Deck 9: Marriage

Question 1

In the United States,marriage is

A)a legal contract with more government control than other kinds of contracts.
B)a private matter between two consenting adults with no interference from the government.
C)considered a private legal contract with less government intrusion than a typical business contract.
D)not legally considered a contract.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The Married Women's Property Laws passed in the 19th century

A)allowed single women to own property but transferred all property to husbands upon marriage.
B)gave wives half ownership in their husbands' property.
C)allowed women to control their own earnings.
D)Allowed widows to control their deceased husband's property as long as they did not remarry.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The Married Women's Property Laws passed in the 19th century established the legal assumption that

A)the property of the married woman legally belonged to her husband.
B)wives were to provide services to her husband in exchange for his obligation to provide economic support to her.
C)the property of a married woman was held in trust for her children thus protecting it from a husband's disposal of it.
D)married women could buy or sell property only with the written permission of their husbands.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Some states allow gay men and lesbians to form civil unions certified by an official and granting the couple rights and responsibilities similar to those of marriage.What happens if a couple decides to end such a civil union?

A)They must go through the Family Court and obtain a formal dissolution.
B)The couples split up informally.Since they are not really married they do not need a formal dissolution.
C)The couple must notify the county registrar in writing with both signatures.
D)Either member of the couple may notify the county registrar in writing with one notarized signature.

Question 5

The period from 1839 through the 1960's in the United States is labeled as the "separate but equal" period in marriage history.What does this mean?

A)Women were no longer under the control of their husbands.
B)Women and men had the same rights and responsibilities in marriage.
C)Women and men had different rights and responsibilities in marriage.
D)If a couple divorced,they became legally separate and each received an equal share of their property.

Question 6

Marriage law requires that a couple

A)plan to have children.
B)have sexual intercourse.
C)share at least one joint bank account.
D)be legal residents of the same state.

Question 7

The Defense of Marriage Act signed into U.S.Law in 1997

A)created same-sex civil unions as a substitute to marriages.
B)allows states to ignore marriages that have occurred between same-sex partners in other states.
C)forbids states from allowing same-sex marriage.
D)forbids churches from officiating same-sex marriages.

Question 8

Yanagisako's research on Japanese Americans documented that they viewed Japanese marriages as based on duty and American marriages as based on romantic love.Issei (first-generation Japanese Americans)sought to model their marriages on

A)the Japanese model,based on duty and ethical commitment.
B)the American model,based on romantic love.
C)a combination of the Japanese and American models.

Question 9

At the time of publication of the Aulette text,all of the following states allowed same-sex marriage EXCEPT:

A)Massachusetts
B)Connecticut
C)Iowa
D)Minnesota

Question 10

The doctrine of couverture included all of the following social policies EXCEPT:

A)Married women could not own property.
B)Married women had to turn over any wages they earned to their husband.
C)If someone wished to sue a married woman,he or she must sue the woman's husband.
D)Married women had to get written permission from their husbands to be away from their home overnight.

Question 11

According to Aulette,42 states

A)are considering legalizing civil unions for gay and lesbian couples.
B)have specific legislation forbidding same-sex marriage.
C)have specific legislation allowing health insurance benefits for same-sex couples without legal marriage.
D)have specific legislation allowing inheritance rights for same-sex couples without legal marriage.

Question 12

What is the status of same-sex marriage in the world?

A)No country allows same-sex marriage nor recognizes same-sex unions.
B)No country allows same-sex marriage but a few recognize same-sex unions.
C)Seven countries allow same-sex marriage and several others recognize same-sex unions.
D)The United States is the only country to recognize same-sex civil unions.

Question 13

Under couverture family law in the United States

A)married women owned only the property they brought into the marriage but did not accumulate rights to property the couple accumulated in the marriage.
B)married couples held equal rights to all property each brought into the marriage or accumulated in the marriage.
C)married women could not own property and their legal existence was suspended having been incorporated into that of their husbands.
D)married couples each maintained separate ownership of the property they each respectively brought into the marriage and shared equally any property accumulated during the marriage.

