Deck 8: Nationalism

Question 1

What was the nationalists' understanding of race?

A) They celebrated the mixing of indigenous, European, and African genes.
B) They believed in the need to whiten the population.
C) They did not take a stance in relation to race.
D) They disliked the enslaved people.

Answer 1

They celebrated the mixing of indigenous, European, and African genes.

Question 2

Which group did the new nationalists represent?

A) the rural poor class
B) the rural elite
C) the urban middle class
D) the urban lower class

Answer 2

the urban middle class

Question 3

How did the new nationalists react toward foreign investment?

A) They embraced it.
B) They tried to lure more of it.
C) It meant nothing to them.
D) They strongly criticized it.

Answer 3

They strongly criticized it.

Question 4

Did the role of foreign capital in Argentina diminish under Yrigoyen's government?

A) Yes, it was almost nonexistent.
B) No, it doubled.
C) No, it remained pretty much the same.
D) Yes, it diminished 30 percent.

Question 5

Who was the leader of nationalism in Brazil?

A) Lazaro Cárdenas
B) Getúlio Vargas
C) Diego Rivera
D) Hipólito Yrigoyen

Question 6

On what did all the factions of the Mexican Revolution agree?

A) the importance of foreign investment
B) the need to support Porfirio Díaz
C) the need to oust Porfirio Díaz
D) the importance of eliminating slavery

Question 7

What does ISI stand for?

A) important social industrialization
B) inside social industries
C) import-substitution industrialization
D) identity search industries

Question 8

To which side of the political spectrum would Vargas's Estado Novo best fit?

A) It is almost impossible to determine.
B) to the left
C) to the right
D) slightly to the right

Question 9

Which of the following was the primary goal of the Estado Novo?

A) social equality
B) promoting the rights of the economic elites
C) territorial expansion
D) industrialization

Question 10

Who was Diego Rivera?

A) a Mexican muralist who mostly depicted indigenous people in his work
B) a Chilean president killed during the Independence wars
C) a Uruguayan prince
D) a Brazilian Emperor

Question 11

Which of the following was extremely important for the nationalists?

A) equality
B) war
C) democracy
D) industrialization

Question 12

"Batllismo" was

A) an urban movement.
B) a rural movement.
C) a lower-class movement.
D) a religious movement.

Question 13

Which of the following was one of the main differences between the new nationalists and the neocolonial elites?

A) The nationalists felt comfortable in their Latin American skins.
B) The nationalists traveled to Europe and the United States, but the neocolonial elites did not.
C) The nationalists wanted to look like Europeans, but were never able to.
D) The nationalists were all white and had mixed races.

Question 14

What was the most prominent characteristic of the Estado Novo in Brazil?

A) It was ruled by three presidents who shared all responsibilities.
B) It promoted foreign investment.
C) It allied with the Catholic Church.
D) It was highly authoritarian.

Question 15

In which of these countries did nationalism first erupt?

A) Argentina
B) Mexico
C) Peru
D) Chile

Question 16

Why did Vargas create so many agencies and ministries during the Estado Novo in Brazil?

A) to lower high unemployment rates
B) to reduce the power of the military forces
C) to further the nation's common goals and welfare
D) to promote liberal ideas

Question 17

Why does Chasteen believe nationalism marked a clear watershed in the history of Latin America?

A) It was the first time an ideology only attracted the lower class.
B) It was the first time an ideology attracted the ardent support of people across the social spectrum.
C) It meant that Latin American countries had finally consolidated.
D) Due to nationalism, Latin American countries started to negotiate with the United States.

Question 18

Which was the main ideal behind the Uruguayan political movement known as "Batllismo"?

A) equality
B) opposition to social democracy
C) democracy
D) opposition to foreign economic imperialism

Question 19

Where were ISIs most likely to work?

A) in countries with a small national market
B) in countries with a large indigenous population
C) in countries with a large national market
D) The model had the same probabilities in all Latin American countries.

Question 20

What global event marked the end of neocolonialism and the emergence of the nationalist movement?

A) World War I
B) World War II
C) The Spanish Civil War
D) The Great Depression of the 1930s

Question 21

To which audience did populist leaders appeal?

A) high class
B) middle class
C) lower-middle class
D) all social classes

Question 22

Who were the main supporters of the populist Peronist movement?

A) the middle class
B) women
C) the workers
D) the elites

Question 23

What happened after Jorge Eliécer Gaitán was assassinated in Colombia?

A) Riots erupted everywhere; the Bogotazo being the most famous one.
B) Nothing really changed.
C) Colombia gained independence.
D) Colombia merged with Venezuela.

Question 24

With which country is Victor Raúl Haya de la Torre affiliated?

A) Mexico
B) Chile
C) Venezuela
D) Peru