Deck 31: Sexually Transmitted and Blood-Borne Infections

Question 1

In Canada, what is the national rate of HIV-positive infections?

A) 12.5 per 100,000 persons
B) 3.5 per 100,000 persons
C) 6.4 per 100,000 persons
D) 8.9 per 100,000 persons

Answer 1

6.4 per 100,000 persons

Question 2

Thomas has contracted herpes from his new partner. How will this STI be treated?

A) There is no cure
B) Antivirals
C) Laser therapy
D) A course of antibiotics

Answer 2

Antivirals

Question 3

Which are typical acute HIV symptoms that occur two to four weeks after infection?

A) Itchiness and red bumps on the skin
B) Flu-like symptoms and fever
C) Pain and fluid-filled blisters
D) Lower abdominal pain and burning on urination

Answer 3

Flu-like symptoms and fever

Question 4

A nurse is working with a new immigrant group to prevent STIs. What is the nurse most likely to encounter with this population?

A) Ability to seek out health services
B) Positive beliefs surrounding traditional herbal medicine
C) Good access to translated resources
D) Low stress levels within the group

Question 5

Carlita is seeking care for vaginitis. What information should the community health nurse give Carlita about the most common cause of vaginitis?

A) Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is not usually sexually transmitted
B) Viral vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is not usually sexually transmitted
C) Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis in is usually sexually transmitted
D) Viral vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis and is usually sexually transmitted

Question 6

Leslie is 50 years old and presents at the community health centre with complaints of vaginal and rectaldischarge. Leslie does not use condoms with common-law partner Terry. What testing should the nurse offer to provide Leslie?

A) Gonorrhea and chlamydia
B) Syphilis and genital herpes
C) Genital warts
D) Candidiasis

Question 7

What would be an appropriate method of testing for chlamydia?

A) Culture of the fluid drawn from a sore
B) Dark-field microscopy
C) Blood test
D) Urine testing

Question 8

In 2014, what percentage of Canadians infected with HIV are unaware of their HIV status?

A) 59%
B) 77%
C) 43%
D) 21%

Question 9

Juan is HIV positive and attending the STI clinic. Adriana, the community health nurse is communicating to Juan that in addition to being HIV positive, Juan also has Syphilis. Which of the following statements is true about this situation?

A) Juan is more likely to transmit HIV to his unaffected partner
B) Juan is less likely to transmit HIV to his unaffected partner
C) Juan odds of transmitting HIV to his unaffected partner are no less and no greater than if he did not have HIV
D) Juan should decide to abstain from having sexual intercourse with any partners.

Question 10

A nurse is working with injection drug users. What infection is the nurse most concerned about preventing in this population?

A) Hepatitis B
B) Hepatitis A
C) Syphilis
D) Genital herpes

Question 11

What is the most prevalent reportable bacterial sexually transmitted infection (STI) seen in Canada?

A) Genital herpes
B) Gonorrhea
C) Hepatitis B
D) Chlamydia

Question 12

Tony is seen by a nurse at the STI clinic. The nurse observes red tracks and bumps in the genital area around his groin and thighs. Tony reports itchiness in the same region. What sexually transmitted infection should the nurse suspect?

A) Trichomoniasis
B) Pubic lice
C) Scabies
D) Genital herpes

Question 13

In 2015, what percentage of all positive adult HIV tests was among the men who have sex with men (MSM)?

A) 31
B) 44
C) 50
D) 19

Question 14

The local health department recognized that there are high rates of various STIs among women who work as exotic dancers. Which intervention has the best chance of success in reducing the high rates of STIs?

A) Encouraging women to work at large box stores instead of dancing
B) Supplying free condoms to the dancers
C) Installing condom machines in the washrooms of strip clubs
D) Working with the strip club employers and dancers to develop a peer education program

Question 15

Carmen is working with a group of university students to implement an awareness campaign about the importance of obtaining regular Papanicolaou tests. Which of the following pieces of information is relevant for Carmen to include in the awareness campaign?