Question 14

The legal assumptions in the "shared partnership" period of marriage laws mean that

A)women and men have economic and social equality in marriage.
B)couples share a complimentary partnership in which the husband provides economic support and the wife is responsible for housework and child care.
C)husbands and wives have equal and overlappping responsibilities for economic,household and child care tasks.
D)the state will enforce privately negotiated,written,and signed partnership agreements or contracts between husbands and wives.

Question 15

According to Aulette,the economic facet of marriage may be especially important for those in the

A)owning or upper class.
B)middle class.
C)working class.
D)lower class.

Question 16

The precedent-setting case regarding a lesbian couple,Sharon Kowalski and Karen Thompson,happened in Minnesota.After an accident disabled Sharon,her father and Karen engaged in an eight-year legal battle over Sharon's guardianship and care.After numerous court hearings,what was the outcome of that case?

A)The court permanently awarded custody to Sharon's father who convinced his daughter to discontinue her lesbian relationship.
B)The court allowed Sharon to return home with her partner,Karen.
C)The court required Sharon's father to allow supervised visitation by Karen.
D)The court gave custody to a third party,a guardian ad litum social worker appointed by the court with the stipulation that both Sharon's father and Karen would be allowed to visit.

Question 17

When a marital contract is ended through a divorce in the United States,

A)it is treated legally as a breach of contract.
B)the state makes the final decision over nearly all arrangements.
C)the individuals make the final decision over nearly all arrangements.
D)the dissolution depends on what marital "grounds for a divorce" have been committed.

Question 18

After the 1960's a third period of marriage law evolved and was identified as

A)couverture.
B)separate but equal.
C)comparable worth.
D)shared partnership.

Question 19

The history of marriage and family law in the United States has moved through three stages including all of the following EXCEPT:

A)couverture.
B)separate but equal.
C)comparable worth.
D)shared partnership.

Question 20

Compared to other kinds of legal contracts,the marriage contract

A)gives the government more control over the duties and rewards of the two parties entering into the contract.
B)gives the government less control over the duties and rewards of the two parties entering into contract.
C)gives the government about the same amount of control over the duties and rewards of the two parties entering into the contract.
D)is not a legal contract.

Question 21

Yanagisako interviewed Japanese Americans about their views on Japanese and American marriages.They generally think that

A)American marriages are whimsical and unstable.
B)Japanese marriages are whimsical and unstable.
C)American marriages are too duty bound.
D)American marriages have too many laws on private matters.

Question 22

Evangelical feminists,also called Biblical feminists or Christian feminists,believe the Bible teaches that an unequal marriage is __________ marriage.

A)a Christian
B)an un-Christian
C)a Biblically-based
D)a holy

Question 23

Baca Zinn interviewed and observed women in Chicano families about marital power.She found that

A)they were consistent in ideology and practice: they supported patriarchy as an ideology and allowed husbands to make virtually all decisions.
B)they were consistent in ideology and practice: they did not support patriarchy as an ideology and were likely to challenge their husbands,make independent actions,and take actions with which their husbands did not agree.
C)they were inconsistent in ideology and practice: they supported patriarchy as an ideology but were likely to challenge their husbands,make independent actions,and take actions with which their husbands did not agree.
D)they were inconsistent in ideology and practice: they supported patriarchy as an ideology but allowed husband to make virtually all decisions.

Question 24

The Gallup Poll asked a representative sample of Americans to rate their marital happiness and their satisfaction with their spouse's weight.They found that

A)husbands were slightly more critical of wives than vice versa.
B)wives were slightly more critical of husbands than vice versa.
C)husbands and wives were equally critical of each other's weight.
D)gender was unrelated to satisfaction with spouse's weight.

Question 25

Communication research on conversations between men and women indicates that

A)men talk more.
B)women talk more.
C)men and women talk about the same.
D)women talk more but men talk more directly.

