Deck 25: Chinese and Korean Art After 1279

Question 1

Prior to the Song dynasty, _________ had set the tone for artistic taste.

A) the scholarly class
B) Buddhist monks
C) the imperial court
D) foreign influences

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The earliest extant and dated Joseon secular painting is __________ by An Gyeon.

A) Dream Journey to the Peach Blossom Land
B) A Landscape with Swans
C) The Lotus Pond
D) Snowy Mountain and Lake

Answer 2

A

Question 3

During the early part of the Joseon dynasty, the Koreans invented their __________, known as Han'geul.

A) history
B) seal
C) alphabet
D) legacy

Answer 3

C

Question 4

__________, a pre-eminent professional painter in the Ming period, produced the influential handscroll Spring Dawn in the Han Palace .

A) Guan Zhou
B) Zhao Mengfu
C) Qiu Ying
D) Dai Jin

Question 5

Unlike many scholars of his time, the painter, __________, did serve the Yuan government and was made a high official.

A) Zhao Mengfu
B) Kublai Khan
C) Jenghiz Khan
D) Yuan Khan

Question 6

In the principle of the __________, a projecting element of one piece fits so snugly and smoothly into a cavity of another piece that no glue or nails are needed.

A) post and lintel
B) groin vaulting
C) wood block
D) mortise-and-tenon joint

Question 7

The decorative arts, especially __________, thrived during the Ming dynasty.

A) sculpture
B) woodcuts
C) engravings
D) porcelain

Question 8

__________ painted The Rongxi Studio , using a dry brush technique.

A) Jenghiz Khan
B) Ni Zan
C) Zhao Mengfu
D) Kublai Khan

Question 9

A treasured scroll often bears not only the __________ of its maker, but also those of collectors and admirers throughout the centuries.

A) finger prints
B) seal
C) colophon
D) symbolism

Question 10

How does Zhao Mengfu's Autumn Colors on the Qiao and Hua Mountains reflect the literati's taste for the "spirit of antiquity"?

A) It was painted in honor of the ancestors of a close friend.
B) It depicts an ancient landscape in a distant Chinese province.
C) It was painted in the archaic style of the earlier Tang dynasty.
D) It is characterized by unassuming brushwork and subtle use of color.

Question 11

In the eighteenth century, a truly Korean style of painting emerged known as the __________ movement, emphasizing the study of things Korean, in addition to the Chinese classics.

A) silhak
B) guang
C) achala
D) zhou

Question 12

__________ emerged as a leader in Chinese painting during the 1980's for his synthesis of Chinese and Western ideas and techniques.

A) Yin Hong
B) Shitao
C) Wu Guanzhong
D) Wen Hong

Question 13

Korean secular painting came into its own during the __________ dynasty.

A) Goryeo
B) Joseon
C) Qing
D) Ming

Question 14

Among silhak painters, __________ typically depicted aristocratic figures in native Korean garb, as in Picnic at the Lotus Pond .

A) Jeong Seon
B) An Gyeon
C) Sin Yunbok
D) Weh Hong

Question 15

The northern city of __________ developed as a walled, rectangular city with streets laid out in a grid.

A) Shanghai
B) Taipei
C) Beijing
D) Guangzhou

Question 16

The largest surviving garden of the Ming dynasty is the __________.

A) Garden of Paradise
B) Garden of the Emperor
C) Garden of the Cessation of Official Life
D) Garden of Content

Question 17

__________ typifies Ming court taste and is an example of the birds-and-flowers genre.

A) Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Peacocks
B) A Day in the Garden
C) The Hunt
D) On the Banks of the Yi

Question 18

The Horizontal Wine Bottle with Decoration of a Bird Carrying a Newly Caught Fish is an example of sixteenth-century __________ware.

A) Qing
B) bronze
C) buncheong
D) Yuan

Question 19

A literati of the late Ming period, __________ developed significant and far-reaching theories on the state of Chinese painting.

A) Zhao Mengfu
B) Ni Zan
C) Dong Qichang
D) Dai Jin

Question 20

A major literati painter from the Ming period, _________ painted Poet on a Mountaintop and composed a poem to accompany it.

A) Shen Zhou
B) Guang Zhou
C) Wang Hui
D) Qiu Ying

Question 21

In Autumn Colors on the Qiao and Hua Mountains __________ intentionally painted in the manner of the earlier Tang dynasty.

A) Dai Jin
B) Yin Hong
C) Ni Zan
D) Zhao Mengfu

Question 22

What feature distinguishes Korean porcelains from those of the Ming dynasty in China?

