Deck 3: Sources and Bodily Effects of Drugs

Question 1

Match each item with the correct description below.
Elimination of the drug from the body

A)Excretion
B)Metabolism
C)Distribution
D)Absorption
E)Cumulative effect

Answer 1

Excretion

Question 2

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Condition resulting from exposure to either a poison or a dangerous amount of a drug that is normally safe when given in a smaller amount

A)Antagonism
B)Potentiation
C)Synergism
D)Placebo
E)Toxicity

Answer 2

Toxicity

Question 3

Match each item with the correct description below.
Physiological changes

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Answer 3

Drug effect

Question 4

Match each item with the correct description below.
Increased effect of drug due to build-up in the body

A)Excretion
B)Metabolism
C)Distribution
D)Absorption
E)Cumulative effect

Question 5

Match each item with the correct description below.
Limited to one area of the body

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 6

Match each item with the correct description below.
Acquired need for a drug that may produce symptoms when the drug is discontinued

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 7

Match each item with the correct description below.
Amount that will produce harmful side effects or symptoms of poisoning

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 8

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Action of two drugs working together in which one helps the other simultaneously for an effect that neither could produce alone

A)Antagonism
B)Potentiation
C)Synergism
D)Placebo
E)Toxicity

Question 9

Match each item with the correct description below.
Absorbed and distributed throughout the body

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 10

Match each item with the correct description below.
Cellular changes

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 11

Match each item with the correct description below.
Movement from blood into tissues and fluids

A)Excretion
B)Metabolism
C)Distribution
D)Absorption
E)Cumulative effect

Question 12

Match each item with the correct description below.
Movement into the bloodstream

A)Excretion
B)Metabolism
C)Distribution
D)Absorption
E)Cumulative effect

Question 13

Match each item with the correct description below.
Decreased response to a drug

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 14

Match each item with the correct description below.
Amount required to sustain the desired effect

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 15

Match each item with the correct description below.
Alterations the drug undergoes in the body

A)Excretion
B)Metabolism
C)Distribution
D)Absorption
E)Cumulative effect

Question 16

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Action of two drugs in which one prolongs or multiplies the effect of the other

A)Antagonism
B)Potentiation
C)Synergism
D)Placebo
E)Toxicity

Question 17

Match each item with the correct description below.
Amount that causes death

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 18

Match each item with the correct description below.
Amount used to quickly elevate the blood level of a drug

A)Drug action
B)Drug effect
C)Systemic effects
D)Local effects
E)Lethal dose
F)Maintenance dose
G)Toxic dose
H)Loading dose
I)Dependence
J)Tolerance

Question 19

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Inactive substance that resembles a medication, although no drug is present

A)Antagonism
B)Potentiation
C)Synergism
D)Placebo
E)Toxicity

Question 20

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Opposing action of two drugs in which one decreases or cancels out the effect of the other

A)Antagonism
B)Potentiation
C)Synergism
D)Placebo
E)Toxicity

Question 21

When medication reaches widespread areas of the body, it is called _______.

A) drug effect
B) drug action
C) systemic effect
D) local effect

Question 22

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Using computers, statistics, and mathematics to analyze how drug molecules might work

A)Prodrug
B)Pharmacogenomics
C)Chemoinformatics
D)ADR (adverse drug reaction)
E)Therapeutic range

Question 23

Drug studies have shown teratogenic effects and the drug is contraindicated.

A)Pregnancy Category A
B)Pregnancy Category B
C)Pregnancy Category C
D)Pregnancy Category D
E)Pregnancy Category X

Question 24

Conclusive drug studies have not yet been performed in pregnant women or animals.

A)Pregnancy Category A
B)Pregnancy Category B
C)Pregnancy Category C
D)Pregnancy Category D
E)Pregnancy Category X

Question 25

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Immune response to a drug:

A)Paradoxical effect
B)Anaphylactic reaction
C)Hypersensitivity
D)Idiosyncrasy
E)Teratogenic effect

Question 26

Drug studies have revealed an adverse risk to fetus, and the benefit-to-risk ratio must be established before use during pregnancy.

A)Pregnancy Category A
B)Pregnancy Category B
C)Pregnancy Category C
D)Pregnancy Category D
E)Pregnancy Category X

Question 27

The most actively pursued source of new drugs today is ________.

A) plants
B) minerals
C) animal sources
D) synthetic

Question 28

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Drug that is not active until it has been metabolized

A)Prodrug
B)Pharmacogenomics
C)Chemoinformatics
D)ADR (adverse drug reaction)
E)Therapeutic range

Question 29

The physiological changes caused by drugs are known as ________.

A) drug effects
B) drug actions
C) systemic effect
D) absorption

Question 30

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Severe, possibly fatal, allergic response

A)Paradoxical effect
B)Anaphylactic reaction
C)Hypersensitivity
D)Idiosyncrasy
E)Teratogenic effect

Question 31

Match each item with the correct statement below.
An unintended effect or side effect causing a negative reaction

A)Prodrug
B)Pharmacogenomics
C)Chemoinformatics
D)ADR (adverse drug reaction)
E)Therapeutic range

Question 32

Drug studies not performed on pregnant women; animal studies have not shown fetal risk.

