Deck 14: Maternal Nutrition

Question 1

Postpartum nutritional status is determined primarily by assessing which of the following?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A) Dietary history
B) Menstrual history
C) Mother's weight
D) Hemoglobin levels
E) Mother's height

Answer 1

A, C, D

Question 2

A pregnant client confides to the nurse that she is eating laundry starch daily. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following?

A) Alopecia
B) Weight loss
C) Iron deficiency anemia
D) Fecal impaction

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The pregnant client cannot tolerate milk or meat. What would the nurse recommend to the client to assist in meeting protein needs?

A) Wheat bread and pasta
B) Ice cream and peanut butter
C) Eggs and tofu
D) Beans and potatoes

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The nurse is working with a pregnant 14-year-old. Which statement indicates that additional education is required?

A) "Because I am still growing, I need more calories than a pregnant adult."
B) "I need to eat fruit and vegetables every day to get enough vitamins."
C) "My favorite food is pizza, and I eat it once a week."
D) "Because I don't eat breakfast, I'll have to eat more at supper."

Question 5

The nurse is planning an early-pregnancy class session on nutrition. Which information should the nurse include?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A) Protein is important for fetal development.
B) Iron helps both mother and baby maintain the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
C) Calcium prevents constipation at the end of pregnancy.
D) Zinc facilitates synthesis of R N A and D N A.
E) Vitamin A promotes development of the baby's eyes.

Question 6

The prenatal clinic nurse is caring for a 15-year-old client who is at 8 weeks' gestation. The client asks the nurse why she is supposed to gain so much weight. What is the best response by the nurse?

A) "Gaining 25-35 pounds is recommended for healthy fetal growth."
B) "It's what your certified nurse-midwife recommended for you."
C) "Inadequate weight gain delays lactation after delivery."
D) "Weight gain is important to ensure that you get enough vitamins."

Question 7

The breastfeeding mother is concerned that her milk production has decreased. The nurse knows that further client teaching is needed based on which statement?

A) "I am drinking a minimum of 8 to 10 glasses of liquid a day."
B) "I have started cutting back on my protein intake."
C) "At least three times a day, I drink a glass of milk."
D) "My calorie intake is higher than during the pregnancy."

Question 8

What would the nurse do to accurately assess a pregnant client's food intake?

A) Assess her most recent laboratory values.
B) Ask her to complete a nutritional questionnaire.
C) Observe for signs of hunger.
D) Ask about her cooking facilities.

Question 9

A pregnant client who is a lacto-vegetarian asks the nurse for assistance with her diet. What instruction should the nurse give?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A) "Protein is important; therefore, the addition of one serving of meat a day is necessary."
B) "A daily supplement of vitamin B₁₂ is important."
C) "The high fiber in a vegetarian diet is dangerous for pregnant women."
D) "Eggs are important to add to your diet. Eat six eggs per week."
E) "Milk products contain protein, but they are very low in iron."

Question 10

In early-pregnancy class, the nurse emphasizes the importance of 8-10 glasses of fluid per day. How many of these should be water?

A) 1 to 2
B) 2 to 4
C) 4 to 6
D) 3 to 5

Question 11

The nurse is preparing for a postpartum home visit. The client has been home for a week, is breastfeeding, and experienced a third-degree perineal tear after vaginal delivery. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following?

A) Dietary intake of fiber and fluids
B) Dietary intake of folic acid and prenatal vitamins
C) Return of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels to baseline
D) Return of protein and albumin to predelivery levels

Question 12

A pregnant client who was of normal pre-pregnancy weight is now 30 weeks pregnant. She asks the nurse what appropriate weight gain for her should be. What is the nurse's best response?

A) "25-35 pounds"
B) "30-40 pounds"
C) "17-18 pounds"
D) "Less than 15 pounds"

Question 13

A pregnant teenage client is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. Which nutrient should the nurse encourage her to take to increase iron absorption?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Vitamin D
D) Vitamin E

Question 14

A client presents to the antepartum clinic with a history of a 20-pound weight loss. Her pregnancy test is positive. She is concerned about gaining the weight back, and asks the nurse if she can remain on her diet. What is the nurse's best response?

A) "As long as you supplement your diet with the prenatal vitamin, the amount of weight you gain in pregnancy is not significant."
B) "I understand that gaining weight after such an accomplishment might not appeal to you but weight gain during pregnancy is important for proper fetal growth."
C) "Dieting during pregnancy is considered child neglect."
D) "Excessive weight gain in pregnancy is due to water retention, so weight loss following birth will not be an issue."

Question 15

The nurse evaluates the diet of a pregnant client and finds that it is low in zinc. The nurse knows that zinc intake should increase during pregnancy to promote protein metabolism. Which food should the nurse suggest in order to increase intake of zinc?

