Friedman (cited in Aulette)argue that there are both direct and indirect costs of domestic violence for society.Which of the following would be considered a direct cost of domestic violence?

A)Emergency shelter costs
B)Social and psychological costs
C)Death of battered women
D)Job loss or absenteeism

Question 21

The theorists who explain family violence by focusing on social structural factors are divided into two categories:

A)family violence and feminist.
B)functionalist and interactionist.
C)focus on battered women and focus on battered men.
D)micro and macro.

Question 22

Aulette discussed the policy implications for the different theoretical frameworks used to understand family violence.The family violence framework implies social policy that

A)encourages women to be more assertive and self supporting.
B)encourages men to learn more appropriate ways to express anger.
C)alleviates problems like unemployment that cause stress in families.
D)eliminates the oppression of and discrimination against women.

Question 23

Aulette divides theories explaining family violence into three major frameworks:

A)individualistic,family structural,feminist
B)micro-level,macro-level,reciprocal
C)internal,external,systemic
D)battered women's movement,men's rights movement,feminist movement

Question 24

Random self-report surveys conducted by Straus,Gelles and Steinmetz (researchers in the Family Violence school of thought)indicated that

A)men and women are similar (within a few percentage points)in their use of various types of violence against spouses.
B)men are three times as likely to use various types of violence than women.
C)women are three times as likely to use various types of violence than men.
D)women are three times as likely to use less dangerous types of violence and men are three times as likely to use more dangerous types of violence.

Question 25

Men who batter tend to exhibit a cluster of common characteristics.These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)a belief that sexual infidelity is important for both wives and husbands.
B)a belief that women,especially their wives,are incompetent,manipulative and deceitful.
C)a belief that they are the real victims and that their wives cause them to lose control.
D)a belief that they are entitled to respect as men and are entitled to discipline their wives.

Question 26

In comparing responses to being assaulted by a spouse,researchers have found that _______ are more likely to call the police,_______ are more likely to press charges,and _______ are less likely to drop charges.

A)men ...men ...men
B)women ...women ...women
C)women ...women ...men
D)men ...women ...men

Question 27

Aulette discussed the policy implications for the different theoretical frameworks used to understand family violence.The individualistic framework implies social policy that

A)changes individuals,encouraging women to be more assertive and men to learn more appropriate ways to express anger.
B)alleviates problems like unemployment that cause stress in families.
C)eliminates ideologies that promote or glorify violence.
D)eliminates the oppression of and discrimination against women.

Question 28

How do the Family Violence and Feminist theorists differ in their explanation for family violence?

A)Family Violence theorists ignore the issue of gender while Feminist theorists focus on it.
B)Family Violence theorists consider gender issues to be one of several contributing factors while Feminist theorists consider gender inequality and the oppression of women to be the central feature.
C)The two groups are the same theoretically but prefer different labels; the Family Violence theorists consider the Feminist label to be too controversial politically.
D)Family Violence theorists focus on the micro-level.Feminist theorists focus on the macro-level.

Question 29

Police and hospital records on spousal assault indicate that

A)men and women are similar in their violence towards their spouses.
B)despite the stereotypes,women are actually more violent than men.
C)nearly all violence between spouses is directed at women by men.
D)in traditional marriages men are more violent; in egalitarian marriages,the violence is nearly equal between husbands and wives.

Question 30

Aulette cited Dobash and Dobash who interviewed violent men.They found that the men generally

A)admitted the violence and wanted to get treatment.
B)blamed their violence on drinking and claimed they were never violent when sober.
C)focused on the outcome-influencing women's behavior-which they see as appropriate.
D)were more concerned about the trauma they may be inflicting on their children than what they were doing to their wives.

Question 31

The Gallup Poll conducted research in 1968,1985,1992 and 1994 to determine whether our ideas about using violence in families have changed.They specifically asked about husbands and wives slapping each other.What did they find?

A)The proportion of those who approve of slapping has stayed the same.
B)The proportion of those who approve of husbands slapping wives has remained almost equal to those who approve of wives slapping husbands.
C)The proportion of those who approve of a wife slapping her husband stayed about the same,about 21%,while the proportion of those who approve of a husband slapping a wife declined to less than 10%.
D)The proportion of those who approve slapping has increased.

Question 32

Researchers have found that when women's earnings approach or exceed that of their husbands,

A)they can relax economically so tension and violence decrease.
B)tension may increase but actual violence decreases.
C)tension and violence increase with women more likely to be victims.
D)the violence shifts so that husbands are more likely to be the victims.

Question 33

Survey research by Straus,Gelles and Steinmetz concluded that husband abuse is nearly equal to wife abuse.Critics of this research point out that the research

A)does not address who initiated the attack and who may be acting in self defense.
B)is based on police records so does not record unreported incidents.
C)is gender-based and therefore subject to gender bias.
D)gives too much credence to motivation excusing those who were intoxicated or who think they had good reasons for the violence.

Question 34

Aulette discussed the policy implications for the different theoretical frameworks used to understand family violence.The feminist framework implies social policy that

A)encourages men to learn more appropriate ways to express anger.
B)eliminates the oppression of and discrimination against women.
C)eliminates violence in the media and other ideologies that promote violence.
D)alleviates problems like unemployment that cause stress in families.