Question 26

Evangelical feminists,also called Biblical feminists or Christian feminists,believe all of the following EXCEPT that

A)the Bible teaches that husbands and wives should be mutually submissive to each other.
B)women have the right to be leaders in the Christian community.
C)the Bible uses inclusive language referring to God.
D)wives should be submissive to husbands and that husbands should consider their wives' opinions while maintaining a leadership role.

Question 27

Marital status varies by race.Which of the following categories has the highest rate of marriage?

A)Hispanics
B)Whites
C)Blacks

Question 28

The Gallup Poll asked a representative sample of Americans to grade their marriages.The majority (80%)gave themselves a grade of

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D

Question 29

Evangelical feminists,also called Biblical feminists or Christian feminists,believe the Bible teaches that

A)wives should be submissive to their husbands.
B)husbands should be submissive to their wives.
C)husbands and wives should be mutually submissive to each other.
D)neither husbands nor wives should be submissive.

Question 30

Marital status varies by race.Which of the following categories is the most likely to never have been married?

A)Hispanics
B)Whites
C)Blacks

Question 31

Yanagisako's research on Japanese Americans documented that they viewed Japanese marriages as based on duty and American marriages as based on romantic love.Nisei (second-generation Japanese Americans)sought to model their marriages on

A)the Japanese model,duty and ethical commitment.
B)the American model,based on romantic love.
C)a combination of the Japanese and American models.

Question 32

The Gallup Poll asked a representative sample of Americans to grade their marriages.Which of the following is one of the conclusions in the research?

A)Husbands gave their marriages higher grades than wives.
B)Wives gave their marriages higher grades than husbands.
C)Older couples gave their marriages higher grades than younger couples.
D)Younger couples gave their marriages higher grades than older couples.

Question 33

Communication research on conversations between men and women indicates that ______ talk more; _______ interrupt more; _____ ask more questions; and ______ use more qualifiers.

A)men ...men ...men ...men
B)women ...women ...women ...women
C)men ...men ...women ...women
D)women ...women ...men ...men

Question 34

Aulette discussed multiple kinds of power as features of married life.Power is more than being able to force someone to do something or making the decisions.It also includes the ability to

A)manipulate spouses psychologically.
B)force one's definition of reality on others.
C)control information needed for decision making.
D)generate tension release in stressful situations.

Question 35

According to research cited in Aulette,women have more power in dating relationships when they

A)are more attractive.
B)have more resources.
C)are funny.
D)have a dominant personality.

Question 36

What is the relationship between educational aspirations and power in dating relationships?

A)For both men and women,the higher the academic degree - B.A.,M.A.,Ph.D.- to which they aspired,the greater their power in the relationship.
B)For both men and women,the higher the academic degree - B.A.,M.A.,Ph.D.- to which they aspired,the less their power in the relationship.
C)For men but not for women,the higher the academic degree - B.A.,M.A.,Ph.D.- to which they aspired,the greater their power in the relationship.
D)For women but not for men,the higher the academic degree - B.A.,M.A.,Ph.D.- to which they aspired,the greater their power in the relationship.

Question 37

Women who have more _______ gender ideologies,_______ career goals,and _______ involvement in the relationship have greater power in their dating relationships than women who differed on these factors.

A)conservative ...weaker ...more
B)liberal ...stronger ...less
C)conservative ...stronger ...more
D)liberal ...weaker ...less

Question 38

The Gallup Poll asked a representative sample of Americans to rate their marital happiness and their satisfaction with their spouse's weight.They found that

A)marital happiness is unrelated to satisfaction with spouse's weight.
B)married people who were happier with their marriage expressed less satisfaction with their spouse's weight.
C)married people who were less happy with their marriage expressed less satisfaction with their spouse's weight.
D)half of the respondents wished their spouse would lose some weight regardless of their level of happiness.

Question 39

The Promise Keepers,a Christian fundamentalist organization,teaches that

A)husbands should reclaim the leadership role in their families.
B)wives should reclaim the leadership role in their families.
C)husbands and wives should equally share the leadership in their families.
D)husbands and wives should divide leadership responsibilities with husbands responsible for the public sphere and wives responsible for the domestic sphere.