A)Pregnancy Category A
B)Pregnancy Category B
C)Pregnancy Category C
D)Pregnancy Category D
E)Pregnancy Category X

Question 33

Drug studies on pregnant women have not demonstrated a risk to the fetus.

A)Pregnancy Category A
B)Pregnancy Category B
C)Pregnancy Category C
D)Pregnancy Category D
E)Pregnancy Category X

Question 34

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Opposite effect from what was expected

A)Paradoxical effect
B)Anaphylactic reaction
C)Hypersensitivity
D)Idiosyncrasy
E)Teratogenic effect

Question 35

When introduced into the body, all drugs cause cellular changes known as ________.

A) drug actions
B) drug effect
C) systemic effect
D) absorption

Question 36

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Unique, unusual, and unexpected response to a drug

A)Paradoxical effect
B)Anaphylactic reaction
C)Hypersensitivity
D)Idiosyncrasy
E)Teratogenic effect

Question 37

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Science that helps us know if a drug will be effective or possibly toxic based on genetics

A)Prodrug
B)Pharmacogenomics
C)Chemoinformatics
D)ADR (adverse drug reaction)
E)Therapeutic range

Question 38

When medication effect is limited to the area of the body where it is administered, it is called ________.

A) drug effect
B) drug action
C) systemic effect
D) local effect

Question 39

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Effects from maternal drug administration that cause physical defects in a fetus

A)Paradoxical effect
B)Anaphylactic reaction
C)Hypersensitivity
D)Idiosyncrasy
E)Teratogenic effect

Question 40

Match each item with the correct statement below.
Desired blood level to achieve desired effect without serious side effects

A)Prodrug
B)Pharmacogenomics
C)Chemoinformatics
D)ADR (adverse drug reaction)
E)Therapeutic range

Question 41

A condition(s) that may slow distribution of a drug is(are) ________.

A) full or empty stomach
B) poor circulation
C) liver damage
D) renal or kidney damage

Question 42

Absorption of a drug occurs in the ________.

A) mucosa of the stomach, mouth, and small intestine
B) circulatory system
C) liver
D) kidney, sweat glands, lungs, or intestines

Question 43

A dose that causes death is called _______.

A) maximum dose
B) toxic dose
C) lethal dose
D) loading dose

Question 44

The condition that results from exposure to either a poison or a dangerous amount of a drug that is normally safe when given in a smaller amount is called _______.

A) selective distribution
B) toxicity
C) placebo
D) synergism

Question 45

The dose required to keep the drug blood level at a steady state in order to maintain the desired effect is called _________.

A) minimum dose
B) maintenance dose
C) therapeutic dose
D) maximum dose

Question 46

An undesired effect from maternal drug administration that causes the development of physical defects in a fetus is _______.

A) teratogenic effect
B) tolerance
C) hypersensitivity
D) anaphylactic reaction

Question 47

The action of two drugs working together in which one helps the other produce an effect that neither could produce alone is called __________.

A) selective distribution
B) toxicity
C) placebo
D) synergism

Question 48

Metabolism of a drug occurs in the _________.

A) mucosa of the stomach, mouth, and small intestine
B) circulatory system
C) liver
D) kidney, sweat glands, lungs, or intestines

Question 49

A condition(s) that may slow metabolism of a drug is(are) ______.

A) full or empty stomach
B) poor circulation
C) liver damage
D) renal or kidney damage

Question 50

An inactive substance that resembles a medication is called _______.

A) selective distribution
B) toxicity
C) placebo
D) synergism

Question 51

A condition(s) that may slow absorption of a drug is(are) ________.

A) full or empty stomach
B) poor circulation
C) liver damage
D) renal or kidney damage

Question 52

The fastest route of drug administration is _________.

A) IV push or bolus
B) IV drip
C) by mouth (PO)
D) a and b
E) None of the above.

Question 53

Distribution of a drug occurs in the _______.

A) mucosa of the stomach, mouth, and small intestine
B) circulatory system
C) liver
D) kidney, sweat glands, lungs, or intestines

Question 54

The initial high dose used to quickly elevate the level of the drug in the blood is called ______.

A) maximum dose
B) loading dose
C) therapeutic dose
D) lethal dose

Question 55

Excretion of a drug occurs in the ______.

A) mucosa of the stomach, mouth, and small intestine
B) circulatory system
C) liver
D) kidney, sweat glands, lungs, or intestines

Question 56

An affinity or attraction of a drug to a specific organ or cell is called _______.

A) selective distribution
B) toxicity
C) placebo
D) synergism

Question 57

Amount of a drug that will produce harmful side effects or symptoms of poisoning is called _____.

A) maximum dose
B) toxic dose
C) lethal dose
D) loading dose

Question 58

A condition(s) that may slow excretion of a drug is(are) ______.