A) asymmetrical designs reflecting a taste for unornamented space
B) the use of iron-brown underglazing
C) vessels with bulging shoulders, slender bases and short, vertical necks
D) all of the above

Question 23

The Garden of the Cessation of Official Life is designed to _________________.

A) foster the owner's scholarly pursuits
B) reflect Confucianist beliefs about the individual's role in society
C) show an ideal plan for balance and harmony in the universe
D) recall the owner's successful career as a government official

Question 24

The painter Jeong Seon exemplified the _________ movement by painting well-known Korean vistas such as the Diamond Mountains.

A) silhak
B) orthodox
C) buncheong
D) antiquated

Question 25

Dong Qichang believed that the quality of a painting should be judged on _____________.

A) the resemblance of the painting to its subject
B) the expressive power of the painting
C) its symbolic representation of universal harmony
D) the meticulous rendering of small details

Question 26

How did the literati's view of painting differ from artists who were paid for their work?

A) their close attention to technical skill
B) an emphasis on art as personal expression
C) the preference for historical and intellectual subjects
D) all of the above

Question 27

Emphasis on painting's expressive nature during the Ming Dynasty brought it closer to what other Chinese art form?

A) porcelain production
B) calligraphy
C) landscape design
D) poetry

Question 28

Which painting format was NOT favored by members of the literati?

A) handscrolls
B) album leafs
C) hanging scrolls
D) wall paintings

Question 29

The symbolism of Yin Hong's Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Peacocks to show homage to court officials recalls what philosophical tradition?

A) Buddhism
B) Daoism
C) Confucianism
D) none of the above

Question 30

What factor did NOT impede Korea's artistic development in the early twentieth century?

A) a legacy of self-imposed isolationism
B) Communist imposed restrictions on artistic freedom
C) harsh circumstances brought on by war
D) colonial occupation by Japan

Question 31

In its balance and symmetry, the plan of __________ reflects ancient Chinese beliefs about the harmony of the universe.

A) Hong Kong City
B) Suzhou City
C) the Forbidden City
D) Shanghai City

Question 32

Literati painting was an established academic style practiced at court during which period of Chinese history?

A) Yuan
B) Ming
C) Qing
D) None of the above

Question 33

How does Shen Zhou's Poet on a Mountaintop represent the essence of Ming literati painting?

A) the loose rendering of a mountain landscape
B) the harmonious blending of mind and nature
C) the emphasis on the solitary man
D) the use of calligraphy

Question 34

Dong Qichang's theories about Chinese painting promoted the Southern school, which was associated with _____________.

A) court painters of the Ming Dynasty
B) the literati
C) professional painters
D) Buddhist monks

Question 35

Dong Qichang based his ideas about China's Northern and Southern schools of painting on ________________.

A) regional centers of artistic production
B) parallels he saw in Buddhist practice
C) traditions associated with the Song dynasty
D) none of the above

Question 36

Which art form was NOT considered an accomplishment suited to the literati?

A) calligraphy
B) poetry
C) music
D) painting

Question 37

Like the previous two dynasties, the __________ potters excelled in the manufacture of ceramics.

A) Beijing
B) Joseon
C) Taipei
D) Hong Kong

Question 38

The spare dry brush technique used by Ni Zan was associated with what personality type?

A) the intellectual
B) the eccentric
C) the noble spirit
D) the melancholic

Question 39

Who was the primary audience of literati paintings?

A) patrons from court
B) lower government officials
C) close friends and scholars
D) private collectors

Question 40

The traditions of Korean buncheong pottery can still be seen today in ceramics from what country?

A) the United States
B) China
C) Japan
D) England

Question 41

The Mongols planned the city of Beijing according to traditional Chinese principles, utilizing the __________ format.

A) triangle
B) parallel
C) diagonal
D) grid

Question 42

It is the use of __________ that makes the Korean buncheong ware resemble more expensive white porcelain.

A) crackle glaze
B) brown slip
C) white slip
D) red slip

Question 43

"Arts of the brush" were practiced by scholars and even emperors, and include calligraphy and __________.

A) painting
B) ceramics
C) drawing
D) architecture

Question 44

In the literati tradition, _________, calligraphy, and painting were the three areas of accomplishment suited for members of the cultural elite.

A) poetry
B) sport
C) war
D) philanthropy

Question 45

The newly established Joseon dynasty of __________ patterned its government after Ming-dynasty China.

A) Korea
B) Malaysia
C) India
D) Taiwan

Question 46

What city did Venetian traveler Marco Polo arrive in 1275, after an arduous four-year journey?

A) Taipei
B) Shanghai
C) Hong Kong
D) Beijing

Question 47

One of the major distinctions made in Chinese painting is between 2 styles; scholarly/literati and__________.