Question 40

Communication research on conversations between men and women indicates that _____ controlled conversations and _____ did most of the work.

A)men ...men
B)women ...women
C)men ...women
D)women ...men

Question 41

The majority of men (70%)over age sixty-five __________ while almost half of women (49%)over age sixty-five __________.

A)live with a wife … live with a husband.
B)live alone … live alone.
C)live with a wife … live alone.
D)live alone … live with a husband.

Question 42

Over the past century the average length of marriage at the death of a spouse

A)has increased by more than ten years.
B)has decreased by more than ten years.
C)has stayed basically the same with only a small difference of 3 years.

Question 43

Research documents that all of the following are primary concerns that women have about first dates EXCEPT:

A)concern about appearance.
B)making conversation.
C)limiting sexual activity.
D)planning activities.

Question 44

Research indicates racial ethnic differences in age at first marriage.Which of the following categories currently has the oldest median age at first marriage?

A)Hispanic
B)Whites
C)Blacks

Question 45

Which of the following have the highest probability of marrying within the same racial ethnic group?

A)Black women
B)Black men
C)Hispanic women
D)Hispanic men

Question 46

Which country has the highest proportion of citizens in prison in the world?

A)United States
B)Russia
C)Canada
D)Belarus

Question 47

Twenty-five percent of women and 19% of men marry before they are 23.Compared to people who marry later they come from ______ disadvantaged families,have _______ education than average,and are _______ likely to cohabit before marrying.

A)more … less … more
B)less … more … less
C)more … more … more
D)less … less … less

Question 48

Compared to other intermarried Asian women who found their husbands through other means,mail-order brides report _______ physical and psychological abuse.

A)the same
B)more
C)less

Question 49

Five factors have been identified as having a positive effect on stable and high-quality long-term marriages.These include all of the following EXCEPT:

A)containment of conflict.
B)complimentary roles.
C)mutuality in decision making.
D)values such as trust,respect,empathetic understanding,and equity.
E)quality of communication.

Question 50

U.S.Census Bureau data indicate that for Whites,Blacks and Hispanics over 18 years of age,the percentage of those who have never married _______ over the past four decades.

A)has increased
B)has decreased
C)has stayed essentially the same

Question 51

Since the 1950's the median age at first marriage in the United States

A)has risen for both men and women.
B)has risen for men but declined for women.
C)has risen for women but declined for men.
D)has declined for both men and women.

Question 52

When we combine marriage and cohabitation,___________ of young adults share a household with a partner now as in 1970.

A)approximately the same proportion
B)a significantly larger proportion
C)a significantly smaller proportion
D)an unknown proportion

Question 53

Research on personal ads show that men are looking for women with _________ and women are looking for men with _______.

A)particular physical characteristics ...particular physical characteristics
B)status characteristics ...status characteristics
C)particular physical characteristics ...status characteristics
D)status characteristics ...particular physical characteristics

Question 54

A history of incarceration in prison is associated with a significant

A)decline in the probability of marriage,especially for white men.
B)decline in the probability of marriage,especially for black men.
C)increase in the probability of marriage,especially for white men.
D)increase in the probability of marriage,especially for black men.

Question 55

In 2000,interracial couples accounted for _______ of all married couples.

A)5%
B)10%
C)15%
D)20%

Question 56

Which of the following is true about widowhood?

A)Women are more likely to be widowed than men.
B)Men are more likely to be widowed than women.
C)Women and men have about equal rates of widowhood.

Question 57

When we look at median age at first marriage for women in the United States,they are currently getting married

A)at a younger age than at any other time in the past century.
B)at an older age than at any other time in the past century.
C)a return to the same older age at which women married a century ago after a temporary decline in mid-century.
D)a return to the same younger age at which women married a century ago after a temporary increase in mid-century.

Question 58

How do men and women older than 65 compare in dating?