A) full or empty stomach
B) poor circulation
C) liver damage
D) renal or kidney damage

Question 59

Variables affecting the speed and efficiency of drugs being processed by the body are ____.

A) age, weight, sex, and psychological state
B) age, weight, hair and eye color
C) weight, sex, and education
D) psychological state, sex, and hair color

Question 60

The opposing action of two drugs in which one decreases or cancels out the effect of the other is called ______.

A) placebo
B) synergism
C) potentiation
D) antagonism

Question 61

Drugs with an alkaline pH are best absorbed in the ____.

A) small intestine
B) stomach
C) mouth
D) large intestine

Question 62

Inserting normal genes into a human chromosome is defined as _______.

A) DNA therapy
B) gene therapy
C) chemoinformatics
D) chemical engineering

Question 63

Ozzie's doctor tells him not to take his tetracycline with dairy products because the calcium in the dairy products will form an insoluble complex with the tetracycline.What is this process called?

A) Chelation
B) Oxidation
C) Adsorption
D) Excretion

Question 64

You are reading about the treatment of cardiovascular disease and learn that some medications are more effective in African Americans than persons of other races.The study of why medications vary in effectiveness among groups is known as ____.

A) cultural genetics
B) genetic therapy
C) behavioral genetics
D) pharmacogenomics

Question 65

Zach normally takes an antianxiety medication and, after he has his wisdom teeth pulled, takes a narcotic pain medication as well.He suddenly finds himself very drowsy and disoriented.This is an example of ____.

A) anaphylaxis
B) tolerance
C) synergism
D) antagonism

Question 66

Why are persons with liver failure particularly prone to experiencing the toxic effects of medications?

A) They distribute the medication differently.
B) They are unable to properly metabolize the medication.
C) They absorb the medication too rapidly.
D) They do not excrete the medication efficiently.

Question 67

A decreased response to a drug that develops after repeated doses are given is _______.

A) tolerance
B) dependence
C) anaphylactic reaction
D) hypersensitivity

Question 68

A patient is complaining the new drug they started is not working at all.The patient also mentions "they told me it was a useless drug when they gave me the prescription in the office." What effect could be decreasing the patient's response to the drug?

A) Perception effect
B) Placebo effect
C) Synergistic effect
D) Paradoxical reaction

Question 69

Signs of anaphylactic reaction are _____

A) itching and urticaria (hives)
B) vascular collapse and shock
C) cyanosis, laryngeal edema, and dyspnea
D) All of the above.
E) None of the above.

Question 70

Your friend is given an antianxiety medication before a medical procedure.Rather than relaxing, however, your friend becomes agitated and starts shouting at people.This type of reaction is known as a(n) ____.

A) reversal
B) anaphylactic reaction
C) antagonistic reaction
D) paradoxical reaction

Question 71

Chemoinformatics refers to ________.

A) using the chemical name and mathematics to identify drugs and which patients will respond to them.
B) using chemistry and statistics to define a particular substance.
C) applying computer technology, statistics, and mathematics to study the structure, properties, and activities of molecules.
D) All of the above.

Question 72

Signs of hypersensitivity are ________.

A) rash or urticaria
B) nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea
C) All of the above.
D) None of the above.

Question 73

Recombinant DNA technology is used to produce which of the following medications _____.

A) hepatitis B vaccine
B) insulin
C) human growth hormone
D) All of the above.

Question 74

A unique, unusual response to a drug in a given patient is called _______.

A) tolerance
B) idiosyncrasy
C) dependence
D) paradoxical

Question 75

Will visits the emergency room because of a badly broken leg.He is given a narcotic pain killer, but quickly becomes extremely dizzy and disoriented, and vomits.Will is then given another medication, naloxone, and soon begins to feel better.The effect of naloxone on the narcotic pain killer is known as ____.

A) agonism
B) antagonism
C) potentiation
D) tolerance

Question 76

Genetic engineering refers to _________.

A) producing a perfect member of a species
B) altering genes in a lab setting
C) predicting a disease through evaluation of chromosomes
D) None of the above.

Question 77

An acquired need for a drug that may produce psychological and/or physical symptoms of withdrawal when the drug is discontinued is called _______.

A) tolerance
B) idiosyncrasy
C) dependence
D) paradoxical

Question 78

A severe, possibly fatal, allergic response is called _______.

A) tolerance
B) dependence
C) anaphylactic reaction
D) hypersensitivity

Question 79

Your cousin is started on medication after being diagnosed with epilepsy.Because he experiences seizures quite often, he starts with a very large dose of the anticonvulsant to elevate the levels of the drug in his blood as quickly as possible.This initial, large dose is known as a(n) ____.

A) loading dose
B) shock dose
C) therapeutic dose
D) overdose

Question 80

An immune response to a drug that may be of varying degrees is ______.

A) tolerance
B) dependence
C) anaphylactic reaction
D) hypersensitivity