Deck 27: Art of the Americas After 1300

Question 1

Two great empires, the __________ in Mexico and the Inca in South America, rose to prominence in the fifteenth century.

A) Aztec
B) Haarlem
C) Malta
D) Columbus

Answer 1

A

Question 2

__________ divided the city of Tenochtitlan into four quarters.

A) Temples
B) Gaming areas
C) Waterways
D) Houses

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Aztec art was definitely __________.

A) ashen
B) colorful
C) dull
D) minimal

Answer 3

B

Question 4

__________ explorers first arrived in the Americas in 1519.

A) Japanese
B) African
C) European
D) Chinese

Question 5

Places of honor and worship had __________ stones in Inca masonry, as seen at Machu Picchu.

A) smooth
B) irregular
C) no
D) flying

Question 6

The focal point of the sacred precinct of the city of Tenochtitlan was the __________.

A) Great Pyramid
B) game area
C) headdress
D) scull rack

Question 7

The __________ built an extensive road system in South America to move their armies and speed transport and communication within the empire.

A) Incas
B) Aztecs
C) Europeans
D) Mexicans

Question 8

Woodlands people used __________, which were sometimes used to keep records or exchange at the conclusion of treaties.

A) wampum
B) featherwork
C) corbeling
D) llama

Question 9

Native Americans especially prized __________ glass beads and silver.

A) Woodland
B) European
C) Japanese
D) Chinese

Question 10

The term Inca refers to both the ruler and to the __________.

A) feathers
B) communication
C) roads
D) people

Question 11

Although __________ was one of the glories of Mesoamerican art, it was fragile and very little survives today.

A) sculpture
B) textile work
C) featherwork
D) painting

Question 12

An idealized representation of the city of Tenochtitlan was drawn by Aztec scribes for Spanish administrators; the drawing formed the first

A) Metamorphosis
B) Bible
C) Koran
D) Codex Mendoza

Question 13

The __________ formed a powerful federation of five northeastern Native American nations and played a prominent role until after the American Revolution.

A) Plains
B) Apache
C) Navajo
D) Iroquois

Question 14

The Incas utilized __________ as pack animals to help negotiate the steep mountain slopes of Cuzco.

A) llamas
B) dogs
C) cats
D) bears

Question 15

__________ was deemed a fitting offering for the Incan gods.

A) lintels
B) rocks
C) cloth
D) wattle

Question 16

__________ were widely used in Mesoamerican art.

A) Feathers
B) Papers
C) Prints
D) Diamonds

Question 17

Aztec religion was based on __________.

A) idolatry
B) transcendentalism
C) monotheism
D) pantheism

Question 18

The Spanish were not interested in Inca __________, but in the vast quantities of gold and silver.

A) mountains
B) textiles
C) architecture
D) feathers

Question 19

The term __________ derives from the word Atzlan, a mythical place northwest of the Valley of Mexico.

A) Arizona
B) Aztec
C) Atlanta
D) Attica

Question 20

The patterns and designs on Incan garments were _____________.

A) purely decorative motifs laid out in a checkerboard arrangement
B) symbolic of the wearer's the ethnic identity and social rank
C) unique to a particular individual
D) influenced by the aesthetic preferences of Spanish conquerors

Question 21

The __________ abruptly changed life on the Great Plains in 1869.

A) warriors
B) farms
C) railway
D) gold

Question 22

The Inca valued gold and silver because ______________.

A) They could be traded with the Spanish.
B) They saw in them symbols of the sun and the moon.
C) They could be easily worked into sacred sculptures.
D) They were symbols of personal wealth and status.

Question 23

Northwest painting and weaving images are composed of two basic elements: the __________ and the formline.

A) bear
B) bull
C) scribe
D) ovoid

Question 24

Which was considered "women's art" until the twentieth century?

A) Pueblo pottery production
B) Chilkat Tlingit blanket weaving
C) Navajo sand painting
D) belts and strings made from wampum

Question 25

How did the Spaniards influence the art of Navajo weaving?

A) They imposed taxes on Navajo textile production.
B) They preferred ornamental patterns related to Islamic traditions.
C) They introduced of sheep to the native culture.
D) They introduced of new weaving techniques.

Question 26

Northwest Coast people lived in family groups or __________ that claimed descent from a mythical animal or animal-human ancestor.