A) Half of adults with hepatitis B will not show specific symptoms
B) Some human papillomavirus strains can cause abnormal cell changes on the cervix
C) Symptoms for genital herpes include burning while urinating and flu-like symptoms
D) Vaginitis is the most common reasons for gynecologic visits

Question 16

Jo has a 10-year history of injection drug use. Which of the following harm reduction services related to injection druge use is Jo able to use? Select all that apply.

A) Needle exchange program
B) Supervised comsumption site
C) Free condom program
D) Accessing primary health care

Question 17

Heidi is working with high school students to discuss the importance of safe sex practices. The students appear uninterested and distracted. What should Heidi be worried about?

A) Students are aware of where to obtain treatment for potential STIs and will seek out services
B) Students are apathetic about hearing about and complying with safer-sex messages
C) Students already are aware of safer-sex messages and will comply if they engage in sexual activity
D) Students may not be engaging in sexual activity so this information is not relevant at this this

Question 18

A nurse is utilizing a harm reduction approach to prevent the spread of blood borne infections. What would be an appropriate strategy to meet this goal?

A) Increasing clients' access to clean needles
B) Providing the HPV vaccine (Gardasil) for free to girls in grade 6
C) Offering chlamydia urine testing in outreach vans
D) Promoting an abstinence-only approach with teens

Question 19

Which of the following are classified as bacterial sexually transmitted infections?

A) Chlamydia, scabies, and herpes
B) Syphilis, candidiasis, and human papillomavirus
C) Gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia
D) Vaginitis, hepatitis A, and gonorrhea

Question 20

Which of the following is true representation of the term vertical transmission?

A) An HIV positive male transmitting HIV to his unaffected male partner
B) An HIV positive male transmitting HIV to his infant
C) An HIV positive female transmitting HIV to her unaffected male partner
D) An HIV positive female transmitting HIV to her infant

Question 21

List four social marketing campaigns that have been used to decrease the rates of sexually transmitted infections

Question 22

What is the purpose of Supervised Consumption Sites?

Question 23

Describe four areas that influence clients to be unable or unwilling to prevent the spread of HIV. Give two specific examples related to each area that a CHN might see in practice. Discuss one type of program that CHNs may be involved in to support these clients' efficacy at implementing risk-reduction practices.

Question 24

Which of the following statements is true of incarcerated persons in Canada's correctional facilities?

A) Incarcerated persons have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons
B) Non-incarcerated persons have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to incarcerated persons
C) Incarcerated persons have proportionally appropriate rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons
D) Incarcerated persons have equal rates of STIs compared to non-incarcerated persons

Question 25

Which of the following statements true about the Indigenous population in Canada?

A) Indigenous people have disproportionately high rates of HIV compared to non-Indigenous people
B) Non-Indigenous people have disproportionately high rates of STIs compared to Indigenous people
C) Indigenous people have proportionally appropriate rates of STIs compared to non-Indigenous people
D) Indigenous people have equal rates of HIV compared to non-Indigenous people

Question 26

Which of the following terms is used to describe "a program-planning process that applies commercial marketing concepts and techniques to promote voluntary behavior change"?

A) Needle exchange programs
B) Harm reduction programs
C) Social marketing programs
D) Capacity building programs

Question 27

What does HPV stand for? How does HPV manifest and why is it important? How is HPV diagnosed? How is HPV prevented?

Question 28

Timothy is working to increase the ability of his clients to promote their sexual health. What is Timothy engaging in?

A) Harm reduction
B) Capacity building
C) Social marketing
D) Health protection

Question 29

Describe four innovative interventions that have been used in Canada to lower the rates of STI. Provide one rationale for each intervention. Give an example of why each intervention has been controversial.

Question 30

Sangeeta is a community health nurse who works with clients who are at increased risk of obtaining blood-borne infections. Why do blood-borne infections need special consideration?

A) Because they are only transmitted via using unclean needles
B) Because they are only transmitted via sexual intercourse
C) Because they are not solely transmitted by sexual activity
D) Because they are only transmitted via blood transfusions