A) mercantile
B) priestly
C) courtly
D) lower-class

Question 48

The Korean term __________ refers to "practical learning" and in the arts is the name of a movement emphasizing a focus on things Korean.

A) goryeo
B) geumgang-san
C) silhak
D) buncheong

Question 49

The twentieth-century Korean painter __________ visited Paris as well as lived and worked in New York City.

A) Gim Hwangi
B) Nam June Paik
C) Sin Yunbok
D) Jeong Seon

Question 50

The Forbidden City was built mostly by what dynasty?

A) Qing
B) Ming
C) Joseon
D) Yuan

Question 51

A __________ was often part of a handscroll and could consist of inscriptions related to the work, such as a poem or comments by various owners of the scroll over time.

A) index
B) antiphon
C) forward
D) colophon

Question 52

__________'s painting, 5-IV-71 , reflects his study of Western modernism, as well as his Korean roots.

A) Zhao Mengfu
B) Gim Hwangi
C) Dong Qichang
D) Dai Jin

Question 53

In the last decade of the sixteenth century, Japanese armies destroyed many of Korea's __________ kilns and brought the ware's production to a halt.

A) guanzhong
B) joseon
C) buncheong
D) shitao

Question 54

The Joseon court dispatched artists from the royal painting academy to the kilns 30 miles southeast of Seoul to train __________.

A) landscape painters
B) porcelain painters
C) portrait painters
D) wildlife painters

Question 55

Particularly noteworthy among Ming porcelain are the __________ wares, such as the fifteenth-century flask with dragons .

A) red-and-white
B) blue-and-white
C) grey-and-white
D) green-and-white

Question 56

Shitao's Landscape is characteristic of the highly personal approach of ___________painters in the Qing dynasty.

A) individualist
B) literati
C) court
D) priest

Question 57

Characteristically, Chinese furniture is constructed without the use of glue or nails, relying instead on the principle of __________.

A) twisted assembly
B) bent connection
C) mortise-and-tenon joint
D) cement joining

Question 58

Unlike ceramic decoration in China, the painting on the best Korean porcelain from the fifteenth century onward closely approximated that on paper and__________.

A) palm leaves
B) silk
C) canvas
D) granite

Question 59

In Hundreds of Birds Admiring the Peacocks , the painter, __________, endows the subject with symbolic meaning.

A) Gim Hwangi
B) Yin Hong
C) Nam June Paik
D) Jeong Seon

Question 60

The symmetrical layout of the Forbidden City intentionally emphasizes the emperor's role as _____________, who maintains the cosmic order from his throne in the center of the world.

A) the Son of the Seas
B) the greatest Ruler
C) the Son of Heaven
D) the Son of Buddha

Question 61

What was the historical context for China in the first half of the twentieth century? How did it affect the arts?

Question 62

What is porcelain? How did it acquire its name? How is it produced? Cite an example.

Question 63

What is a colophon?

Question 64

What was the impact of the Yuan dynasty on the arts? Build your discussion using specific examples.

Question 65

Explain the principle of the mortise-and-tenon joint. Use a specific example as part of your explanation.

Question 66

Explain the significance of the dragon in Chinese tradition; cite a specific example of its representation in the arts.

Question 67

Dong Qichang created his Qingbian Mountains in what standard format of Chinese painting?

A) hanging scroll
B) handscroll
C) album leaf
D) plate scroll

Question 68

What is the derivation of the word "porcelain"?

Question 69

What is distinctive about Korean painted porcelain?

Question 70

Explain the Silhak movement. What is the meaning of the word "silhak"?

Question 71

Explain the dry brush technique. Identify an artist and a work associated with this technique.

Question 72

What is the Forbidden City ? Who built it? Consider its origins, its design, its symbolism.

Question 73

How did China view itself in relation to the rest of the world?

Question 74

How were "arts of the brush" seen in relation to other Chinese art forms?

Question 75

Explain the birds-and-flowers genre of Chinese painting. Identify an artist and a work associated with this genre.

Question 76

What is the Garden of the Cessation of Official Life ? Discuss it in terms of the appropriate dynasty, artistic influences and distinctive features. How did it receive its name?

Question 77

What were the different formats commonly used for Chinese painting? Describe the characteristics and distinctive features of each.

Question 78

Artist Zhao Mengfu was a descendant of the imperial line of Song who chose to serve the Yuan government. Zhao was well-known for his finely rendered paintings of what animal?

A) birds
B) horses
C) turtles
D) cats

Question 79

Discuss the use of seals in Chinese painting? What was their function and how do they contribute to a particular work of art?

Question 80

Who were the painters known as the individualists?