A) clans
B) tribes
C) herds
D) segments

Question 27

A robe collected by Lewis and Clark on their 1804-06 expedition into western lands was eventually displayed at __________.

A) church
B) Monticello
C) night
D) home

Question 28

Nomadic Plains people used portable dwellings called a __________.

A) waud
B) dabble
C) clapboard
D) tipi

Question 29

After the Spanish invasion, Aztec craftspeople adapted their skills to create ___________of Christian subjects.

A) gold and silver sculptures
B) feather paintings
C) woven textiles
D) manuscripts

Question 30

Aztec culture included all of the following EXCEPT ______________.

A) bloodletting rituals and human sacrifice
B) a divinatory calendar of 260 days
C) a vast network of roads for communication and trade
D) a pantheon combining ancient Mesoamerican gods with Aztec deities

Question 31

How did the ideas of Dorothy Dunn impact Native American art in the United States?

A) She encouraged the practice of native traditions in the production of authentic tribal arts.
B) She taught native artists to create work that would appeal to tourists and collectors.
C) She organized regional craft festivals where native artists could sell their wares.
D) All of the above.

Question 32

There are three principal basket-making techniques: __________, plaiting, and twining.

A) shoving
B) brushing
C) burning
D) coiling

Question 33

Tipis were the property and responsibility of __________.

A) the community
B) women
C) tribal elders
D) individual families

Question 34

What method did the Inca use to keep detailed accounts and historical records?

A) a written language based on pictographs
B) visual images recorded on stele and in manuscripts
C) knotted and colored cords called quipu
D) cylindrical purple and white shell beads called wampum

Question 35

Woodlands art focused on personal adornment and fragile arts such as __________.

A) altars
B) games
C) quillwork
D) sculpture

Question 36

Early __________ mimicked the patterns and colors of quillwork.

A) beadwork
B) corbelling
C) gardens
D) tattoos

Question 37

Decorative beadwork did not become commonplace until after __________ contact.

A) Chinese
B) Japanese
C) Russian
D) European

Question 38

How did the Canadian government respond to the Kwakwaka'wakw's Winter Ceremony in the late nineteenth century?

A) They outlawed it as dangerous to the welfare of children.
B) They marketed it as a tourist attraction to bolster the local economy.
C) They officially recognized it as part of Canada's cultural heritage.
D) They aided in reviving the ceremony in efforts to preserve traditional culture.

Question 39

How are Hamatsa masks of the Northwestern Kwakwaka'wakw culture traditionally used?

A) They hang on a dividing screen in the tribe's great house.
B) They sit on a "spirit altar" during ritual ceremonies.
C) They are worn in ritual dances.
D) They act as guardians outside the entrance of buildings.

Question 40

Many Native American cultures stage ritual dance ceremonies to call upon __________ spirits.

A) feather
B) guardian
C) neighbor
D) future

Question 41

What changes occurred in the production of Native American beadwork after European contact?

A) Native artists began to use glass beads from Venice and Bohemia.
B) Decorative beadwork became commonplace.
C) Native artists adapted European needlework techniques and floral designs.
D) All of the above.

Question 42

The bronze sculpture The Spirit of Haida Gwaii outside the Canadian Embassy in Washington,D.C. was created by which artist?

A) Bill Reid
B) Hosteen Klah
C) Jaune Quick-to-See Smith
D) Ramona Sakiestewa

Question 43

Two Native American peoples of the southwestern United States discussed in the text include the __________ and the Navajo.

A) Pueblo
B) Abenaki
C) Aztec
D) Iroquois

Question 44

The Whirling Log Ceremony sand painting , woven into tapestry, depicts part of the ____________creation myth.

A) Abenaki
B) Pueblo
C) Iroquois
D) Navajo

Question 45

Pottery was traditionally an art of __________ among the Pueblo peoples.

A) children
B) young men
C) women
D) chiefs

Question 46

What of the following was characteristic of Aztec manuscripts?

A) Books bound with elaborately decorated gold and silver covers
B) Accordion-pleated books, which could be opened to show multiple
C) Binders containing individual pages that could be organized in multiple ways
D) Pages filled with colorful checkerboard patterns that held symbolic meaning

Question 47

What did the Navajo find most controversial about shaman-singer Hosteen Klah's woven tapestries?

A) He was practicing a woman's art form.
B) He was incorporating images from sand-paintings into his weavings.
C) He was selling his work to collectors and museums.
D) All of the above.