A)Older men are significantly more likely to date than older women.
B)Older women are significantly more likely to date than older men.
C)Older men and older women are equally likely to date.

Question 59

Research documents that all of the following are the primary concerns that men have about first dates EXCEPT:

A)making conversation.
B)planning activities.
C)paying for the date.
D)initiating sex.

Question 60

Researchers have asked older men and women why they date.They found that men date to __________ and women date to __________.

A)talk about their feelings ...to have something to do.
B)to have something to do ...increase their prestige among friends.
C)talk about their feelings ...increase their prestige among friends.
D)increase their prestige among friends ...talk about their feelings.

Question 61

According to Frederick Engels,a nineteenth century collaborator of Karl Marx,marriage was a critical initial social underpinning of both

A)religion and democracy.
B)class inequality and the oppression of women.
C)equal rights and equal responsibilities for men and women.
D)industrial capitalism and post-industrial globalization.

Question 62

Socialist feminists agree with Engels that

A)the oppression of women depends on monogamy.
B)the liberation of women depends on monogamy.
C)the oppression of women was tied to the maintenance of the class systems.
D)the liberation of women was tied to the maintenance of the class systems.

Question 63

Frederick Engels,a nineteenth century collaborator of Karl Marx,theorized that marriage had been invented

A)to control women and especially to ensure they were sexually exclusive.
B)to allow people to trace their kinship through their mothers.
C)as a way to disperse the wealth of the community in an equitable manner to all members.
D)at the point of human emergence as a species.

Question 64

In the gay and lesbian community,activists

A)have a high level of consensus that gaining the right to marry is an appropriate political goal.
B)are divided on the issue of marriage,with some wanting the legal right to marry to serve as a political goal,and others thinking that we should organize intimate relationships in way different than the marriage model.
C)prefer quasi-marriage or civil unions that provide the rights of marriage but not the responsibilities.
D)assert that gay men are more strongly in favor of working for legal marriage than lesbians.

Question 65

White women whose marriages are preceded by cohabitation __________ than those whose marriages are not preceded by cohabitation.

A)are more likely to divorce
B)are less likely to divorce
C)are equally like to divorce

Question 66

Aulette's discussion of "families we choose" refers to

A)gay and lesbian couples who live in social arrangements with intimate relationships between couples and close familial relationships with other adults and among adults and children.
B)blended families formed after remarriage of stepparents and stepchildren.
C)the bond a newlywed couple and their in-laws.
D)extended families of kin related by blood and marriage that provide emotional support.

Question 67

Research cited in Aulette indicates that approximately _____ percent of the population cohabited before a first marriage.

A)10%
B)20%
C)50%
D)80%

Question 68

The more education a person has

A)the more likely he or she is to have cohabited.
B)the less likely he or she is to have cohabited.
C)makes no difference in the likelihood of cohabitation.

Question 69

What is the relationship between education and cohabitation?

A)A positive relationship -- the more education the more likely a person has cohabited.
B)A negative or inverse relationship -- the more education the less likely a person has cohabited.
C)A curvilinear relationship -- as education increases,the rate of cohabitation first increases and then decreases.
D)A curvilinear relationship -- as education increases,the rate of cohabitation first decreases and then decreases.

Question 70

The majority (about 60%)of cohabitation relationships

A)involve a couple who do not intend to ever marry.
B)result in marriage.
C)is among older Americans over the age of 65.
D)are kept secret from families.

Question 71

Socialist feminists disagree with Engels' assertion that

A)working-class men did not benefit from the organization of marriage placing women in a dependent,subordinate position.
B)entering the labor force increases the oppression of women.
C)polygynous marriages are superior to monogamous marriages.
D)class inequality is unrelated to gender inequality.

Question 72

Frederick Engels,a nineteenth century collaborator of Karl Marx,developed a theory explaining why women were oppressed.He was the first recognized scholar to assert that women's status relative to men's was based on _________ factors.

A)religious
B)social
C)biological
D)psychological