A) Shellfish
B) Bananas
C) Yogurt
D) Cabbage

Question 16

The nurse is planning an educational session for pregnant vegans. What information should the nurse include?

A) Eating beans and rice provides complete protein needs.
B) Soy is not a good source of protein for vegans.
C) Rice contains a high level of vitamin B₁₂.
D) Vegan diets are excessively high in iron.

Question 17

The kosher diet followed by many Jewish people forbids the eating of what foods?

A) Pig products and shellfish
B) Dairy products
C) All animal products
D) Dairy products and eggs

Question 18

The nurse is presenting a preconception counseling class. The nurse instructs the participants that niacin intake should increase during pregnancy to promote metabolic coenzyme activity. The nurse will know that teaching has been effective if a client suggests which food as a source of niacin?

A) Fish
B) Apples
C) Broccoli
D) Milk

Question 19

Which of the following is important for the development of the central nervous system of the fetus?

A) Calcium and phosphorus
B) Essential fatty acids
C) Iron
D) Vitamin D

Question 20

The pregnant client states she does not want "to take all these supplements." What recommendations could the nurse make for the client?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A) "Folic acid has been found to be essential for minimizing the risk of neural tube defects."
B) "You do not have to take these supplements if you think you are healthy enough."
C) "Most women do not have adequate intake of iron pre-pregnancy, and iron needs increase with pregnancy."
D) "These medications do the same thing. I will call your physician to cancel one of your medications."
E) "You should take the folic acid, but the vitamins are not that important."

Question 21

Before becoming pregnant, a patient had a B M I of 28.5 and weighed 150 l b s. What should be the minimum weight of this patient upon delivery?

Question 22

The nurse is instructing a pregnant patient on the importance of increasing her dietary intake of vitamin E. Which foods should the nurse recommend to meet this dietary need?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Milk
2. Eggs
3. Liver
4. Green salads
5. Whole grain bread

Question 23

A breastfeeding mother is instructed to increase her daily caloric intake an additional 500 calories each day. If her daily intake of protein is 65 grams at 4 calories per gram, how many calories will this patient need to ingest to reach the recommended daily intake?

Question 24

Carbohydrates provide the body's primary source of energy as well as fiber necessary for proper bowel functioning. If the carbohydrate intake is not adequate, the body will use which of the following for energy?

A) Iron
B) Protein
C) Vitamin C
D) Vitamin D

Question 25

A patient asks if seafood is permitted during pregnancy. Which foods should the nurse encourage the patient to consume during this time?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
1. Shrimp
2. Catfish
3. Salmon
4. Swordfish
5. Canned light tuna

Question 26

When preparing nutritional instruction, which pregnant client would the nurse consider the highest priority?

A) 40-year-old gravida 2
B) 22-year-old primigravida
C) 35-year-old gravida 4
D) 15-year-old nulligravida

Question 27

Women with eating disorders who become pregnant are at risk for a variety of complications including which of the following?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A) Premature birth
B) Too many nutrients available for the fetus
C) Miscarriage
D) High birth weight
E) Perinatal mortality

Question 28

The pregnant teen who was prescribed prenatal vitamins at her initial prenatal visit states that she does not like to take them. How should the nurse respond?
Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.

A) "Folic acid has been found to be essential for minimizing the risk of neural tube defects."
B) "You do not have to take these supplements if you think you are healthy enough."
C) "These medications do the same thing. I will call your doctor to cancel one of your medications."
D) "You can trust your doctor to know what you need."
E) "You need the supplements because your dietary intake may not be adequate for fetal development."

Question 29

The school nurse is planning a class about nutrition for pregnant teens, several of whom have been diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. In order to increase iron absorption, the nurse would encourage the teens to consume more of what beverage?

A) Gatorade
B) Orange juice
C) Milk
D) Green tea

Question 30

A patient who is 12 weeks pregnant is counseled to increase her protein intake by an additional 40 grams per day. If each gram of protein is 4 calories, how many additional calories per day should this patient ingest to reach the recommended 300 calories more per day during the pregnancy?

Question 31

The nurse is preparing a prenatal class about infant feeding methods. The maternal nutritional requirements for breastfeeding and formula-feeding will be discussed. What statement should the nurse include?

A) "Breastfeeding requires a continued high intake of protein and calcium."
B) "Formula-feeding mothers should protect their health with a lot of calcium."
C) "Producing breast milk requires calories, but any source of food is fine."
D) "Formula-feeding mothers need a high protein intake to avoid fatigue."

Question 32

Which statement is best to include when teaching a pregnant adolescent about her nutritional needs in pregnancy?

A) "It is important to eat iron-rich foods like meat every day."
B) "Calcium and milk aren't needed until the third trimester."
C) "Folic acid intake is the key to having a healthy baby."
D) "You just need to pay attention to what you eat now."