Question 48

__________ is the people-eating spirit of the north.

A) Kwatee
B) Hamatsa
C) Wendego
D) Sedna

Question 49

Which of the following was typically done by men in the Great Plains?

A) basketry
B) painting on buffalo-hide
C) quillwork
D) all of the above

Question 50

The Pueblo artist Maria Montoya Martinez is known for the distinctive _________ceramic style she developed with her husband in the early twentieth century .

A) stoneware
B) whiteware
C) roundware
D) blackware

Question 51

Dorothy Dunn helped Native Americans of the Southwest paint in a stereotypical __________ style.

A) European
B) Indian
C) Asian
D) African

Question 52

_______ paintings are meant to be destroyed by nightfall on the day in which they are made.

A) Water
B) Sand
C) Granite
D) Grass

Question 53

How does the National Museum of the American Indian convey Native American ideals in its design?

A) The entrance on the east side is similar to prairie tipis.
B) The surrounding landscape symbolizes the Native relationship to the environment.
C) A stained glass Sun Marker creates a dagger of light in the atrium.
D) All of the above.

Question 54

Which statement best describes the interests of Native American Jaune Quick-to-See Smith ?

A) She wants to revive native traditions and art forms in contemporary art.
B) She emphasizes the functional/craft role of Native American art.
C) She makes art that reflects her ethnic identity, as well as its relationship to Western culture.
D) She argues her Native American ancestry is irrelevant to her role as a contemporary artist.

Question 55

Some of the finest Hamatsa masks are the work of Willie __________.

A) Martinez
B) Smith
C) Seaweed
D) Algae

Question 56

What visual feature is NOT typical of Chilkat Tlingit blankets ?

A) stylized animal images composed of ovoids and formlines
B) fringe formed from loose hanging warp threads
C) intricate geometric patterns made using undyed sheep's wool
D) symmetrical designs

Question 57

Hosteen Klah was a nadle, or Navajo third __________, and could learn both female and male arts.

A) warrior
B) chief
C) gender
D) artist

Question 58

What Navajo art form did not develop until the nineteenth century?

A) sand painting
B) blackware ceramics
C) jewelry made of silver and turquoise
D) woven blankets

Question 59

The Studio School led by Dorothy Dunn taught students to combine qualities of folk art and _______with "Indian" subject matter to create a stereotypical style of art that appealed to collectors and tourists.

A) Art Deco
B) Impressionism
C) Realism
D) Japanisme

Question 60

Traditional designs used in quillwork and beadwork are characterized by ___________.

A) floral motifs
B) rectilinear organization
C) abstract curvilinear patterns
D) ovoid shapes and formlines

Question 61

What was the goal of the Spanish in approaching the New World?

Question 62

What Native American group of women were highly regarded for their weaving?

Question 63

What are some qualities of Plains Indian art?

Question 64

How did the Aztecs use feathers?

Question 65

What were the building traditions of the Incas?

Question 66

What kinds of textiles had great prestige among the Northwest Coast people?

Question 67

What is quillwork?

Question 68

Why did Northwest Coast people live in communal houses?

Question 69

How did the Incas regard cloth?

Question 70

How did Native Americans use basketry?

Question 71

In what ways did the Inca organize their empire?

Question 72

The beadwork Baby Carrier from the Eastern Sioux features what symbol of protection against both human and supernatural adversaries?

A) antelope
B) buffalo
C) thunderbird
D) raven

Question 73

Why does animal imagery feature prominently in Northwest Coast art?

A) it assists the clan in meditation and prayer
B) animals are sacred to Northwest clans and not to be eaten
C) each extended family clan traces their lineage back to a mythical animal
D) there are rules in the clans against any portrayal of humans in art

Question 74

What is one impact of the arrival of Europeans in Mesoamerica?

Question 75

What is the Four Corners region?

Question 76

For the Great Plains people, what is the purpose of the hole in the top of a tipi?

A) it assists the clan in meditation and prayer
B) it served as a smoke hole for a central hearth
C) it allowed them to see the moon at night
D) they did not devise a way to cover this, so they left it open

Question 77

How do we know about the ceremonial complexes of the Aztecs?

Question 78

What is the Hamatsa?

Question 79

What kinds of Incan art survived the Spanish onslaught?

Question 80

How is beadwork related to quillwork?