Question 35

Lenore Walker (cited in Aulette)has been an advocate of the therapeutic model of treatment for domestic violence.In this model she argues that

A)social structural factors cause all different types of women to become battered.
B)men and women learn to play the roles of batterer and battered as children and are therefore socialized into their identities.
C)special attention should be placed on inequality between males and females in our society in order to reduce domestic violence.
D)the emphasis of treating domestic violence should focus more on the social context of the violence.

Question 36

Pagelow (cited by Aulette)looked at characteristics of women who were able to leave physically abusive husbands.She found that women with _________ were the first to leave.

A)alcoholic husbands
B)families in the area
C)the most education
D)the most resources

Question 37

Lenore Walker,an advocate of an individualistic or therapeutic model explaining battering,maintains that girls are socialized to behave in a passive,helpless matter while boys learn to take advantage of such girls.Walker labels this phenomenon as

A)learned helplessness.
B)victim culpability.
C)cognitive retreatism.
D)relational passivity.

Question 38

Theorists who focus on social structural factors to explain marital violence identify three structural factors as key causes of violence in American families.These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)stress.
B)privacy / isolation.
C)learned helplessness.
D)cultural acceptance of violence.

Question 39

Critics of the individualistic or therapeutic model explaining marital violence feel that the concept of "learned helplessness"

A)easily slides into victim blaming.
B)explains why pro-arrest policies lower recidivism.
C)has less support than "relational passivity."
D)supports social structural theories.

Question 40

Aulette discussed the policy implications for the different theoretical frameworks used to understand family violence.The feminist framework implies social policy in which we should

A)socialize women to be more assertive.
B)socialize men to hold less dominating beliefs.
C)eliminate problems of unemployment and poverty.
D)eliminate violence in the media,particularly the glorification of violence against women.

Question 41

Battered women's shelters are funded in many states

A)by charging residents rental fees on a sliding scale.
B)through marriage license fees.
C)by gambling proceeds.
D)by fines charged offenders for domestic violence.

Question 42

A recent 2005 ruling by the U.S.Supreme Court __________ the effectiveness of restraining orders in cases of domestic violence by __________.

A)strengthened ...mandating better police response.
B)strengthened ...dismissing the requirement of external witnesses to avoid contradictory claims.
C)weakened ...requiring external witnesses to avoid contradictory claims.
D)weakened ...supporting the tradition of police discretion.

Question 43

Researchers cited by Aulette documented that the use of restraining orders has a number of effects.These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)they increase police responsiveness.
B)they anger batterers,thus increasing the likelihood of more violence.
C)they increase arrest rates of repeaters.
D)they empower women to leave abusive relationships.

Question 44

Fewer than half of the calls to police about domestic violence are made by the victims.All of the following are reasons women give for not calling the police EXCEPT:

A)They feared injury by the suspect as punishment for calling.
B)They were concerned that police intervention would make things worse.
C)They were afraid the police would not come at all or not come for a long time because domestic disturbance calls have low priority.
D)They did not have access to a telephone.

Question 45

Research has shown that arrest works to reduce the incidence of repeated wife assault in three ways.These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)Arrest acts as a deterrent.
B)Arrest alters the power dynamic between husbands and wives.
C)Arrest prevents batterers from minimizing and rationalizing the abuse.
D)Arrest and incarceration make husbands feel vulnerable to assault,generating empathy with their wives.

Question 46

The Violence against Women Act makes all of the following a federal crime EXCEPT:

A)Travel to another state to harass spouses or intimate partners.
B)Owning a firearm if convicted of an offense involving domestic violence.
C)Crossing state lines to do bodily harm to spouses or intimate partners.
D)Violating an order for protection.

Question 47

The Violence against Women Act

A)makes it a federal crime to cross state lines to do bodily harm to spouses or intimate partners.
B)protects U.S.citizens only and not immigrant women until they have obtained citizenship.
C)serves primarily has an ideological resolution since it is an "unfunded mandate."
D)was declared in violation of the Second Amendment in the Bill of Rights by the Supreme Court.

Question 48

The Sherman and Berk study in Minneapolis (cited by Aulette)concluded which of the three standard police responses to domestic violence was the most successful as a deterrent to future violence?

A)Arrest
B)Police counseling and threatening arrest if they have to return
C)Sending assailants away for a few days
D)Recommending and providing a referral for treatment

Question 49

An extension of feminist theory,called intersectionality theory,

A)combines individualistic or therapeutic theory with social structural theory to recommend more effective social policy addressing family violence.
B)examines how other forms of inequality and oppression such as racism and class privilege intersect with gender to explain family violence.
C)provides an interactive reciprocal therapy addressing male and female perspectives to reduce family violence.
D)generates a gender-neutral approach to reality therapy to reduce family violence.

Question 50

Ferraro and Johnson (cited by Aulette)interviewed 120 battered women who passed through a shelter and asked them how they decided to leave the batterers.They found six factors that served as a catalyst for making the change.These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)change in a woman's resources - getting a job or access to a shelter.
B)despair - the disappearance of hope that things would get better.
C)change in the level of violence - either increased abuse or a change they perceived as a threat to their lives.
D)support from the legal system - the arrests of their husbands and the judicial treatment of the battering as a crime.